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= VI | al NOTES :—I —Shakspe Cassell's * Conwell ¢ REPUBLIC of GERSA sy the Rev. W. A. B. Coolidge cidence — S and DOCUMENTS :—The Introduction of B 1 . = Ireland. By Professor 4a QUERIES :- Taxation presented to Edward I By C. V. Langiois—Sir Gyles —Tr Anthony Ashley Cooper and the Relief of Taunton. By Church an Sar > Gardiner Om we —Appella Orthenvill Thistle, ar Sir C. Brat Andrew, Amy Lisi Oonsal —“* REPLIES :- Words—T | needle Str the wife i Error regal 53 -Burlin Mayor—Bl Pope—Sir Kaighthoo 57—Miniat C. C. Pepy NOTES ON tions —Gos on Welling * Civil War vern's He — ail kail’s Vir; Notices to C ELL ; There h finitely fix gifted poet (“Eminent was born i

To an a = the via er Ritchie, Barn Hall, the date” doubt, to "Dict. of Mr, Ingrat March 14,

move the symptoms and speedily renew 5 If the bowels be irritable, Holloway’s Vint \

VILI, Joxy 20, '89.)

NOTES AND QUERIES.

LONDON, SATURDAY, JULY 20, 1839.

CONTENTS,—N® 186.

+<Elizabeth B. Browning, 41—Books on Gaming, 42

Maladios—

Cassell's “ Library,” 45—English as she rote—

~ Burrock — Folk-lore Rhyme—A Coin- cidence—Wit and Humour, 46.

:—Crosier —‘ Gulliver's Travels’—Bethphage—Sarah

lation Wanted — Benedict —Grant's ‘ English

Blazon ” — Rose, —Stewarts—Reference Wanted—

50—Spanish

REPLIES :—J. Duns Scotus,

Words—The Oxen of Iphicles—Gater Family—The Cradle of the Tide, 51—Chestnuts—Thread- needle Street—Relph’s Cumberland Poems—“ How much the wife is dearer,” &c.—Bible —Clubbing, 52 —-Younger— Error regarding the Mass —Garrick’s Birth—Heraldic Knots, §3-Burlington : St. Stephen's, Walbrook, 54—Cians— Mock Mayor—Biois Family—‘‘ Proud Preston,” 55—Chinstay— Sir C. Wren, 56 —Regimental Badge— Wind of a Can- non-Ball— Festival of Trinity — Otherwise — Insignia of Kaighthood—Quotes —*' Your wits are gone 57—Miniatare—Jacobean Quartoes—Paignton—Selina—Sir C. C. Pepys—Toup’s Library—‘ Rattlin the Reefer,’ 58. NOTES ON BOOKS :—Early English Text Society Publica- tions—Goss's ‘ Life of Liewellynn Jewitt '"—Fraser's ‘ Words on Wellington ’— Dowling’s ‘Indolent Essays’ —Grange’s ‘Civil War Tracts '"—Villari's ‘ Life of Savonarola '—M'‘Go- vern's ‘How a M'Govern won the Victoria Cross '—Mac- kail’s Virgil '—Harrison’s ‘ French Revolution.’

Notices to Correspondents.

Rates.

ELIZABETH BARRETT BROWNING.

There has always been some difficulty in de- finitely fixing the date and place of birth of this gifted poetess. Mr. John H. Ingram, in his ‘ Life’ (“Eminent Women Series,” 1888), states that she was born in London on Saturday, March 4, 1809. Inan appendix to his book he sums up some of the evidence on the subject. Mrs. Richmond Ritchie, “‘ authorized by Mr. Browning, declared Barn Hall, Durham, the place, and March 6, 1809, the date” of the birth. This has reference, no doubt, to her article on Mrs. Browning in the ‘Diet. of Nat. Biog.’ (1886). In his researches Mr, Ingram discovered in the Tyne Mercury for March 14, 1809, an announcement for March 4, ‘In London, the wife of Edward M. Barrett, Esq., ols danghter.” After publishing his data, Mr. Browning himself took exception to them, asserting thst his wife was “‘born on March 6, 1806, at Carlton Hall, Durham, the residence of her father’s brother.” Oo this Mr. Ingram remarks that Calton Hall is in Yorkshire, and not in Durham, wad that he is informed that the place did not belong to Mr, S. Moulton Barrett until after 1810. ln the face of these statements, I find, in the Anti- fury for June (p. 269), the following paragraph :

“Thebirthplace of Mrs, Barrett Brownirig, the poete finally set at rest, the Rev.

Rector of Kelloe, having discovered the ae of her baptism in the Church Kelloe Registers. There Elizabeth Barrett was born on March 6, 1806. She was privately baptized, but was received into the church at Kelloe on Feb. 10, 1808, when her brother Edward Barrett Moulton-Barrett was baptized.”

Since writing the above I have seen and read an interesting article in the Monthly Chronicle of North Country Lore for July (p. 303), on ‘ Mrs, Browning’s Birthplace.’ From this it a that Kelloe is a village not far from Ferryhill, in Dur- ham. The church is built on a height, and near to it stands Coxhoe Hall. After describing the hall, and tracing its history briefly since 1725, the writer states that it was occupied at the beginning of the present century by Mr. Edward Mouldron (others spell this name as Moulton: which is correct ?) Barrett (the father of the poetess), while his new house in Herefordshire was in course of building :—

“This was in 1805, and on March 6, 1806, his first

child, Elizabeth Barrett Mouldron Barrett was born ; on June 26, 1807, his second child, Edward Barrett Mouldron Barrett was born ; and about the commence- ment of the year 1809 the family removed to their —— | same home, and all connexion with the North ceased. Probably they migrated to London (Mr. Ingram says they were living there in 1809) for a short time before moving on to Hope End, near Ledbury. The register is stated to be “a jumbled up and somewhat puzzling book”; the entry relating to Mrs. Browning is given as follows :—

“ Elizabeth Barrett Mouldron Barrett, first child of Edward Barrett Mouldron Barrett, Esq., of Coxhoe Hall, a native of St. Thomas’s, Jamaica, by his wife, Mary late Clarke of Newcastle, born March 6th, 1806, and admitted [into the Church] Feb. 10, 1808.”

From this it may be taken that Mrs. Browning was born at Coxhoe Hall, Durham, then the temporary residence of her father. On account of her delicate health, she was privately baptized by the Rev. George Stephenson at Coxhoe Hall, being ** received into the Church” on Feb. 10, 1808, on the occasion of the baptism of her eldest brother. The parish church of Kelloe “is a low, barnlike- looking building externally, apparently built at different periods, and looking anything but a ‘thing of beauty’ in a landscape that per | requires all the adornment that can be bestow upon it to make it presentable.” The present Rector of Kelloe is the Rev. W. R. Burnet (not Barrett, as stated in the Antiquary), M.A., who was made an honorary canon of Durham in 1883.

Mrs. Browning’s mother being born at Fenham Hall, Newcastle-on-Tyne, accounts for the entry in the Tyne Mercury. The entry, no doubt, refers to another daughter, as it cannot be a misprint. The discovery of the entry in the Kelloe Register is distinctly interesting, and merits a corner in ‘N. & Q’ It seems to settle the question of the date and place of birth of Mrs. Browning, a ques-

41 a IEW, r Judge AROLA. “oolidge. ish Law oject for Chareh and Sects'—Lambert—St. A 47—Yellow Flies irrection —Appellations of Cities— Blackwall Hall Man Battle ye + ax Thistle, and Harp —Maltby ; Sir C. Brandon—Battle of Cropredy Bridge —Sir J. Hullock — 4 Andrew, Jeow—“ Three blue beans in a blue bladder ”— | LED. Amy Lists, 48-W. G. Ward—Paper Glaze—Wellingore— Consul Ragman Roll "—Rothir, 49 EW, EW, | SONS, NITY hman. ame = | correct P eld,” seldom +— | checked finds his meatal, iterative s, a mild mew his y's Vint

NOTES AND QUERIES.

8, VIIL. 20,

tion which even to her husband bas been a doubt- fal one, as bis statements vary, and even in his last statement to Mr. Ingram be is inaccurate. The Monthly Chronicle gives sketches of Coxhoe Hall, of “The Long Walk” and “The Avenue ” in the ands, and a sketch of the poetess. The “ Hall” now in the ion of Mr. W. H. Wood, the son of a Mr. Thomas Wood, who purchased it some thirty years ago. Having regard to the variety of the dates and given by various writers, it is satisfactory to ve the question settled once and forall. The nt discovery will entail corrections to be made numerous works of reference. ALPHA.

BOOKS ON GAMING. (Continued from p. 4.)

A few words should be said about the two last- described editions, which I hold to be piracies. At the beginning, four pages (5-8) are taken up with an “ Advertisement” in the shape of a letter from an anonymous “gentleman at Bath,” the object being to inform “some People in particular” and “the Publick in general, by what Means the follow- ing Treatise came to be ushered into the World in this manner.” The letter is too long to be quoted in extenso, and the following summary must suf- fice :—

“In an age where the ignorant and unwary are so ex"

to the tricks of sharpers, I thought it would be

loing a service to put them upon their Guard when

Killing Time, which seems to be an almost necessary Evil. I hope to deserve thanks for rescuing them from Snares. I am possessed of a pretty handsome fortune, and, baving idle time, constantly spend a little Portion of it in Gaming. The game of Whist is that which I take most delight in, and till of late fancied myself a pretty good Master of it. Not long since, I lost a con- siderable Sum of Money at it, and yet I could not per- ceive that the Cards ran extraordinary cross against me ; so that I could not but conclude that I was beat by Skill, On enquiring the cause, I found there was a Treatise on the game of Whist ‘lately dispersed among a few Hands at a Guinea price.’ ey obtained a copy with no emall difficulty,* I found I had heretofore been a bungler, and seeing the Advantage which re of this Book have over the innocent Player, I thought I could not oblige my friends better than by printing a few to make presents of.¢ A stationer offered to make me a present of half a Hundred copies, if I would allow him to print a few more for his own use. This I com- plied with, in consideration of the Imposition and Hard- ship the Publick lay under, by not being able to get the said Book under a Guinea, and by its being only in a few Hands, that might make a bad Use of it: ‘for, tho’ a Man of superior Skill, that takes an Advantage of an ignorant Player, cannot, according to the common Ac- ceptation of the Word, be deemed a Sharper, yet, when he pursues that Advantage, after he has found out the Weakness of his Antagonist, it must be confessed that if

* What difficulty could there be, except the payment of the guinea? + What right had he to reprint another person's book, to present copies of his piracy to his friends?

he is not a Sharper, he is at least very near a-kin one.’”

After reading the te’s Apologia, we can come to the that he was a very dent freebooter; for his attack on Hoyle’s “shor treatise” would apply with equal justice to any book of instructions on any other game, and cap be accepted as no excuse for his piracy, which ig not “extenuated” by his professions of disinter. ested devotion to the public, as whose saviour be poses. Like the true author, in his first edition, our pirate prints two additions; one, the “A dix” (chaps. ix. to xiii.), promised in the “fue. duction,” and the other an “Explanation” (cop. tained in chap. xiv.) of “the playing of Sequences? as desired by the purchasers of the MS. “the last winter.” Itis true that Sequence-playing is treated on pp. 74-78 (to the seventh line); but from that point to the end (p. 86) the author gives instruc. tions on various points of the game wholly uncon. nected with the playing of sequences. Till recently these were believed to be the genuine first and second editions of the book. The copy of the real first edition (Bodleian) has no price on its title, One effect of the pirate’s attack was to reduce the rice, whatever it was before; for very soon th genuine) second edition was announced in th General Evening Post from Saturday, March 5, to Tuesday," March 8, and in the Daily Post, March?, 1743, as “ with great additions, price two shillings A Short Treatise on the Game of Whist, contain. ing the laws of the game,” &c.; and again, in the Craftsman, March 12, and Daily Post, March 15, 1743, as “in a neat pocket size, done up in fine gold embowd paper, and gilt on the leaves, Price two shillings, the cond Edition (with great additions to the laws of the game, &c.), A Short Treatise on the Game of Whisk[sie} as play’d at Court, White's & George's Chocolate House; at Slaughter’s & the Crown Coffee Houses, &c. By Bt mund [ sic] Hoyle, Gent,” Of this edition until lately no copy was known to exist. One has, however, fortunately been founi, “done up” in the original “fine gold embowé paper,” which is not extraordinarily fine, and “git on the leaves.” The title is as follows :—

ith great Additions to the Laws of the Game, and a2 Explanation of the Calculations which are necessary® be | understood by those who would play it well, &c, &

42 V gate. | uD Facing | | ment :— To the | tise has that he b worth an Biitions, World; a treemly i explain forth by and Corrs The sige back of Advert Stationer ever shal shall be | N.B. 1 the Addi that bous At th of, that re- | fer Shillings Collatio tents, 3 *8, ll). 1 A in sis D in tw J.M.) “for the first-rat Benjam and wh liam type- for privatel | at his o mand f protecte pirates & pract death. Watts. Ma. intentio Dictio of Hoy have a dated 1 more, the sery to Howds

VIII, Joxy 20, '89.)

NOTES AND QUERIES.

| | Printed for F. Cogan at the Middle-Temple- gate. | itt. | (Price Two Shillings.)

Facing the title appears the following announce- ment :—

Epmonp Hoy e. The signature is undoubtedly autograph. On the back of the title I find the following

N.B. The Purchasers of the First | Edition, may have the Additions to com- | plete their Books, on producing that bought | of the Author, and paying one Shilling.

Collation : “To the Reader,” 1 f.; title, 1 f.; con- tents, 3 ff.; and 92 pp. (numbered 86, pp. *5, *6, ¥*7, *8, *9, *10, being inserted between pp. 10 and ll). 12mo. 2 ff. prelim., of which one is blank; A in sixes; B in sixes; 7 ff. without sig.; C and D in twelves ; E in eights, the last f. being blank. (J.M) This, then, is no longer a book printed “for the Author” by John Watts,* “a Printer of first-rate eminence,” in whose office the celebrated Benjamin Franklin once worked as a journeyman, and who was the first printer that employed Wil- liam Caslon, the founder of the famous Caslon type-foundry. At first, evidently, it was a book privately printed for, and distributed by, the author athis own price. Finding that there was a de- mand for it, he appointed Cogan his agent, and protected, or tried to protect, himself against the pirates and his own agent by signing every copy,— & practice which he kept up, I think, until his death. The type, however, was still that of John Watts, Jovian (To be continued.) _ Ma. Jovian Marsuatt quotes (with evident mtention of disproving the statement) Allibone’s ‘Dictionary,’ which tells us “that the last edition of Hoyle’s ‘Games’ was published in 1761.” I lave a copy of the third edition of this work, dated 1807, with the book-plate of Edward Scuda- more, of Wye, dated 1818, which is very much at service of Mr, Marsuatz if he cares to write (Rev.) H. Earpiey Frevp. Howden Le Wear, Darlington.

* Died September 26, 1763, aged eighty-five

SHAKSPEARIANA,

‘Junius Casar, III. ii—I have to thank you for inserting in your number of April 20 my letter suggesting an emendation in the corrupt passage in Shakespeare’s ‘Julius Cesar.’ I write again at the earliest opportunity to disavow any claim to originality for that suggestion, which, after sending that letter to you, I discovered was due to another hand. The circumstances under which I made the discovery will, however, probably be deemed by you sufficiently interesting to deserve a place in your columns.

t was my good fortune to enjoy for some years the acquaintance of the late Mr. Halliwell-Phil- lipps, and, hearing that he had been unwell, I called at his residence, Hollingbury Copse, near Brighton, shortly before Christmas, to inquire after him. He was then well enough to see me, and, indeed, was, to all appearance, in good health, though he complained to me of indisposition, but not from the cause which proved fatal to him a few days afterwards. So far was he, indeed, from anticipating so speedy a close to his life, that he intimated his intention of shortly inviting a party of his friends to inspect his Shakespearian collec- tion, and, opening one of the numerous drawers in his studio, he took from it one of the treasures he had recently acquired, in the shape of an old deed, to which was attached the seal of Sir Thomas Lucy, the owner of Charlcote, near Stratford-upon-Avon, to whom tradition has assigned the unenviable fame of having, by a threat of prosecution for deer- stealing, driven Shakespeare from his native place to London. Mr. Halliwell-Phillipps pointed out to me the three luces, or trout, which figure in that seal, and also, it will be remembered, in the open- ing scene of ‘The Merry Wives of Windsor,’ of which, he added, there was but one other impres- sion extant, in the possession of some noble lord whose name I fail to remember. He was evi- dently very proud of the acquisition of this trea- sure. It was now that I remembered the subject of my letter to you, and I put it to Mr. Halliwell- Phillipps if he could resolve the point—Was the emendation a good one, and had it been antici- pated or not? He went at once to his bookshelves, bristling with editions of Shakespeare, and, taking out a volume containing the tragedy of ‘ Julius Cesar,’ he turned to the speech of Brutus to Mare Antony, and then, consulting the numerous foot- notes, he pointed out to me that the emendation in question, viz., of “no” for in, was there suggested by George Steevens, the well-known editor of Shake- speare. I believe that the volume consulted was one of his own edition of Shakespeare; but, if so, he had not adopted Steevens’s suggestion, though he now remarked that he would reconsider the point, and I was looking forward with some interest to

the result when I heard, very shortly afterwards of

43 af | to any a and cag | 4 Which ig lisinter. | riour he | edition, 4 (con. uences,” the last treated om that “ instruc -_ recently irst and the real | ts title luce the oon the 4 in the | ch 5, to Larch 7, billings, arch 165, ings, the hisk [sie} Houses; By Bé- j y own to re mboas' nd “gilt it. | Con o | Som ention tions for he Score a es stated, | Player is ases, Ti. w to find tainty, | dition, | and an | |

NOTES AND QUERIES.

(7% 8, VIII, 20,

his death. The hospitable bungalow of Holling- bury Copse (so called from a Roman camp in its vicinity) is now devoid of that interest which attached to it from being the abode of one of the most zealous and indefatigable explorers for facts and testimonies throwing light on the career and times of our great poet, and his treasures are to be dispersed to various parts of the world ; but his name will long live as a Shakespearian scholar, and will always be cherished by such as had the plea- sure and profit of his acquaintance, like Cuartes Feet.

Brighton.

Tae,’ II. i. 134 (7™ S. vi. 304).—As still further showing the wide-spread belief in Aristotle’s dictum, I may quote also the following—which I had forgotten till I again came casually across it—in bk. iv. chap. v. of Scot’s * Discoverie of Witchcraft.’ Here, speaking of the monkish legend of Sylvanus, one fishy in a double sense, and where this bishop’s innocence was pro- claimed by a devil at St. Jerome’s tomb, he sar- castically sets in his margin, “ Saincts as holie | and chaste as | horsses & mares.”

Br.

“TIyptan Beauty”: ‘ Mercaant or Venice,’ III. ii. (7" S. vii. 42, says that “with the ancient Romans fair was the colour of beauty.” It seems also to be so with the modern Italians. In a tender little love-ditty beginning—

B lo mio amore andato a soggiornare, the Tuscan maiden sings :—

Tutti mi dicon che son nera, nera ;

La terra nera ne mena il buon grano,

E guarda il fior garofan com’ é nero,

Con quanta signoria si tiene in mano !

Tutti mi dicon che il mio damo é tinto,

& me pare un’ angiolin dipinto:

Tutti mi dicon che il mio damo é nero,

Ed a me pare un’ angiol vero, vero ! I do not know who is the author of this song. It has been set to pretty music by Gordigiani. I am told that Gordigiani does not rank high amongst composers. At all events, the music of this can- zonetta seems to me very sweet.

In the third chapter of ‘Marco Visconti,’ by Grossi, there is a glowing description of Oldrado del Balzo’s daughter Bice, with her eyes of “ etereo azzurrino” and her “diffuso volume delle chiome bionde, morbide, lucenti com’ oro filato.” The scene of this romance is laid in Lombardy, a.p, 1329.

JonaTHan BovcuiEr.

Ropley, Alresford.

* Crmpeting,’ IIT, iv. 133.—-By a most rarely allowed lapse in the Cambridge Shakespeare my attempted emendation of this mutilated line was incorrectly given, I being desirous of adding the word “‘[ignoble],” whereas I was made to change “noble” into “ignoble,” a change which left the

scansion imperfect. Hence I would now crays leave to give it—

With that harsh, | [igno | ble] no | ble, sim | ple nothing, In its favour I would urge, first that Cloten was both by birth and character an “ignoble noble”: secondly, that the phrase, while stronger than * that harsb,” is less strong than, but a fitting pre. liminary to, the climax “simple nothing”; thirdly that the similarity between “ ignoble” and “ noble” gives a ready cause for the compositor catching up the latter only. Br. Nicuotsoy,

I. iv. 1 (7" 8. vii. 124, 384), regret that Dr. NicHotson has not succeeded in converting me to his view, even ‘‘ with the aid of his magnifying glasses.” If I say “I can take snuff without sneezing,” will Dr. Nicnoxson contend that I ought rather to have said “I can take snuff without the help of sneezing”? I have only to say that for me this sentence would have no meaning whatsoever, and that it is on all fours with the passage in question. Hotcomse

Hamver’s Youtu.—In a former note I gave an extract from Bartholome showing that in Shake- speare’s time Hamlet at the age of thirty, as given him in the versions of 1604 and 1623, was youth. I now give another statement from ‘The Forest,’ a work written by Petras Messia, a Sicilian, in Spanish, thence translated into Italian, thence into French by Claudius Gruget, and thence into English in 1576 by Th. Fortescue, he omitting some of the chapters. One, however, he retained, the seventeenth of the first part, “Of the distinction of the age of man according to the opinion of moste Astrologians.” It continues: “The life of man is divided in seven Ages, over every one of whiche ruleth...... one of the seven Planets,” The following is a résumé :—1, Infancy, ruled by the Moon, continues four years. 2. Pueritia, ander Mercury, lasts fully ten years. 3. Adolescency, under Venus, lasts eight years, beginning at the end of the fourteenth year and finishing on the last day of one’s twenty-second. 4. Youth, under the Sup, continues tili the end of the forty-second year. 5. Is wtas virilis, subject to Mars, and lasts fifteen years, i.¢., till the fifty-sixth year (completed) 6. Senectus, ruled: by Jupiter, lasts twelve years, that is, to seventy-eight. This, governed by Satur, endeth “at the end of eighty-eight, which very few in our age attain to, and is stouping and decrepit.” And after saying that these “ desire principally to be maisters and governours,” he continues, “ the same then returneth to the state in maner of it fancy, and once again shall have the Moone for bis Lady and mistresse,”

Having again stated ‘‘ that this division of ages was left us of the olde and learned Astrologians, he proceeds to give the divisions adopted + eres of the ancient phil and writers. But while

— o a

SS REESSS EE

44

§ till al Shak: 4 Han! enter : In indicé raled have forgo! year, not 0 sever: to gi ment be ex numb nedy, Temor the I Temo! agree ment, pality agree: grave: enclo with tramy be de stone bably tious | and ti Sip forme: Their makin

qo 8, VIII. 20, '89.}

NOTES AND QUERIES.

ras made four divisions, Varro five, &c.,

all but one or two give adolescence as lasting till about thirty and Youth to about forty. Thus Shakespeare was amply justified in calling his Hamlet of thirty a youth, he having only just

entered into that category. I may add that I think, too, that we have some

acquainted with and remembered the planet that raled each of his seven ages. Also that our rulers have forgotten, and may perhaps repent having forgotten, the old rule that the virile age, over which Mars predominated, lasted till the fifty-sixth year, and now confine our rank and file to the age, not of youth, but of adolescence. Br, Nicuotsoy, M.D.

Keats: THE Grave or Keats.—Keats, as everybody knows, lies buried in the old Protestant cemetery outside the Porta S. Paolo at Rome, under the shadow of the pyramid of Caius Cestius. In order to meet the growing demand for house accommodation, the Municipality of Rome have decided to lay out a considerable tract of land near Monte Testaccio for the erection of artisans’ dwellings, to form a new gateway in the city wall adjoining the pyramid of Caius Cestius, and to construct a new roadway about one hundred feet wide through the old Protestant cemetery. The

Marquis of Salisbury, on being informed of these | u

jeals, and that “‘the new road is actually to riven over the graves in which the remains of several Englishmen of distinction rest,” declined to give any sanction on the part of the Govern- ment toa measure which, in his own words, “ would be extremely repulsive to the feelings of a large number of Englishmen,” and instructed Mr. Ken- nedy, the English Chargé d’Affaires at Rome, to Temonstrate with the Municipality. Unfortunately the English Government no legal ground for remonstrance, the cemetery having been already agreed to be conveyed by the German Govern- ment, to whom it belonged, to the Roman Munici- pality. After some correspondence, the Municipality agreed to so far modify the scheme as to leave the graves of Keats and Severn undisturbed, and to enclose them within a small railed garden, planted with trees, Keats’s grave will lie between two _ lines, and all its old associations will destroyed. In a few years the unpretending stone which now marks his resting-place will pro- bably be removed, or will be replaced by a preten- tious monument, more to the taste of the Italians, aud the English will know the place no more. J.

foenssuE.—These officers of the Church were aerly called sithcondmen, then synodsmen. ir duties were to assist the churchwardens in

g presentments of ecclesiastical offences at

indications in Jaques’s speech that Shakespeare was | gr

the bishops’ synods or visitations. Of late years they have acted as amateur pew-openers, but in the days of William and Mary (1689-1702) the duties were different, The Principal Registrar of Canter- bury, at a recent meeting of the clergy, informed them that the churchwarden of Childwall, near Liverpool, had found the following quatrain, en- ossed on parchment, among the parish records as instruction to the sidesmen of those days :— To hear, and see, and say nowt, To eat, and drink, and pay nowt, And when the wardens drunken roam, Your duty is to see them home. Everarp Home Cotemay. 71, Brecknock Road, [The Rev. E. L. H. Tew, M.A., obliges with the same verses.

the sweating sickness Mr. Denton writes that “it was regarded as so peculiar to the people of this country that it was spoken of sometimes as the ‘ King of England’s sickness,’ at other times as ‘the English dis- ease,’ though this name, morbus Anglicus, was more usually, and perhaps more fittingly, applied to consump- tion.” —‘ England in the Fifteenth Century,’ p. 209, In these days the Germans call rickets ‘‘die eng- lische Krankheit,” but I observe they manifest it “as to the manner born,” and spinal deformity and bow-leggedness appear to at least one observer to be more rife in, say, Hanover, than they are with

s.

When hay-fever becomes more generally known upon the European continent it is probable that it will be known there as the English or American disorder, as we and our cousins are at present almost the only sufferers from the complaint.

“In the north of Europe—that is, in Norway, Sweden, and Denmark—it is scarcely ever seen, and it rarely affects the natives of France, Germany, Russia, Italy, or Spain, In Asia and Africa, also, it is only the English who suffer......In America it occurs in nearly every state. a So common is the scourge in the Great Republic that a few years ago a ‘Hay Fever Association’ was founded for the ‘ collective investigation of facts and the mutual protection of sufferers.’ —‘ Hay Fever and Parox-

mal Sneezing: their Etiology and Treatment,’ by Morell Mackenzie, M.D., p. 29.

John and Jonathan may get, as Sir Morell sa: “some crumbs of comfort from the fact that t) disease is almost exclusively confined to persons of cultivation ’’ (p. 10). Sr.

Cassety’s “Rep Lisrary.”—It ought to be known that the ‘Ingoldsby Legends’ in this library is not the ‘ Ingoldsby Legends,’ but a selec- tion from that work. Not only the prose legends are left out, but also all the prose matter, of what- ever kind, which introduces and connects and _ plements the legends. The separation into boo is swept away. In short, the volume is merely a bare reprint of the poetical matter. Now of this in itself no one would complain ; but what is to be

45 20, ’89, — W Crave 3 nothing, wag | noble”; er than | ing pre- thirdly, ‘noble” P hing up LSON, 84), eded in aid of ke snuff contend ke snuff y to say neaning rith the LEBY, q Shake. Shake- 8 given was ; ssia, Italian, and rteacue, )wever, t, “Of to the : “The every under scency, at the he last ler the d year. fifteen yleted). years, 4 ry few repit.” | j ally to a “ the of in- ages arious

NOTES AND QUERIES.

(7 8. VIIL. Juxy 20, "39,

complained of is that it is not announced on the title. The title leaves one to suppose that the book is perfect. Downwards from the Bible with- out the Apocrypha, or the Prayer Book without the Occasional Services, to publish an imperfect bosk as if it were a perfect one is a literary im- morality of which a publisher of high class should disdain to be guilty. F. S. Warren, M.A. Foleshill Hall, Coventry.

as sHE 1s Wrore.—The following notice, extracted verbatim from a book published in England, and presumably the work of an English

n (‘ Poll-Book of the Liverpool Election,’ June, 1790), may amuse readers of ‘N. & Q.’:—

“T. Joh having promised an errata, but from the anxiety of the Public, has published in its present state, hoping few errors will be found ; and will be thankful to those, who may find mistakes, to intimate them to him, as they shall be rectified gratis, which may be con- veniently added to the end of the book." W.D

Oxrver Cromwett’s Prarer.—We have the authority of the Amsterdam Navorscher (xvii. 263)—unfortunately no other, I think—that Oliver Cromwell usually said the following grace before meals : “Some people have food, but no appetite ; others have an appetite, but no food. [ have both. The Lord be praised!” or words to this

effect, as your contem ives them only in Datch translation. ities L. L. K.

Burrock.—The earliest authority for this word in our Philological Society’s ‘ New English Dic- tionary,’ ed. Murray, is 1701, Cowell’s ‘ Inter- preter,’ where Burrochium is defined ‘ Burrock or small Wear, where Wheels [i.¢., weels] are lay’d in a River for the taking of Fish.” And in his com- ment on it Dr. Marray says, “ Apparently in its origin a mere dictionary word, though perhaps it may have found its way into actual use.” It cer- tainly had done so 315 years before Cowell, for in the City of London Letter-Book H, leaf 198, the word burrokes occurs four times in a Latin entry of 1386 a.p., Englished by Riley in his ‘Memorials’ (1868), p. 487:—

“22 burrokes that had been placed in the said water {of Thames}, on the East side of London Bridge, and in which divers fry of roach, flounders, dace, lamperns, and other fish of no value had been taken It was there- fore ordered that the said burrokes should be burnt.” Will some ‘N. & Q.’ reader supply quotations for burrokes before 1386 and between that date and 1701? Riley (p. 312) gives brisket-—“A brusket of roast mutton 2}d.”—from a Norman-French pro- clamation of Edward IIT. in 1363, as against our ‘Dictionary ’“‘c. 1450”; bisshe, ahind, in 1327 (p. 153), against our “c, 1450”; and so on; while the tool bowshave of 1356 (Riley, p. 283) is not in the ‘ Dictionary’ at all. Unluckily none of our readers took extracts from these ‘Memorials’ for our ‘ Dic-

tionary.’ This oversight will forthwith be remedied; but I do hope that ‘ N. & Q.’ men will contin test the‘ Dictionary’in order to amend its past short. comings, and to prevent future ones by passing all yet unfished material through the meshes of their net. F. J. Foantvau,

Rayme.—Here is a bit of folk-lore I have not seen in print. The lady who gave it to me got it from her mother, who was an English- woman, and brought it with her long ago from the mother-land :— Monday for health. Tuesday for wealth. Wednesday the best day of all. Thursday for crosses, Friday for losses. Saturday no day at all, Ropert New York,

A Corncipence.—In the amusing autobiography of Mr. Frith, R.A., a marvellous account is given of a gentleman having slipped, unnoticed, within the guarded grounds of Fonthill Abbey, and there finding the eccentric owner, Mr. Beckford, whom he mistook for the gardener. They became very friendly, and the intruder was asked to stay and dine ; but at eleven o’clock he was turned out, with the warning that bloodhounds ranged the park during the night. So the dismissed guest passed his night in a tree.

I have a parallel story. A deceased friend of mine—a well-known squire in a midland county— told me many years ago that he was posting north- ward, and stopped at Rokeby to inspect the romantic scenery of Scott’s poem. Mr. Morritt was alive, and as my friend wished to see his interesting house and grounds, he went forward, and found, as he thought, the head gardener amongst the flower-beds; and he asked him whether he thought Mr. Morritt would receive a call from a stranger. He was told to go to the front door, when he would be informed whether it would be itted. My friend did as he was bidden, and he found that by a slight metamor- eaed of clothes, &c., the supposed gardener had

me the master of the house, who gave him hospitable entertainment for a day or two. i

Fifty years ago I called at Rokeby Park with my late wife, who hoped to see her friends, Mr. Morritt’s nieces, the Minna and Brenda of ‘ The Pirate.’ They were not at home, but their famous uncle was most kind, and showed us all his artistic treasures. Aurrep Garry, D.D.

Wir Homovur.—As I reading a contemporary periodical a partial attempt at & solution of the much-vexed question of the dis- tinction between wit and humour, it occurred to me that the essence of the matter might perhaps be found definable by the following for-

46 pals, wi great Al (being, sinilariti cerned W bowan c) Budleig We mui on family names an answers Cros?! a signific heard thi bold the: | away fro the mea bat out turned ii directly readers any othe position: ‘Guu | of Gall paged t back of printed “ Thes Romance in opposi | the false Er. | rors Orrery.” Also at ootan.” plate ar what th cation 0 Bets nounced vicar, a read it | Greek; Matthis tion as | any oth F but I cs Horne Sara painter, any rea | (nearer

#8, VIII, 20, '89.)

NOTES AND QUERIES. 47

pula, which I offer to the consideration of the

gest Areopagus of Notes-and-Queryites. Wit

(being, a8 bas been well said, the perception of

gmilarities in things apparently dissimilar) is con-

groed with things, humour with perceptions of homan character. Avotpnus TROLLOPE. Budleigh Salterton.

Queries,

We must request correspondents desiring information on family matters of only private interest, to affix their names to their queries, in order that the wswers may be addreseed to them direct.

Crosizr.—Is anything known as to there being a signification in the position of a crosier? I have heard that in his own diocese a bishop would always hold the crosier with crook turned outwards, that is, sway from his body, which position would allow of the meaning of drawing his flock towards him ; bat out of his own diocese the crook would be turned inwards, signifying that the flock was not directly under his superintendence, Can any readers tell me whether this is the case, and if any other meanings may be attached to different positions of a crosier ? L. C.

‘Guttiver’s TRavets,’ 1726.—I have a copy of ‘Gulliver's Travels,’ 2 vols., 1726, each volume paged throughout, in the original calf. On the back of the title of vol. i. is pasted a neatly printed label, as follows:—

ry.

Also at p. 177 in vol. ii. is a plate, “The Oran- ootan.” Can any of your readers inform me if this plate and label are found in other copies; and what the Earl of Orrery had to do with the publi- cation of ‘ Galliver’s Travels’ ? L. W. J.

Beturaace.—How is this word usually pro- nounced in reading Holy Scripture? My former vicar, a competent scholar, once asked me why I tead it as a word of three syllables, as it is in the Greek; and quoted the ‘Christian Year’ for St. Matthias’s Day as an authority for its pronuncia- tion a8 a dissyllable. It certainly will not scan in any other way in the line,

From Jordan’s banks to Bethphage height ; but I can never bring myself so to use it. E. L. H. Tew, M.A.

Hornsea Vicarage, East Yorks.

Sanau Gries, on Gittes, miniature portrait Painter, daughter of James Gyles, enameller.— Can my reader of ‘N. & Q.’ kindly inform me where

above lady, engraved by Burnet Reading about 1750, can be seen ?

Transtation Wantep.—Bishop Baily, in his * Practice of Piety,’ quotes a Latin distich among “Rules for Singing of the Psalms,” and appends an English rendering of it:— Non vox, sed votum ; non musica chordula, sed cor ; Non clamans, sed amans, psallit in aure Dei, ’Tis not the voice, but vow ; Sound heart, not sounding string ; True zeal, not outward show,

That in God's ear doth ring. The first and third lines seem to me to fail in accuracy of expression and rhyme, and I shall be glad if any one will supply me with a better ver- sion for the wall of our Choir vestry. It should be terse, with an archaic flavour, and should preserve the alliteration and musical reference of the original. I have discarded several attempts of my own in favour of the following :—

Not voice, nor tuneful instrument,

But will devout, and heart intent ;

Not loud, but loving, cry Thrilleth God's ear on high. But I should like more decided alliteration and maintenance of the assonance in the pentameter. Can any one give authoritatively the source of the distich? I have heard it ascribed to Venerable Bede, also to St. Augustine. Rector. Upton-on-Severn.

Beyepict.—Will you kindly inform me the de- rivation of Benedict—how it came to be applied ? It is mentioned by Shakespeare in the sense that he must have recognized the meaning as it is to- day—that is, I take it, he obtained it second hand.

G. Pienpen.

Grant’s Caurcn ayp Sects.’—In the preface to the fourth volume of Grant’s ‘ Eng- lish Church and Seets,’ published in 1825, the author writes :—

“ Several subjects of importance remain to be dieeussed and will occupy the half of another volume.

and Chronological Tables’ will complete the work,

Can any of your readers inform me if this volume was ever published? All sets of the work that I have seen consist of four volumes only, with the above remark in the preface to vol. iv. ee

Lampert oF Marpen Braptey.—I shall be obliged for any notes, genealogical or otherwise, referring to this family, so as to supplement the pedigree in Berry’s ‘ Hampshire Genealogier,’ or discovering any present representative of the family. Henry W. ALDRED.

Dover Terrace, 181, Coldharbour Lane, 8.E.

Sr. Ausrett.—I do not find this name in the index to Butler’s ‘ Saints,’ nor do gazetteers explain

(nearer than Oxford) a small octavo portrait of the

2 in q ing all 5 f their ALL, k-lore it to iglish- m the ER. ; rithin a} there vhom d very and out, the id of ity— his ard ve er it was nor- had him 4 = Mr. The ), na 4 7 dis- red jor ‘

NOTES AND QUERIES.

(7* 8, VILL 20, 39,

it as a place-name in Cornwall. Does Austell | solicitor somewhere in London? Is it now asce.

mean “little star,” or is it not rather formed from | tainable where f auster=ecast? Anyhow, it compares with Ostell,| Walthamstow. a patronymic, also Astle, —, Finally, has it

anything to do with the oyster 7

Fires anp Jaunpice.—Can any one inform me who propounded the theory that jaun-

dice is produced by yellow flies in the body, and that, therefore, the introduction of spiders and their would be the correct antidote? I believe it was laid down in some satirical writer’s works about a hundred years ago. Nis.

Syvonyrmous Appg.iations or Cities.—I ask

r correspondents to give me a few or any appellations, as “The ever faithful” = Exeter, and as another non-episcopal instance “The fair city ”= Perth. United Kingdom only. I think myself this is a very interesting question. I am sorry to state my ignorance of any work dealing with the subject.

ERT Harpy. Cullompton, Devon.

“ Buackwaut Hatt Man.”—What is the mean- ing of this designation, which occurs in the Dods- worth MS. ? M. H. P.

Battce or the church of Tenneville, in the province of Luxembourg, Bel-

ium, is a monument erected to the memory of rd Trimlestown, who was killed at the Battle of Orthenville, on Sept. 10, 1692. I shall be much obliged to = of your readers who will refer me to an account of this battle by English historians.

Hetuier Gossexiy. Blakesware, Ware, Herts.

Atrnonse Davper’s ‘Jacx.’—In Alphonse Daudet’s novel ‘ Jack,’ does the hero die? It — to me that the concluding pages are not

ear as to this, and that the fact word, “ dé- livré,” is ambiguous. I should be glad if you or any of your readers would tell me. Z s.

“ Bap Buazoy.”—May I inquire Mr. Sacrer’s reason for asserting (7 S. vii. 118, ‘ Heraldic’) that “three nags’ heads ppr., on a field az....... would be bad blazon”? I had always supposed

t a charge proper was an exception to the rule against colour on colour. F. W. D.

Rose, Tuistiz, Harr.—What is the origin of the rose, thistle, and harp on the British coin-

? nderhill Road, Forest Hill, 8,E.

Mattsy.—The William Maltby to whom we the very ‘ Porsoniana’ succeeded ‘orson’s post at London Institution on the great scholar’s death.

D. Warerson.

Before that he had asa

©. A. Warp,

Srewarts oF Srenton, Pertus.—Oan any reader of ‘N. & Q’ give me any information about the above family previous to John Stewart of Stenton, who died in 1791; and tell me whether

Rererence Wantep.—In which of Moores poems can I find the Greek word “Spermago. raiolekitholakanopolides ”—one of the words which should only be said upon holidays, when we have nothing else to do. Frepk. Row,

Sir Cuartes Branpon was knighted in 1544, and was returned M.P. for Westmorland in 1 Eé- ward VI. His arms were similar to those borne by Brandon, Duke of Suffolk, with the addition of a bendlet sinister or. Who was he?

W. D.

Battie or Croprepy Brainer.—A painting by A Cowper, R.A., of the fight at Cropredy Bri was exhibited in the Royal Academy in 1841. any of the readers of 5G & Q.’ know where painting is now? H. ©. N.

Sir Jonn Baron or tHE Ex- CHEQUER.—I shall be glad to know (1) his mother’s maiden name; (2) any particulars about his wife, who is said to have survived him—her name, the date of her marriage and death, &c. Possibly the inscription on his tombstone at Barnard Castle may give some of these

Anprew, A Jew.—Roger Bacon (Professor Brewer's ‘ Opera Inedita,’ preface, Ix), speaking contemptuously of contemporaneous translators, says pointedly, “ But it is certain that Andrew, 4 Jew, labored at them [translations] more than he did.” Is anything known of this Andrew?

M. D. Davis.

“THREE BLUE BEANS IN A BLUE BLADDER.”"— What is the origin of this saying? It is used by Junius as a phrase in common use:—

“This style I apprehend, Sir, is what the learned Scriblerus calls rigmarol in logic—Riddlemeree among Schoolboys—and in vulgar acceptation, Three Blue beans in a blue bladder. It is the perpetual parturience of s Mountain, and the never failing Delivery of a Mouse. — Letters of Junius,’ Woodfall’s edition, vol. iii. p. 239, “ Miscellaneous Letters,” No, 79, Domitian to the Printer of the Public Advertiser, Dec. 7, 1770. Cartes W. Vincent.

Army Lists on Manvscrirts,

&c.—Do any army lists or military manuscripts,

&c., exist containing a list of officers serving in

various English regiments from 1664 1 D

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78, VIII. 20, 89.)

NOTES AND QUERIES.

‘Witt1am Warp anp THE OxFoRD Movement.’—In Mr. Wilfrid Ward’s ‘ William Ward and the Oxford Movement’ we are told that “John Wesley advocated clerical celibacy, and yet thought that his own circumstances and character warranted him in marrying” (p. 349). What evidence is there for this? Does Wesley make any statement of the kind in his published writings ? ASTARTE.

Paper Giaze.—On the wall of the south-west

ery of the Great Exhibition, 1851, were ex- hibited specimens of a most transparent paper glaze, or varnish, for prints and drawings. So transparent was it, and, apparently, so well adapted to its purpose, that copies of the same prints, covered with glass, which were exhibited side by side with those treated with the material were comparatively “nowhere” as to lustre and transparency. I have many a time since searched for any glaze or varnish like it, and have also done my best to trace it in the catalogue of the world’s fair, but without success. Can any of your readers direct me to it? I do not care for note of others, however good they may possibly be, though I have of late years seen some such glaze, but with far less body, used on photographs issued by American photographers very nearly equalling it.

W. Hacxwoop.

Wettincore, co. Lincoty.—Can any reader of ‘N. & Q.’ help me to complete my list of the successive vicars of this parish from 1200 to the present time? There is a “hiatus valdé de- fiendus” between the death of Humphrey Tyndall in 1585 and the institution of Edward Withers in 1651, but I know that John Nichols (instituted in 1594) was vicar in 1633. The Dean and Chapter of Lincoln have all along been patrons. I have obtained all the information hereon to be had from the diocesan registers and some “exchequer of account ” records. Joun Fernie.

Coxsvt.—Why, and whence, the title? Why does the respectable gentleman who in a foreign seaport town takes my part if I get “run in” by the police, and looks after shipwrecked Britons, and settles disputes between English sea cap- tains (of the mercantile marine) and recalcitrant Mariners, and so forth—why, I ask, does this good and expatriated gentleman bear so classic a title ? A. H. Curistie.

our readers

“Racmaw Rott.”—Can any of tell me if the original manuscript of the “ Ragman oo 4 les in existence; and, if so, where it can

seen

Rornir.—Perhaps one of your readers could help me in elucidating an expression in a MS. of the fifteenth century on navigation. The words

streme undir Rothir,” “half quarter undir

Rothir,” “half tide under Rothir,” occur several times in connexion with directions as to tides and courses. Smyth’s ‘Wordbook’ has rother, old English for rudder; but assuming rothir to be identical with rudder, the sense of the passages in which this word occurs remains obscure.

E. D. Moreay.

Replies,

JOHN DUNS SCOTUS. (7 §. vi. 425; vii. 133, 451.)

I am happy to be able to agree with L. L. K. that we are not entitled summarily to reject all traditions which are not corroborated by contem- porary evidence. At the same time no dis- criminating critic will give the same degree of credit to such traditions as to strictly contemporary authorities, least of all when a century or more in- tervenes between their first appearance and the death of their subject. In the article on Duns Scotus, so far from summarily rejecting the tradi- tional account, I stated the substance of it, indi- cating at the same time the fact that I had failed to trace it to a contemporary source ; and I must again enter a mild protest against being labelled with such opprobrious epithets as sceptic and Pyrrhonist on that account.

As to the value of Wadding’s testimony, it must be observed that he wrote in the first half of the seventeenth century, whereas Duns died in the earlier years of the fourteenth century. That Wadding, more than three centuries after Duns’s death, saw his name on the death register at the Minorite monastery at Cologne I make no doubt ; but I submit that it does not follow that it was entered there at, or even about, the date of his death. It is at least possible that some monk, zealous for the honour and glory of his house, may have made the entry, and made it in good faith, at a much later date. Tritheim’s evidence is earlier, and therefore better than Wadding’s, but it is open to grave suspicion. According to the second pas- sage cited by me from Tritheim (7™ S. vii. 133), Duns was interred at a spot in the choir ante sacristiam, which I presume means at or near the entrance to the sacristy from the choir. In 1509 what are then taken to be the bones of Duns are transferred from quite a different spot (viz., the middle of the choir) to a new tomb near the high altar. There is, as L. L. K. admits, no evidence of the bones so transferred having ever rested in the tomb at the entrance of the sacristy. L. L. K., indeed, suggests that the pomp which attended the reinterment in 1509 is presumptive evidence of a prior transference from the tomb near the i to the tomb in the middle of the choir. But this is merely his pious opinion, and I cannot endorse it, though urbanity restrains me from returning his

49 4 ARD, aD any ‘mation | Stewart | Moore's rmago- which have OLE, 1544 borne | tion of INK, ing by a | that N. Ex. other's 3 wife, the ly the 5 Castle a B. fessor aking 7 ators, 4 rew, & an he 718, = sof use.” ». 289, » the iT. IPTS, pt, n the ?

NOTES AND QUERIES.

[7% 8. VIII. Juxx 20,

yeaa of Pyrrhonism by a charge of cre- ulity.

I subjoin the text of the passage from the Kalendarium, in order that readers may judge for themselves whether it is likely to be of earlier or later date than the first passage cited from Tritheim (7™ 8. vii. 133). It is as follows :—

“ Idus Nov obiit frater Joh 3 Duns , sacre theologie doctor eximius, lector Coioniensis, qui obiit anno dom. 1308; tempore Alberto imperatoris Romani hac mortali vita decessit reverendus ac eximius pater frater Johannes Dunsius, patria et cognomento Scotus,

ui fuit auditor eruditissimi domini Alexandri Halensis,

octoris Parisiensis; qui et ipse pater Johannes evasit in virum doctissimum, theologie magistrum profundissi- mum, qui nomen suum posteris eruditissimis scriptis suis (licet paucis penetralibus) consecravit et felici morte in choro Colonie sepultus est,”

On comparing this passage with the first passage from Tritheim one is struck at once by the fact that in parts they agree word for word, while in others they present significant divergencies. Thus “ Parisius” in Trithiem is medizval Latin for “ at Paris.” The author of the passage from the Kalen- darium prefers to give the same sense by using the adjectival form “ Parisiensis,” in agreement with “ doctoris,” to the bettering of the latinity. The style is heightened by the insertion of the compli- mentary epithets “reverendus ac eximius.” The absence of any reference to the philosophy of Aris- totle, which Tritheim couples with the “divine Scriptures,” seems to show that the author lived at a time when the authority of Aristotle was declining. Whereas Tritheim says drily that Duns was so deep a thinker that his works were intelligible to but few, and on that account the less in vogue— a slur not upon his style, as L. L. K. would have it, but upon his repute—the author of the passage from the Kalendarium eulogizes him in superlatives as “‘virum doctissimum” and “theologie magis- trum profundissimum qui nomen suum posteris eruditissimis scriptis suis...... consecravit — a much more magniloquent way of writing than Tritheim’s—reserving for a parenthesis the state- ment that his writings were but little understood, and saying nothing of their being on that account the less in vogue. All this seems to me to point to the conclusion that the passage in the Kalendarium was written after the first passage from Tritheim, and based upon it. Further, Trithiem in the first passage gives no indication of the place of sepul- ture, while in the second (7 S. vii. 133) he speci- fically describes it as “‘in choro...... ante sacristiam.” The writer in the Kalendariam places it simply “in choro,” which would seem to suggest that he wrote at a time when the tomb of Duns was in the middle of the choir, and, being thus a conspicuous object, needed not to have its locality precisely de- fined, and that he knew nothing of its having origi- nally been in the neighbourhood of the sacristy. An obscure fourteenth century Italian writer, Bar-

tholomsus Pisanus (cited by Wadding), states that Duns was buried at Cologne, where he died reader, but without giving the date of his death or the place of his sepulture. The detailed story of his disputation at Paris, journey thence to Cologne, death there on November 8, 1308, and burial in the Minorite Church, “appears,” as I say in my article, “to have no more solid foundation than the statements of writers of the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries.” J. M. Riee. 9, New Square, Lincoln's Inn.

I am unable to follow the remarks of L. L. K. when it is observed that “no attempt has yet been made to clear up the difficulty about the date of Duns’s birth.” A book which is one of the first to refer to on such a point, Milman’s ‘ Latin Chris- tianity,’ makes the attempt, or at any rate offers an explanation, by disparaging the authority of Trithemius, who apparently makes use of the MS. Kalendarium which L. L. K. mentions in his first letter, and which is also noticed in the second communication of Mr. J. M. Ricco. Milman’s observation is (book xiv. chap. iii. vol. ix. p. 141, London, 1864), “He is said to have died at the age of thirty-four,” with this note :—

“ Haureau adopts this account of the age of Duns with- out hesitation (‘ De la Philosophie Scolastique’); it has been controverted, however, rather from the incredibility of the fact than from the reasons drawn from the very few known circumstances or dates of his life. See Shreckh, xxiv. 437. Trithemius, a very inaccurate writer, makes him a hearer of Alexander Hales in 1245; if so, at his death in 1308 he must have been above sixty. But no doubt the authority, whoever he was, of Tri- themius [cf. MS. Kalen., u.3.] wrote Scholar (follower), not Hearer,”’

Readers of ‘N. & Q.,’ however, will have seen that the conjecture of “scholaris” for “auditor” was wrong. Ep. MarsHAalt.

There used to be a painting of Duns Scotus, by Spagnoletto, in the King’s Presence Chamber at indsor Castle. What has become of this?

W. Lovett. Temple Chambers, E.C.

Suaxsreare (7" §. vii. 366 ; viii. 15).—Since I wrote the last note I have discovered that the misprint pointed out by Mr. Kerstaxe is well known, and has been pointed out long ago. A copy containing this peculiarity was sold in Mr. Halliwell-Phillipps’s sale a few days since, and another had previously been noticed by Mr. Aldis Wright, and there is no doubt the copy used for the facsimile also possessed this peculiarity ; 8° the possessor of the original folio from which the facsimile was made, “ Like the base Judean, threw a pearl away ”—a pearl of a leaf, which made the volume of additional value while it was there. This and other corrections of the press which were made while the sheets were being worked show that the greatest possible correctness was aimed at.

50 = Man | Seco print is

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7#8, VIIL Juxx 20,8.) NOTES AND QUERIES. 51

Many such differences have been found in the Second Folio, from the same cause. As the mis- print “tis” is almost in the middle of the leaf, it js scarcely probable that it could be the work of the facsimilist, as the damaged places are almost invariably to be found in the margins of books.

R. R.

Some Otper Spanisn Worps (7* §. vii. 406). —Almost every one of the archaic Spanish forms uoted by Mr. E. P. Jacossen already occur in that celebrated early monument of the Spanish language called ‘El Poema del Cid,’ an epic poem belonging to the middle of the twelfth century. It is the source of the later ‘Cid Romances,’ and has been edited, with a French version and an ex- cellent etymological glossary, by Damas Hinard (4to., Paris, 1858), which deserves an accurate stady by all who desire to know the earlier stages of the Spanish language. Its only drawback may be its French bias, or tendency to present and re- duce the Spanish language and one of its earliest literary monuments to a mere Provengal patois, without succeeding, however, in this aim.

H. Kress. Oxford.

Nusco is formed on the analogy of migo, tigo, and sigo, which are always used in the double con- junctive forms conmigo, with me ; contigo, with thee ; and consigo, with him, her, orit. See the ‘Dictionary’ of the Academia, which does not, I see, recognize nusco. Why not nosco, I wonder? One need not go so far back as the ‘ Decameron’ for appo, which is a pretty common word, and certainly represents apud. Your correspondent will find it in Baretti’s ‘ Dictionary,’ and also in the ‘ Dizionario della Crasca.

Pujanza in Spanish is not an uncommon word. The Academy ‘Dictionary’ renders it potentia, vigor; and pujar, from whence it comes, as eniti, conari. Henry H. Gisss.

St. Dunstan’s.

Taz Oxew or Ipnicces (7* §, vii. 168, 276,433). —The expression “Quid hoc ad Iphicli boves?” occurs in a letter addressed by Thomas Barlow, Bishop of Lincoln (1675-1692), “To the Reverend Mr. John Goodwin, minister of God’s word in Coleman-street.” The date given is September, 1651, but no name is subscribed. The letter is printed in the ‘ Remains of Thomas Hearne,’ second edition, vol. iii. p. 200, and is said to be found in & very scarce book, ‘The Genuine Remains of that Learned Prelate Dr. Thomas Barlow, late Lord Bishop of Lincoln.’ It was printed for ‘John Danton at the Raven in the Poultery, 1693.” Hearne, whose pen was always dipped in gall, says of the bishop, “ For as for Barlowe, be was a Cal- Vinistical trimming divine, and tho’ a man of great reading, yet of but little judgment.” A note on p. 204, vol. iii., adds, “ For Goodwin’s answer

see his ‘ Pagan’s Debt and Dowry,’ Lond., 1651.” But this brings us no nearer the origin of the say- ing, though it seems to have been one in common use, Joun Picxrorp, M.A.

Newbourne Rectory, Woodbridge.

Garter Famity (7" §. vii. 449).—In reply to this query, Margaret Kelland was the daughter of William Kelland, of Lapford, co. Devon, and sister of Richard Kelland, Esq., of Eastington, in the said parish, and was executrix of her brother’s will, proved in 1718, and of that of his widow, Mary (Quicke), of Morchard Bishop, proved in 1739. She married in 1708 William, son of Robert Gater, of Mill House, Lapford, and had issue. The Rev. William Gater, M.A., Sidney Sussex College, Cambridge, died 1770. His son, William Gater, of the city of Exeter, married Isabella Anne, daughter of Edward Holwell, whose daughter, Anne Hol- well Gater, married, first, in 1822, William Danby, Esq , of Swinton Park, Yorkshire ; and, secondly, in 1838, Admiral Octavius Vernon Harcourt, who died s.p. 1863. A pedigree of Gater appeared in the Western Antiquary in, I think, 1884.

Cuas. Wortay.

Exeter.

Fertiptace Fairy (7" §, vii. 443; viii. 33).— H. C. F. seems to have made some mistakes in his remarks respecting the Fettiplace document. He says that the deed was “made on the marriage of Sir John Fettiplace, Kat., and Elizabeth Carew”; but the indenture alludes to the marriage of Sir Thomas Fettiplace to Elizabeth Carew, a marriage which does appear in the Heralds’ Visitations and county histories. Then H. C. F. asks, “ Is anything known of Sir Richard Harcote?” but the inden- ture, so far as quoted, only alludes to “Sir Symon Hare’cote.” And, thirdly, H. C. F. asks, “ Was Thomas Baldwin the same person as Sir Thomas Baldwin of Aylesbury?” The indenture only alludes to “John” Baldyn. Sir Richard Carew was descended from Nicholas Carew, progenitor of the Carews of Beddington, in Surrey.

Sir Thomas Fettiplace died 1523. Sir Nicholas Carew, his father-in-law, was Master of the Horse and K.G. temp. Henry VIII. John Baldwyn is mentioned amongst those for whose souls the alms- men of the almshouses founded by William Fetti- place, brother of Sir Thomas, were directed to pray.

Constance

Swallowfield Park, Reading.

Tar or THE Tipe (7 §. vii. 408, 474). —If by this question the examiner meant the Gulf Stream, as the two answers in ‘N. & Q.’ seem to indicate, then the question is muddle-headed and most misleading, for the two phenomena are proro et puppis different. If he had asked, “ What is the source of the Gulf Stream?” I am persuaded

that every boy in the seventh and sixth standards

9. der, the his y in G. K, Deen e of Rod first bris- ffers ond an’s 3 141, the rith- a ility rate = 245 ; xty. Tri- yer), was by at j nce vell A ir. snd dis for the the re. ere ow at. |

52 NOTES AND QUERIES.

(7% 8, VIII. 20 "89,

would have held out his hand, as they had been well drilled on that subject; but the great tidal wave and the Gulf Stream are widely different things. Probably the great tidal wave is due to the motion of the moon in its orbit, which causes @ vacuum in her wake, and a corresponding con- densation of air in the van, this vacuum and condensation relieving the atmospheric pressure behind, and increasing it before the moon. To this attraction may also somewhat contribute. But the great Gulf Stream is due to the heated water of the Gulf of Mexico. A pressure of cold water from the east side of the Antarctic drives indirectly towards the gulf, and the hot undercurrent circu- lates in a very irregular course through the Atlantic up to the North Sea; but to call this “‘the tide” is most misleading. Even had the questioner meant the Gulf Stream, to call the rush of cold water from the South Polar Sea the “cradle” is objectionable. If “cradle” at all, the Gulf of Mexico creates the current, as the heat of the fire creates the currents of air along the floor up the chimney. Such questions ought to be frowned down. If this is meant by “cradle of the tide,” the phrase might pass muster with a third-rate poet, but as a serious question of physical geo- graphy it is objectionable in every respect. Copuam Brewer.

Cuestnots (7" §, vi. 407, 436 ; vii. 52, 392).— The following cutting from an issue of this year gives an American version; and the word, as ap- plied to a joke, would appear to be of probable American origin :—

“ What is the reason an old joke is called a ‘ chestnut’? It is a corruption of the old saying ‘jest not.” When a man told a story too old and familiar to be funny, some one said to him, ‘Jest not,’ meaning that the story had no longer any point of interest, and to tell it was to jest with his hearers. This ‘jest not’ has become corrupted into ‘chestnut.’ Such is the best information we can gather on the subject.”—Louisville Western Recorder.

Joun J. Srockey.

16, Montague Street, W.C.

THREADNEEDLE Srreet (7" §, vii. 368, 478).— The word thrid, mentioned at the latter reference, occurs in the following passage of ‘In Memoriam,’ published in 1850 :—

He thrids the labyrinth of the mind, He reads the secret of the star, He seems so near and yet so far, He looks so cold: she thinks him kind.—xev. Joun Picxrorp, M.A. Newbourne Rectory, Woodbridge.

Jostanu Cumpertand Poems (7* §, vii. 444).—Relph is not so completely forgotten as Mr. Bovcuier supposes. He is a Cumberland worthy, and as such is remembered in the North. Miss Powley, of Langworthy, herself a Cumberland worthy, had often something of interest to say about him, not only in her private letters, but (if

I recollect rightly) in her contributions to ‘N. & Q’ with the signature of “M.P.” There is a

of his ‘ Miscellany of Poems,’ edition 1747, in the Manchester Free Library, and the library of the English Dialect Society contains both an imperfect copy of that edition and also a complete edition of his “Poems. With the Life of the Author. Em- bellished with Pict ue Engravings on Wood, by Mr. T. Bewick, of Newcastle,” published at Carlisle in 1798. I have a copy of one or other of these editions, but I cannot now find it.

Miss Powley’s ‘Echoes of Old Cumberland’ (1875) contains some memorial verses of hers on Relph, and an interesting note, seven pages long, about his poems. Her verses were reproduced during the same year in Mr. “Sidney Gilpin,” his ‘Popular Poetry of Cumberland and the Lake Country,’ in the preface to which book Miss Powley’s note on Relph is referred to, and certain particulars as to Relph are given, including a copy of his will and an inventory of his goods. The book itself contains six of Relph’s poems, and these are preceded by an account of Relpb, written by Robert Southey, who says that “the life of this interesting man has been written with much feel- ing by his countryman the late learned Mr. Boucher,” and quotes from the same, and men- tions Hutchinson’s ‘History of Cumberiand’ as the place where the life is to be found. The first series, too, of Mr. “Sidney Gilpin,” his ‘Songs and Ballads of Cumberland and the Lake Coun- try’ (1874), contains five poems of Relph’s, all of them different from those given in the Fie ne Poetry.’ A. J.

“ How MUCH THE WIFE IS DEARER,” &c. (7" 8. vii. 508).—This is the last line of a poem by Lord Lyttelton, entitled “An Irregular Ode. Written at Wickham in 1746,” and addressed to Miss Lucy Fortescue. Epwarp H. Marsatt, M.A.

Hastings.

(7" §. viii. 9).—The Bible about which O. S. inquires was printed at Amsterdam by Stephen Swart. Some copies of this edition have name and place, others are without either, but the text is exactly the same in both. It is not at all rare, and of no interest or value whatever. J. R. Dore.

Huddersfield.

[Will O, 8. send address? We have a letter for him.)

Crvssine (7* §, vii. 348, 373, 453).—Mr. Warp is mistaken as to the technical meaning of this word. A line forced or driven in would not ordinarily be described by soldiers as being “‘ clubbed.” On the barrack square men are said to be “ clubbed” when they are made to execute a manwuvre which has the unintended effect of altering the individual order in which they were originally formed. Wedg- ing or massing is by no means a necessary conse-

& a.

| qe ‘ mI 47

H N

ARS sat |

7% 8, VIII, 20, '89.)

NOTES AND QUERIES.

quence. The original formation is simply “ turned in upon itself.” An example would savour too much of the drill-book. GUALTERULUS.

Youncer or Haccerston (7" §. vii. 408, 477).—Adams, in his ‘Index Villaris,’ gives Haggerston as in the hundred of Islam, county of Northumberland, lat. 55°44; long. W. 1°19.

Henry H. Gisss,

St, Dunstans,

REGARDING THE Mass §. vi. 506; vii. 154, 235, 318, 471).—Mr. F. A. Marsnaty is very wrathfully “astonished” at some state- ments of mine concerning the mass and the cele- bration thereof. And his communication on the subject leaves me in no less astonishment respect- ing sundry points of it.

In the first place I am “astonished” at hearing —or rather seeing—a member of his Church speak- ing of “we Roman Catholics”! I have always understood and found that members of his Church especially object to be called Roman Catholics, and feel it offensive to be addressed as such. It is true that my conversation with members of that Church in England had been very small; but with English and Italian Catholics in Italy it has been very large—with an invariable experience to the above effect. The offensiveness of the phrase “ Roman Catholic” in the mouth of a Protestant of course consists in the implication that the speaker is also a Catholic of another sort—that the person of whom or to whom he is speaking is a Catholic of the Roman school, as the speaker is of the Anglican or some other school; whereas it is absolutely essential to the Roman Catholic to maintain that there neither are nor can be any Catholics save the members of his Church. Of course Anglicans can have no difficulty in admitting that Romanists are Catholics; and there would seem to be no good reason for becoming offensive to them by insisting on terming them Roman Catholics, save when it is necessary to protest against the expressed or implied assumption that they are Catholics ar’

They, on the other hand, are bound to call and consider us as heretics. And surely in objecting to be so called we resemble the cabman who, on being told that he was an individual, retorted with much anger on his accuser that “he was another.”

t is, we accept the deprecatory sense wrong- fully given by our adversaries to a qualification which really belongs to us, but which, as we ought to maintain, can have no such depreciatory sense legitimately attached to it. Did we not, indeed,

for ourselves, instead of accepting as given to i authority, those doctrines which have sepa- us from other Catholics? Was not this our

taking an aipecis ? With regard to the word mass, Mr. F. A. Mar-

SHALL can, I think, hardly suppose that I do not know that it is merely the word missa,as pronounced in the formula “ Ite missa est.” But perhaps it may not have occurred to him that the question as to the proper meaning of the word may be reduced to the very simple one, What substantive does the feminine past-participle missa agree with in that sentence ?

There are sundry other points on which my cen- sor’s communication astonishes me nota little. But as I am a poor lay heretic, and my censor is a Catholic, and, as he chooses to call himself, a Roman Catholic, to Rome let him go ; or rather, to save him the trouble of doing so, I have gone to Rome for him (by writing), and when ‘‘ Roma locuta est” you and he shall hear from me again.

T. AvotpHus

Budleigh Salterton.

Date or Garrick’s Birata (7" vii. 447).— The ‘ Thespian Dictionary,’ 1802, states that Gar- rick was born in the year 1717, not 1716, as the date is given by many other authorities.

J. F. Manserou.

Liverpool.

Heraxvic Kyors (7 §. vii. 448).—According to Cussans knots of silk cord entwined in different ways were adopted as heraldic devices at an early period, the Stafford knot of the Duke of Bucking- ham being used in the fourteenth contury, as also the Bourchier one of the Fitzwarrens. Knots gener- ally serve as badges or crests, and rarely as charges upon the shield.

Planché enumerates the knots borne by ten families, commencing with the beautiful form that appears upon the robe of Anne of Bohemia at Westminster resembling the letter A.

The Wake and Ormonde knot (to which your correspondent more particularly refers) represesents a W intersecting two O's, and is now borne by the family as a crest.

Mrs. Bury Palliser, in ‘ Historic Devices, Badges, and War Cries,’ mentions the Order of the Knot instituted in 1252 by Louis of Tarento (the second husband of Queen Joanna). The badge was of silk, gold, and pearls, tied upon the arm as a knot, and those who were invested with it made a vow to untie the knot at Jerusalem.

The Stafford knot is in the form of two S’s, and is still retained as a badge, and also appears on the rolling-stock of the North Stafford Railway as the well-known cognizance of that company.

The Bourchier knot forms two B’s, with some- times the water bouget added. John Berners, the second Lord Bourchier, took as his badge the knotted branch of a tree twisted into the family knot, which makes a most picturesque and striking adornment.

The Harrington knot is a fret or mesh of a fish- ing-net, in allusion to the seaport town of Herring-

53 if l a 3

54 NOTES AND QUERIES.

(7 8, VIII. 20,

ton, Cumberland, from which the family derive their name. The motto is ‘‘ Nodo firmo,” with a firm knot.

The Hungerfords used a golden sheaf or garbe, banded gules, and entwined with the golden sickle of the Peverells, which was acquired by marriage.

The house of Savoy adopted the true-lovers’ knot, with the motto “ Stringe ma non constringe,” meaning it binds but not constrains.

The Dacre badge is their escallop-shell united by a silken cord to the ragged staff of the Nevilles, probably in reference to the union of the families, or — denoting descent from the Bourchiers. It forms a most graceful combination with depend- ing tassels.

The Lacy knot re nted in Planché’s book is = from a shield in Whalley Abbey and is a re

The Bowen knot forms four loops or bows.

The Heneage knot is heart-shaped, and the motto “ Fast though untied,” and Planché considers this is simply a personal device of Sir Thomas Heneage.

I would just mention a rebus of Rose Knotwing that appeared upon stained glass in an old house at Islington, and consisted of a rose, a knot, and a

wing. Boutell says the Stafford knot is repeated again

and again on a slab in St. Edmund’s Chapel, West-

minster, {to the memory of John Paul Howard,

1762. J. Water Orton.

i communications to the same purport are nowledged. }

Buruineton : St. Srepney’s, WALBROOK, AND Travian (7" §. vii. 469).—Jesse’s anecdote, vol. ii. (not iii.) p. 384, is so exquisitely ben trovato that it would have been a pity if it had been lost to us by correction of style. But if we seek for the vero of it I fear it will be in vain, I have not time to sift the dates with the care neces- sary to enable one to pronounce authoritatively, bat if the following rough statement is correct, the story is impossible. The Act of Parliament for the erection of the fifty new churches, of which St. Stephen’s, Walbrook, is one, was passed in 1709. Lord Burlington was in Italy about 1715. Now, even allowing that St. Stephen’s was built somewhat in anticipation of the Act, and that Lord Burlington went to Italy a second time, there would, even so, hardly have been time for the de- sign of St. Stephen’s to become sufficiently known to be heard of and then reproduced in Italy.

For another point, Fergusson (‘ Hist. of Archi- tecture,’ 1873, iv. 306) happens to make the state- ment, when describing St. Stephen’s, Walbrook,

pretending to lead, it follows Italian ideas. It is true that hardly any one has written about it without reproducing the inflated praise of an anonymous writer in the Critical Review to the effect that “‘ perhaps” (that saving “ perhaps” is lucky) ‘‘Italy itself can produce no modern building which can vie with it in taste and pro- portions,” and each writer fancies himself qualified to base on this pronouncement still further adula- tion. Yet the proposition as it stands, in its far- reaching comprehensiveness, is too monstrous to deserve a moment’s consideration.

If we even charitably read it with the gloss that though “ buildings” is said, it is only intended to draw into the comparison churches, and, further, only domed churches with specially remarkable interiors, and also no larger in size—for there is no lack of “ buildings” in Italy, and out of it, that would crush poor St. Stephen’s in the dust— yet when we have fined down the comparison by all these limitations, I can name, at the least, half a dozen churches within these conditions in Rome alone with no one of which it can vie: (1) 8. Agnese in Piazza Navona, (2) Sta. Martina, (3) &. Andrea al Quirinale, (4) 8S. Carlo a’ Catinari, (5) S. Andrea Corsini (chapel in S. John Lateran), (6) Sta. Maria della Pace.* The one of them all with which St. Stephen’s would doubtless most desire to compete, though left far behind in the race, is the so-called church of the Pace. People go to the Pace to look at Raffaelle’s Sibyls, and for the most part have no time left to observe the exquisite lines of the building. I cannot myself concede to St. Stephen’s that it approaches it nearly enough to say it is copied from it, but there is little doubt that the lines of the Pace suggested those of St. Stephen’s.

But leaving odious comparisons aside (supra, p. 9), St. Stephen’s, Walbrook, is unquestion- ably one of the most creditable bits of architecture in London. Its columns, though elegant, have the common northern fault of looking “ stalky” to eyes used to the solidity of Roman building; but their arrangement supplies a commenda effort towards obtaining that complication and mystery of lines which a divine temple ought to present, and which is so generally wanting in testant edifices.

It is greatly to be regretted that it is so unfor- tunately situated ; first, so far from the ordinary walk of cultivated people, and secondly, so sunk amid inferior buildings.

* Compared with these the following churches are second rate, and yet are good enough to show that, up to the present century at all events, Italy did not need to come to England to obtain inspiration for her archi- tects: (1) Sta. Maria di Loreto, (2) the Trinita de’ Pelle-

that “no architect has ever copied it.” Again, any one can see for himself that what

gives St. Stephen’s its beauty is that, far from | Maria Scala Coli, (7) 8, Spirito in Sassia,

grini, (3) Sta. Catarina a Magnanapoli, (4) Sta. Maria di Monte Santo, (5) Sta. Maria de’ Fornaci, (6) Sta

ats

R di m | ch st bi el m et ( ce | | It ne 8e la th be aD | we in

8, VILL Juxy 20, '89.]

NOTES AND QUERIES. 55

The extraordinary effects to be observed in the Roman Pantheon from different points of view, at different times of the year and day, have always made me feel that that building has a more unique character than anything else in Rome, and the study of it led me on to the study of other domed buildings, and more particularly those which have emulated its lines* (as St. Stephen’s in very far off measure does), and it was thus [ made acquaintance with St, Stephen’s, Walbrook ; but I never met any anprofessional person who had visited it and few who have even heard of its merits,

I further thus came across two such modern emulations, which, though built in the disastrous (for art) period between 1817 and 1838—S. Fran- cesco de Paola, at Naples, and S. Carlo, at Milan —both of which far outvie St. Stephen’s “in pro- portions,” though confessedly not “‘in taste”; for at that date where was taste ? R. H. Boss.

16, Montagu Street, Portman Square.

Crans S. vii. 308, 417).—Here are a few more references to “clan,” as applied to Scottish Lowland or English Border families, from Scott's works and the Border Ballads :—

And others weened that it was nought But Leven Clans or Tynedale men Who came to gather in black-mail. * Lay of the Last Minstrel,’ iii, 31. "Vails not to tell each hardy clan From the fair Middle Marches came. 4. There was mounting mong Graemes of the Netherby clan. * Marmion’ (“ Lochinvar "’), canto v. Aod many a rugged Border clan With Huntly and with Home. vi. 26.

In “The Sang of the Outlaw Marray,” in the‘ Min- strelsy of the Scottish Border,’ the supposed date of which is the reign of James V., the king (uncertain which) says, with atouch of humour, to the Buccleuch of the day, who had the “cheek” to accuse Murray of living by “‘ reif and felonie”:—

Now had [hold] thy tongue, Sir Walter Scott, Nor speak of reif nor felonie ; For, had every honest man his awin [own] kye, A right puir clan thy name wad be ! It is amusing to thiok of an antipodean or Poly- hesian commentator two thousand years hence, seeing the familiar name Sir Walter Scott in the last passage, cudgelling his brains to conceive how the author of ‘ Marmion’ and ‘ Ivanhoe’ could have been addicted to “lifting” other folk’s cattle !

I think these examples, with the others which I quoted in my former note, are sufficient to satisfy any one that he may apply the term “clan ” to non- Highland septs with a clear conscience.

JonaTHan Bovucuier.

* Some particulars of which, too long to go into here, were embodied in an illustrated paper on the Pantheon in No, lxxxiii. of the Art Journal, November, 1868.

The query of Mr. Eaton is answered by Walter Scott, himself a very good authority on the subject. He says, in his ‘ Tales of a Grandfather ’:—

“ How clanship came to prevail in the Highlands and Borders, and not in the provinces which separated them from each other (that is, the Lowlands), it is not easy to conjecture, but the fact was so,”

Having no English edition of the work at hand, I am obliged to refer Mr. Eaton to a good French one: ‘Walter Scott, Récits d’un Grand-pére,’ Extraits par Alfred Legrand, Quantin, Paris, p. 112. DNARGEL.

Pari.

Mock Mayor or (7" §. vii. 468, 516).—There is reason to believe that mock mayors were not uncommon previous to the passing of the Municipal Corporations Reform Act of 1835. The custom was certainly kept up with great enthusiasm at Newcastle-upon-Tyne, as well as at the Staffordshire borough of the same name, Considerable preparation was made by the boys to do honour to the occasion, or rather, perhaps, to make a good profit of it. A chair— something like an open sedan—was provided for the youthful “ mayor,” who was gaily rigged out with ribbons, feathers, and a cocked hat, and he was preceded and followed by a complete staff of mock officials, macebearers, sword bearers, serjeants, and marshalmen; in which magnifience he paraded the street, while his trusty friends collected the offerings of a not unsympathetic public; for the ancient corporation was self-elected, and like most other bodies of the same kind was as inept as it was arrogant. The civic magnates, however, had good sense enough totake the satire upon them pleasantly. A painting of the boys’ pageant, executed about 1830 by a local artist, was purchased by the Cor- poration for the decoration of the mansion house. An engraving of the picture was also published, but is now very scarce. Turning to another part of the kingdom, a mock mayor was elected annually at Randwick, in Gloucestershire, and another at Weston, one of the suburbs of Bath, apparently as a protest against the exclusion of the village from the privileges of the city. Joun Latimer. Bristol.

Famity viii. 7).—Consult the East Anglian, or ‘Notes and Queries’ for the counties of Suffolk, Norfolk, Cambridge, and Essex, vol. iv. pp. 66, 219, 273.

Everarp Home CoLemay.

71, Brecknock Road.

“Proup Preston,” Lancasnire (7* 8. vii. 428).—In the ‘Tour thro’ Great Britain’ (ed. 1753) it is said of Preston:—

Tho’ there is no Manufacture, the Town, being honoured with the Court of Chancery, and the Officers of Justice for Lancaster, is full of Gentlemen, Attorneys,

j = Ps iy

NOTES AND QUERIES.

(78, VIII, Jury 20,

Proctors, and Notaries, the Process of Law being here of a different Nature from that in other Places, by reason that it is a Duchy and County Palatine, and has particu- lar Privileges of its own...... The People are gay here, tho’ not perhaps the richer for that; but it bas on this Account obtained the Name of Proud Preston ” (vol. iii, p. 251).

It is stated in the ‘British Traveller’ (1784) that the situation of Preston “ being healthy and plea- sant, those of small fortunes chuse it as a place of retirement” (p. 468). Very soon, however, after this was published, “ the character and pursuits of the town...... underwent an important change.” In 1786 indications of trade began to show them- selves ; in 1791 Mr. John Horrocks came to reside, and commenced business in Preston, and ‘‘ the manufacturing” soon became its ‘* predominant interest.” The population, which had for a long period prior to 1780 remained stationary at about 6,000, began to rapidly increase, and in 1821 amounted to 24,000. The initials P. P. in the arms of the town = Princeps pacis, and they were carved, together with the Paschal Lamb, &c., over the entrance to the old Town Hall. See Baines’s * Lancashire,’ s. v. “ Preston,” and ‘ Account of the Borough of Preston,’ by M. Tulket, 0.S.B. (P. Whittle). According to the latter work some of the old leaven of pride still remained in the breasts of the Prestonians at the time of its pub- lication in 1821.

In — to the old rhyme, as I remember it, the words were :—

Proud Preston, poor people,

Built a church, and no steeple, During the last century Preston had only two Church of England places of worship. One of them was built in 1723, and so far as I can gather it does not appear to have had anything in the shape of a steeple. J. Mansereu. Liverpool.

“ People” and ‘‘ steeple” have very often been made to rhyme. We have in the north of Lincoln- ~ Gainsbro’ roud le 4 Built a an old steeple ; an — ‘ Luddington, poor people Built a new church to an old steeple. There are many more such jingles which I cannot now call to mind. Epwarp Peacock. Bottesford Manor, Brigg.

In answer to Grateysis’s query whether this town still enjoys the characteristics ascribed it in Bishop Pocock’s travels through England temp. 1734-1757, as “ subsisting chiefly by being a great thoroughfare, by families of middling fortune living in it, and noted for the number of old maids, because these families will not ally with trades- men, and have not sufficient fortunes for gentle- men,” I write to say that the town is still an important thoroughfare, the London and North-

Western with the Lancashire and Yorkshire rail- ways owning, perhaps, the largest station, with warehouses and approaches, out of the metropolis, The great local industry is cotton manufacture ; the old and famous firm of Horrocks, Miller & Co. stil] flourishes in its midst. ‘‘ Families of middling fortune ” are not extinct, nor without that species of pride which marks off the genteel from the gentle, Old maids are not greatly in evidence; perhaps the gilding of King Cotton makes trades- men more eligible, or the young maidens too good- looking to be resisted.

The P. P. under the arms of the town (the Holy Lamb) gave rise, probably, to the term ‘‘ Proud Preston.” The old lines run right, except the third, this is—

High church and low steeple. Preston has ever been a Tory stronghold, true to the old faith and the house of Stuart. The late Lord Beaconsfield, on being introduced to a local alderman, asked, ‘‘ Are there any Jacobites left in Preston A. H. 8.

Preston.

Cainstay S. viii. 8).—What more appro- priate word would Bortgav ask to express a com- press for the throat tied on over the head ?

Pore (7 S. v. 288 [see also ‘ Homer,’ 7* S. v. 305]).—Mr. W. J. Courthope has kindly favoured me with the following replies to the queries re- ferred to above, to which I had called his atten- tion:—

Pope.— I have never entertained any doubt that the lines in Johnson's ‘ Life,’ to which you refer [“ While many a merry tale,” &c. }, were written by Johnson himself as a kind of parody on Pope's lines about Sisyphus. Johnson was fond of illustrating his own points by rather point- less parodies ; ¢. g., when he wanted to ridicule the he posed) triviality of the ballad style he thought it cient to make an impromptu:—

I put my hat upon my head, And walked into the Strand, And there I met another man Whose hat was in his hand. I quote from memory, but the above are somewhere in swell’s ‘ Life.’) The lines in Pope’s ‘Life’ are, of course, more elaborately finished, but as an argument they are almost equally pointless,”

Homer.—“1 think it very likely, as you suggest, that the more polished epigram which you quote is an im- provement of Heywood’s rough one. But it is not Pope’s; at any rate there is no evidence to raise such a pre- sumption, All Pope’s leavings were raked together by countless collectors after his death, and many epigrams which were not his were ascribed to him; but I have — heard that the one you cite was ever supposed to

is.

Bexley.

Sir Caristorner Wren vii. 407, 477). —The house in which Sir Christopher Wren by local tradition carried on his office during the re-

Joun Symonps.

me aa.

to ate cal in

7?

NOTES AND QUERIES. 57

building of St. Paul’s still exists in Bankside, though somewhat altered. It is now in the occupa- tion of the Hydraulic Company, whose engine- house covers the garden from which it is said the architect daily watched the progress of his great work across the river. This is a fine old house, such as one would hardly expect to find in such a neighbourhood as it is, surrounded by factories, iron dealers, and engineering shops. The address is Falcon Wharf, Holland — S.E.

RecimenTaL BapdcE oF THE 63RD Foor (7* §. vii, 188, 254, 355). —If I remember aright I think it was in the churchyard of St. John’s, Jersey, that on one occasion I observed an old tombstone having on it what appeared at first sight to be resemblances of certain insects, “ unmentionable to ears polite,” carved on the stone. On examination these proved to be time-worn representations of the armorial bearings of the Luce family, and the sculptor had intended them for fleurs de lys. It strikes me that this resemblance in form between the insect and the heraldic flower has given rise to the sobri- quet of ‘ Bloodsuckers,” which is sometimes be- stowed on the gallant corps now known as the Ist Battalion Manchester Regiment.

Srewart Parrerson,

ino Chaplain H.M. Forces.

rk,

Wiyp or A Cannon-Batt vii. 426).— I know an officer who was affected by the wind of a cannon-ball in the Crimean war. He left the service and took Holy Orders. He told me that he never perfectly recovered from the shock, but felt the effects for years afterwards. E. Leaton

Festivat or Trivity §, vii. 370, 456).— This festival seems to be older than the papacy of Gregory the Great. According to Dr. Knauz (loc. cit.) in a fifteenth-century MS. it is said to have been instituted in the reign of Charlemagne. It was introduced in the diocese of Litzge by Bishop Stephen as early as a.p. 920. L. L. K.

Ornerwise (7 §. vii. 370, 515).—It is doubt- the use made of it in Record Latin which has established alias in the sense of “ otherwise.” The constant recurrence of such entries as ‘“ Johannes firemantell, alias dictus Piper” (Close Roll, 1427), and “Arnaldus Hewster, alias dictus Doxty” (ibid., 1455), led in time to the dropping of “ dictus ” as inconveniently long, and the alias was then used alone in the old sense. It would be difficult to alter it now, after ceaturies of prescription. HERMENTRUDE. or (7® §. vii. 309, 398). —Y.S. M. asks when the sovereign invests any — with the insignia of an order of knight- » does it not follow as a matter of course

knighthood ? A few months ago I was present at an investiture of the Orders of the Star of India and of the Indian Empire which was held at Cal- cutta by the Viceroy of India in his capacity of Grand Master of those Orders. Each of the English Knight Commanders of the Indian Empire, after he had been invested with the insignia of the order, received the accolade from Lord Lansdowne; but this ceremony was omitted in the case of the native chiefs and nobles who were admitted to the order. It is, of course, customary to add the prefix “ Sir” to the appellations of these gentlemen, and the names of Sir Salar Jang, Sir Madhava Rao, and others are familiar to English ears ; but they have no right to the title, and it is omitted in the official lists.

I am not sure if the Sultan of Turkey and the Shah of Persia, when they were invested with the Garter by Her Majesty, received the accolade; but properly speaking that portion of the ceremonial should, I believe, be reserved for Christians alone.

The prelate or dean of an order, though invested with the insignia, is not a knight, and does not, therefore, receive the accolade. It would have been contrary to rule for an ecclesiastic, like Dr. Cameron Lees, to receive the honour of knighthood, notwithstanding his investiture with the insignia which properly pertain to his position as Dean of the Order of the Thistle. W. F. Pripeavx.

Jaipur, Rajputana.

Quotes (7 §, vii. 505).—This is not a new substantive. It was added to Johnson by Todd and finds its place in Webster and the ‘ Imperial Dictionary.’ Cotgrave is the authority given in each instance. KILiicREw.

“ Your WITS ARE GONE WOOL-GATHERING ” (7 S. vii. 370; viii. 17).—I hope this matter will not be allowed to pass without a more distinct assertion of the fact that wool-gathering was not very lo ago a common practice in pastoral districts, an was not “the most beggarly of all employments.” I have known substantial farmers who did not disdain to go out of their way for the purpose of picking wool off the thorns and hedges ; and the wool thus gleaned was found very useful, along with the ‘ beltings” of sheep, for stuffing horse- collars, cushions, mattresses, &c. In earlier times, before the spinning-wheel was abolished, and that “household note of industry” was stilled for ever— when, moreover, wool was dear and hard to be come by unless one had sheep of one’s own—the wool so procured would be of considerable service to cot- tagers for spinning into blankets ; and it is quite a mistake to suppose that our proverb has any con- temptuous intention. It refers rather to the wide and irregular range of such wanderings as the wool- gatherer’s. In parishes like my own, where there were acres of gorse-bushes, and the hedges were

that he must, ipso facto, receive the honour of

4

i

rth

the

ing

vies

the

ce;

es-

od-

oly

ud

; +

at

it ; 4

4 |

58 NOTES AND QUERIES.

(7 VIII. Juxy 20,

mostly allowed to run wild, a da spent in this employment, however “unprofitable” your corre- spondents may think it, would have yielded no an

Mr. Bucktey seems to doubt whether children were ever employed gathering the locks of wool from the hedges and bushes. There can be no doubt about the fact, as in the earlier part of this century, when everything in the shape of clothing - was high in price, and at a still later period while the price of wool was kept up, previous to the great importations of foreign and colonial wool, the scraps left on the bushes by the passing sheep were care- fully collected. In a well-known tract, called ‘ The Shepherd of Salisbury Plain,’ which had a large circulation, it is particularly mentioned that even the very young children could be usefully employed in gathering the locks of wool found on the bramble bushes and thorns, which wool was carded and spun during the winter evenings and made into stockings. No doubt many other illustrations of the subject could be easily procured were it necessary to go farther into the matter. Georce C. Boasz.

36, James Street, Buckingham Gate, 8. W.

Miniature (7" §, vii. 468, 495).—Dororay will find four miniatures by Nathaniel Plimer in the Miniature Exhibiton at the Burlington Fine-Arts Club. G. F. R. B.

Paices or Jacopean Quartoss (7" §, vii. 504). —There is some slight evidence to show that six- pence was an ordinary price for a play published in the early years of the seventeenth century. The 1609 quarto of ‘ Troilus and Cressida’ has an intro- ductory epistle, wherein the reader is invited to think his “ testerne well bestow’d.” The address to the reader prefixed to John Day’s ‘Law Trickes,’ 1608, ends thus: ‘‘ Farewell. Thine or any mans

for a testar.” Geo. L. Apperson. Wimbledon.

Paionton (7* §. vii. 509).—Surely the etymo- logy of Paignton is from pain and town. Pain is a very common name, and is merely the same word as F. paien, Lat. paganus, a villager. That the word came over with William J. admits of proof ; for the derivative paisnime, out of which we have made paynim, occurs in the ‘ Laws of Will. I.,’ $41; where the silent s merely helps to lengthen the preceding #,a common Old French peculiarity. A ‘villager ” is much more likely than ‘‘ the bloom of fruit” to have built a town. Moreover, the spelling Paign is due to a reminiscence of the g in paganus. Water W. Sear.

It is difficult to imagine anything less judicious than Mr. Lrwn’s assertion that the Welsh pain, pollen or bloom, has anything to do with this name. Apart from the triviality of the substance sup-

posed to confer the name, there is hardly anythi more rare than to find ancient shavanaak hing pounded of Celtic and Teutonic words. Of course without consulting early forms of the name it is dan- gerous to hazard suggestion as to its origin, but as Mr. Lywy says it used to be written Paington, it is hard to believe that it is not simply the A.-S. peneg ttn, penny farm, which appears in various places in the north as Pennytown. The “ penny land” was an ancient form of land measarement. Hersert Maxwe tt.

(Mr, Rateu Nevitt, F.S.A., and the Rev. E.

SHALL support the view expressed by Prov. Sxear. }

Serva (7" vii. 507).—The name is certainly

a modern one. I have noted hundreds of curious

names (both Christian and surname) from 1200 to

1576, and have never during that time met with one instance of Selina in any variety of spelling. HERMENTRUDE.

Sir Caartes Caristopaer Pepys (7* §. vii, 389, 436, 474).—I have recently seen an engraving of this Lord Chancellor by H. T. Ryall after the original by C. R. Leslie, R.A., “ in the possession of William Russell, Esq., Accountant-General.” The engraving was dedicated to the owner of the original, and was published (or republished) by Thos. Boys in the year 1853. The picture shows the chancellor in his robes, and is a fine portrait. I cannot say who now s the original. There is no doubt an account of Lord Cottenham in Lord Campbell’s ‘ Lives of the Lord Chancellors,’

ALPHA.

Campbell, in his eighth volume of the ‘ Lives of the Chancellors,’ gives a few references to Lord Cot- tenham, saying that he was an “ excellent Equity Judge, but could not put two sentences together in the House of Lords.” The Times of Sept. 4, 1841, devotes a long article to his merits, although opposed to his politics. The diarist was descended from a younger branch of his family (Foss, ‘ Judges of England,’ ix. 239). De V. Paren-Parve.

Tovr’s Lisrary §. viii. 29).—This library was sold by Leigh & Sotheby, not in 1784, as stated by Mr. Warp, but in 1786, May 10 and following days. It was a six days’ sale; but Toup’s books occupied only about half the cata- logue, the large collection of Spanish books and MSS. which followed being the property of another person. F, N.

[Other replies are sent to the eame effect. )

‘Rattus THe Reerer’ §. vii. 486).—There can be no doubt as to this story having been written by Lieut. Edward Howard, R.N., who died in 1842, and was also the author of ‘The Old Com- modore’ and several other works of naval fiction, upon the title-page of which is inscribed, by the ** Author of ‘ Rattlin the Reefer.’” The story ap-

eo

7 8, VIII, 20,

NOTES AND QUERIES.

originally, I believe, in vty of the Metropolitan Magazine, then edi by Capt. Marryat, so in this sense it was correct enough to say that it was edited by him ; and no doubt float- ing it under his well-known name and auspices secured for it a sale when issued in book form. It came out in 1838 in three volumes, illustrated by Hervieu. There is a portrait of the author in the New Monthly Magazine, with a facsimile of his

autograph.

Recently I saw in a bookseller’s catalogue, ‘Peter Priggins, College Scout and Bedmaker,’ described as written or edited by Theodore Hook. Un- doubtedly this story did appear in the pages of the New Monthly Magazine, then edited by Theo- dore Hook, but it was really written by the Rev. J. S. H. Hewlett, M.A, master of Abingdon School. Most likely this was also issued under the wing of a great name, and for the same pur- pose, to obtain an enlarged sale.

Joun Pickrorp, M.A.

Newbourne Rectory, Woodbridze.,

Miscellaneous.

NOTES ON BOOKS, &o.

A Dialogue against Feuer and Pestilence, By William Bullein, Edited by Mark W. Bullen and A. H, Bullen. Part I, Extra Series, LII. (Early English Text Society. )

The Anatomie of the Bodie of Man. By Thomas Vicary. Edited by F. J. Furnivall and Percy Furnivall. Extra Series, LIII. (Same Society.)

Meprcrvg and surgery have a curious history, which has

not as yet been worked out in detail. Among savage

and barbarous races they are still almost entirely magical, though we owe to the observation and experi- ments of our wild brethren some of the most useful with which we are acquainted. What was the

ical knowledge of the great races of the East we have no means of knowing, and the Holy Scriptures tell us surprisingly little as to medical practice among the

Jews, We know rather more as to the surgery of Egypt,

but what has come down to us has not survived in a very

authentic form. With the Greek writers on medicine we reach a period when science, as we understand the word, was firat applied to the art of healing. The medical literature they have left is surprising from its wealth of observation and the purely scientific outlook which it shows. No improvement was made during up- wards of a thousand years. The medical practitioners of the Middle Ages knew no more than the doctors who ad- ministered potions and took fees under ths rule of the

Antonines ; but they mixed the old knowledge with a lot

of pernicious folk-lore, derived from northern sources

and from misunderstanding texts of Scripture. The re- vival of letters gave a strong impetus to the study of anatomy.

Bullein’s ‘Dialogue’ is very amusing. It is full of quaint tales, some of which are, we doubt not, of home growth, though we think many of them may be found in other forms in the Latin literature of the Continent, with which we may feel sure that Bullein was familiar, The editors promise us a series of notes, in which we trust they will endeavour to trace some of these to their remote origin.

Vicary’s ‘Anatomie’ forms but a small part of the

volume. The body of notes and illustrations which ac- company it are out of all proportion to the text, but they are none the less valuable on that account. To any one writing a history of surgery they will be invaluable, and the folk-lorist cannot afford to pass them by.

The Life and Death of Lilewellynn Jewitt. By W. H. Goss. (Gray.)

Mr. Goss has let his affection for his friend sadly outrun his judgment. To enhance the tribute to his memory he has ey set out with the deliberate intention of making his book as big as ever he could make it, The result is 638 closely printed large octavo pages, when a tithe of that number would amply have sufficed, and have been far better than the whole. This extraordinary compilation seems to have been compounded out of two scrap-books—oné devoted to Mr. Jewitt, the other to Mr, 8. C. Hall. Every trivial letter that either of these gentlemen ever wrote or had written to him, the invita- tions they got to dinner, all the doggerel rhymes they ever p d, their pl utterances and puerile jokes, that perhaps passed muster at the time, but which it is cruelty to stereotype in print, their very dreams and forebodings—all are here set out at the fullest length, with the most intolerable diffuseness and prolixity. This emall-beer chronicle is further bolstered out with news- paper cuttings, parenthetic sermons of the author's own, superfetations of after-thoughts, and labyrinthine dis- cussions on all sorts of subjects, dragged in by the head and shoulders, apparently with the one ambition of swelling out the size of the book to the largest possible dimensions, A double-barrelled biography of this kind is out of all Ly oy ree and does an injustice to two worthy men who did much good antiquarian and artistic work in their time. We are sorry we cannot speak more highly of Mr. Goss’s book, which is evidently inspired by an enthusiastic admiration of his deceased friends ; but in this inflated form it is really a huge mistake. Indeed, he himself almost acknowledges as much when he writes, “T feel and confess that if I were reading such a book as this written by somebody else I should certainly skip the poems.” Now that it is somebody else’s turn he will re- taliate, if we are not greatly mistaken, by skipping the poems—and a good deal more besides,

Words on — By Sir William Fraser, Bart., M.A, (Nimmo.

We have here a tardy but important contribution to our knowledge of the great duke. Asa repertory of curious anecdote the volume has already won general recognition, Wellington is, of course, the centre of observation, but the interest of the volume is not confined to, him, and other men of his epoch, as George 1V., Beaconsfield, &c., figure in its pages, The regret that our space does not admit of extract from this most readable of volumes is diminished by the fact that the most striking portions have already obtained a wide circulation. To those who rise from the perusal of one of the most entertaining of recent volumes of ana, it will be good news which is given on p, 231, that Sir William hopes to publish a second volume, containing recollections of Disraeli, whom he regards as the intellectual successor of Lord Byron,

Indolent Essays. By Richard Dowling. (Ward & Downey.) Mr. DowLine has given us another volume of essays, and we must frankly say that we rank him far higher as a writer of pleasant discursiveness in the form of essays than we do as a novelist, There are, we understand, certain individuals who proudly boast that they can read, and we suppose enjoy after their own fashion, any novel. We have noticed that this manner of folk care very little for any other form of literature, and we have

| 9 5 4 3 3 1 3 | | 6 ‘

60 NOTES AND QUERIES.

(7 8. VIII. Juuy 20, "89,

no doubt that as an essayist Mr. Dowling would not be

valued by them, however highly they might regard him

as a provider of fiction. The volume before us somehow soonie to our mind Mr. Andrew Lang; not that Mr.

Dowling has in any way copied his style or mannerisms,

but the two men have « similar way of viewing some

subjects. ‘Other People’s Windows’ is apes example of this. Let none who loves the memory of Don Quixote read the article called ‘ Binding up the Sheaves.’ Mr.

Dowling does not quite realize what an effect such an

essay as this must have on those who see something

more in the grand old Spaniard than a “heroic hero of burlesque.” We can give a high meed of praise to ‘ Indo- lent Essays,’ but we wish Mr, Dowling would leave Don

Quixote in peace.

A List of Civil War Tracts and Broadsides reluting to the County of Lincoln. Compiled by Ernest L. Grange, M.A. (Horncastle.)

SgvVENTY-FIVE copies in all of an interesting catalogue of

Lincolnshire tracts and broadsides have been printed by

Mr. Grange, the editor of Lincolnshire Notes and

i he author is anxious to hear of further works of this class, and purposes to reprint some in a form similar to that of the ‘Lancashire Civil War Tracts’ issued by the Chetham Society. Near one hundred are catalogued in a book that will be a welcome contribu- tion to local bibliography.

Life and Times of Girolamo Savonarola. By Prof. Pas- uale Villari, Translated by Linda Villari. 2 vols, Fisher Unwin.)

Prov. Vituart is an intrepid champion of Savonarola, Undaunted by the criticism passed upon the first trans- lation of his ‘Life of Savonarola,’ he returns to the charge and maintains his theories with unabated zeal. He shows himself an able writer and a keen controver- sialist. His utterances may not always be palatable to the worshippers of the Italian Renaissance, but his work is at least an all-important contribution to our knowledge of the epoch. The new translation is in two handsome volumes, and is freely illustrate]. It is fairly terze and vigorous in style.

How one of the M‘Govern, or M‘Gauran, Clan won the Victoria Cross, By Joseph Henry M‘Govern. (Liver- pool Daily Post Office.)

Tue interest of this little brochure is more than per-

sonal. Besides recording a career of heroism, it forms

a valuable appendix to ‘An Irish Sept,’ of which Mr,

M‘Govern is part author.

The Eclogues and Georgics of Ae aa Translated from the Latin by J. W. Mackail, Fellow of Balliol College, Oxford. (Rivingtons.)

We have here a prose translation of the ‘ Eclogues’ and

* Georgics,’ which is not without literary merit, A

pas translation of Virgil is, however, somewhat of a

Contemporary History of the French Revolution. By F.

Bayford Harrison. (Rivingtons.)

From the Annual Register Mr. Bayford Harrison has compiled an account of the progress of the French Revolution which is dramatic and valuable, if not always entirely trustworthy. It constitutes a book of much interest to the general reader, and may be com- inended to students,

To the “Lotos Series" Messrs, Triibner & Co. have added Men and Books, selected from the Earlier Writ- ings of Lord Macaulay, with critical introduction and notes by Alexander H. Japp, LL.D. The essays on Clive, Milton, the Earl of Chatham, and Lord Byron are given with portraits. The introductory essay is

readable and good, and the volume is a pleasing addition to the series.

Mr. Ernest E. Baxer, F.S.A., has issued privately A Few Notes ona Selected Portion of the Halliwell- Phillip Library recently, This will in time rank as a biblio- graphical desideratum.

A srneuLaRLy brilliant ‘Roman du Chevalerie Franco. Japonais’ is sent by M. Octave Uzanne to Le Livre, and is illustrated by M. Albert Robida, whose designs are amusingly extravagant. M. Aimé Vingtrinier supplies a curious and an interesting fact in connexion with the troubled life of Etienne Dolet, which we commend to Dolet’s biographer, our friend Chancellor Christie. An interesting bibliographical note on an edition of ‘ Les Lunettes des Princes’ of Jean Meschinot also appears in an admirable number.

We regret to hear of the sudden death, at his resi- dence, Sandyknowe, Wavertree, Liverpool, of Sir James Allanson Picton, F.S.A., the well-known antiquary, Sir James, who was born December 2, 1805, was the author of ‘Memorials of Liverpool,’ 1875, an ‘ Architectural History of Liverpool,’ and many other works bearing on the great northern seaport of which he was one of the most distinguished citizens, To our own columns he was a frequent and a valued contributor. Of the various learned societies in the North he was an active and honoured member, and he may almost be regarded ag the originator of the free library movement in Liver- pool. To the last he retained a keen interest in archi- tecture, many handsome buildings in Liverpool being from his designs. Not easy is it, indeed, to exhaust the claims on attention of one of the most public-spirited, active, and keen-sighted men of his epoch.

Ma, W. E. Foster has just completed an illustrated * History of Whaplode Church and Parish, in Lincoln- It will issued very shortly by Mr. Elliot toc.

‘Tue Town Book of the Corporation of Belfast from 1613 to 1816,’ containing much important historical matter, is being prepared for publication by Mr. Robert M. Young, B.A., C.E., the Hon. Sec. of the Belfast Natural — and Philosophical Society. It will be — to subscribers only through Messrs. Marcus Ward

Potices to Correspondents.

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Artnor H, Soarrz (“A blue moon”). The origin of — = has been asked in vain. 6t 8. ii. 125,

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8, VILL. Jory 20, °89.) NOTES AND QUERIES.

In 2 vols, crown 8vo. with 2 Portraits, 24s.

JOHN FRANCIS AND THE ‘ATHENAUM,’ A LITERARY CHRONICLE OF HALF A CENTURY. By JOHN C. FRANCIS,

From the WEIMARISCHE ZEITUNG, June 23, 1889.

‘* Bin Buch von grosser Wichtigkeit fiir jeden Studenten der gegenwiirtigen englischen Literatur und der der letzten 50 Jahre hat seine Erscheinung im Buchhandel gemacht. ‘John Francis and the Atheneum,’ geschrieben von Herrn John C., Francis, ist der Titel des Werkes. Das Wochenblatt The Atheneum ist das Hauptorgan der literarischen, wissenschaftlichen und kiinstlerischen Kreise und enthilt alles, was dem literarischen Studenten von Interesse und Nutzen seinkann, John Francis war der Verleger dieser Zeitung. Besonders interessant ist das dritte Kapitel, welches unter anderem das Neujahrsgedicht 1832 von Thomas Carlyle und seine Vortriige iiber deutsche Literatur behandelt. Weiter merkwiirdig ist der Artikel iiber den Krieg von 1870; Paris wihrend des Kriegs, und die Abhandlung iiber die Kriegsliteratur. Herr John C, Francis besitzt ein gutes Gediichtniss und einen guten Stil; das Resultat ist ein gutes Buch.”

From the SYDNEY MORNING HERALD, April 13, 1889.

“Here will be found such a mass of information......as would need to be sought for in hundreds of volumes. There is hardly a man of letters, or science, or politics, or war, or, indeed, of eminence in any of the walks of English modern life, who does not figure in one or other of these presentable volumes. Curious little bits of anecdotal history, criticism, biography or autobiography, miscellaneous information upon a wide miscellany of subjects, can be found by opening the books almost at random; while a con- sultation of the indices reveals much that a reader would not hope to find here. Notes of the rise of the great publishing houses and their members, their authors, their clients, their friends, their enterprises, and successes and failures; out-of-the-way bits of political information such as the literary pensions of Sir Robert Peel’s civil list ; reminiscences of journalists and scholars, politicians and poets, inventors and tra- vellers, some forgotten, some eminent ; descriptions of mechanical wonders of the days before telegraph and steam—all and much more is to be found in this omniwm gatherum......and it all results in absolutely one of the most interesting books that the publishing season of 1888 has given us......

“The volumes are proof of how sensitive and exact a record of the national life and movement a great paper is......And it is precisely because the Atheneum was so much and touched the national life of Britain at so many points, that Mr. Francis’s compilation is so interesting. Without the pretence and bombast of history, or the minute and wearisome detail of biography, we get the succinct histories of men and events that cannot lose interest for this century. We get out of the evenly chronological connexion of the compiler a perspective in which to view many aspects of the changes of the time. These un- studied bits of criticism, bearing the impress of the date when they were given to the world, are full of interest now, when the subjects and the author of that criticism have alike passed out of our region.

“Out of Mr. Hatton’s ‘Journalistic London’ the general reader will look in vain for so much con- densed information about some of the great London journals as he is here presented with. That is what makes the book a veritable treasure-house for the man who wants to see behind the scenes of London. ~All sorts and conditions of men are here, their deeds and words, how they lived and how they died, when and where......As a repertory of names and dates and events of the whole Victorian era it has a merit that is almost unique

“Eccentrics like Beckford of Fonthill and Lord Eskgrove, and anecdotes of their whims, meet the reader here and there. And by the deaths within the half century of eminent men of the pre-

Victorian era, the list of condensed biographies is extended to many an exalted personage who does not belong to the story by its dates.”

London: RICHARD BENTLEY & SON, New Burlington-street, Publishers in Ordinary to Her Majesty the Queen.

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