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AND PACIFIC ELECTRICAL
REVIEW.
\i>l.l ME I. XX. NtlliiluT 1.
SAN FRANCISCO, SATURDAY, JANUARY 5, 1895.
That Armor Plate.
Regarding the armor plate for the battle ship Ore- gon, referred to editorially in last week's issue, it may be further stated that the Government test was made on the 15th ult., at the Indian Head proving grounds. The plate was a seventeen-inch Harvey- ized nickel-steel plate, representing the forward thirteen-inch barbette of the Oregon. Members of the Naval Committee of the Senate and naval officers interested in ordnance matters witnessed the trial. The plate, which is one of thirteen forming a cylin- der about the base of the Oregon's heavy turret, was not selected until the final treatment of all the plates it represented.
It is regarded by the Inspector of Ordnance, Com- mander Courtis, as the weakest one of the lot. It is twelve feet one inch long and eight feet four inches wide, and it weighs thirty tons. It was cast and forged previous to the test of the last heavy plate from Homestead, which was pronounced too soft, letting a Wheeler-Sterling projectile through it on the high velocity .shot. The plate tested had been hardened more than the other and was regarded as being a typi- cal Harvey plate. Owing to re- peated assertions that the Wheeler- Sterling projectiles were better than other American projectiles, it was decided to test this plate with Wheeler-Sterling projectiles.
The first or cracking shot, an 850-pound, twelve-inch shell; was aimed at a point five feet from the left end hear the top, and on the edge of a soft strip intended for the purpose of securing the plate to the ship's deck. The charge was 278.30 pounds of powder; the velocity 1410 foot seconds, and the energy 11,729 foot tons. The projectile pene- trated fifteen inches and rebounded unbroken, shortened one-tenth of an inch and ex- panded in diameter eight one-hundredths of an inch. It spun violently on the ground, doubling up a heavy steel rail against which it happened to strike. The plate showed a crack extending from the right or ingot top end of the plate to the impact through the plate. This crack had apparently started at the edge of the plate and run toward the impact, as it was fully half an inch wide at the former point and hardly open at the latter. The shot hole was- also surrounded by a slight bulge in which were a number of radial cracks. This bulge, which was half an inch high and about thirty inches in diameter, indicated that the plate was somewhat softer than was desir- able. It is to this reason that the penetration of fifteen inches can be ascribed.
The shot to determine the plate's resistance to perforation was also a Wheeler-Sterling 850-pound twelve-inch projectile. The charge was 420 pounds of powder, the velocity 1858 foot seconds and the en- ergy 20,370 foot tons. This shot was aimed at a point about four feet from the top end of the ingot, thirty inches from the edge and twenty-four inches from the crack. The shell, after penetrating about ten inches, was shattered into minute fragments which rained down upon the proving ground for
nearly a minute after it struck. The plate cracked from each impact to the upper edge, and the longi- tudinal crack was slightly widened. No bolts were broken or driven out, but the entire target was set back several inches, crushing some of the oak sup- ports.
A rigid interpretation of the armor specifications would require the rejection of this plate and neces- sitate the successful trial of another plate before the $275,000 worth of armor could be accepted.
TnE suspension of assessments was generally hailed as a satisfactory relief measure in '93; there was considerable difference of opinion as to its prac- tical good in '94, and now comes up the question of the repetition of such congressional action for this
THREE DOLLARS PJSR ANNUM. Smelt' Copies, Ten Cent*.
A Wire Ropeway.
The Vulcan Iron Works have erected one of their Wire Ropeways for the English Mountain mine, Nevada Co., Cal., to be used for transporting gold ore from the mine, situated on the side of a steep mountain, to a twenty-stamp mill below on the flat, a distance of 2800 feet, air line, with an elevation of 600 feet. The nominal capacity of this line is 100 tons in ten hours.
This line, a partial illustration of which herewith appears, is not as remarkable as some other lines erected by the Vulcan Iron Works for length, high fall, long spans, etc., but is especially important in the fact that, were it not for this mode of transpor- tation, it would be practically impossible to work this mining property, as the mine is situated on the side of a precipitous and rocky mountain and the ex- pense of preparing any surface line clown the mountain and across the lake would be enormous. In the region where this mine is located there is a snowfall of fifteen to twenty feet, but such deep snow in no way interferes with the suc- cessful operation of this ropeway, permitting the active opera^ous of carrying the ore, to go on through the severest winter weather.
This line is provided with auto- matic loading and dumping ma- chines, and being a gravity line, i: r., the loaded buckets carrying the unloaded back, the cost per ton transported, is extremely low.
"WIRE ROPEWAY OF THE ENGLISH MOUNTAIN MINE.
year. The suspension helped thousands of individual owners and tided over many a man who would have been seriously inconvenienced to have had to do the necessary hundred dollars' worth of improvement on his claim. On the other hand, it kept from usual distribution some millious of assessment work, and in this way worked indirect injury to mining interests in general. The result has been very little assess- ment work done in the last eighteen months as com- pared with previous years, and it is questionable whether it would be wise legislation to re-enact the suspension bill in '95. Whether a gold claim or a silver one, it is more in the spirit of the times for owners, resident or non-resident, to have more de- velopment done. The required $100 simply complies with the letter of the law, and that much, and usually more, will be of benefit to each individual claim. There is great difference of opinion on this subject, as is' always the case in matters affecting so wide an
development of the industry suggest that this year the law should not be suspended, and that the work of development be not checked. It is our belief that further effort in that direction would be unwise. As a matter of fact the suspension law has hurt the miner.
Many causes are assigned for the financial stringency. On this coast the shrinkage in production may be pointed to as the principal one. Take California: The wheat crop of '80 was worth $40,000,000: the wheat crop of '94 is worth $13,000,- 000— a loss of $27,000,000 on that one product. The shrinkage in the value and quan- tity of Nevada's silver yield is another case in point. As compared with '80, it is within bounds to say that there is a diminished product of $50,000,000 in the two States. That is just so much less to spend, and that, too, among an increased population in this State. Were it not for the gold output of the State, matters would be much worse. The gold yield of '93 shows a handsome increase over the previous year, aggregating $14,422,811, and it is believed the total for '94 will exhibit the same gratifying result.
Objection is often made to taking stock in pro- posed incorporations, that the holders of a majority of the shares have the power to levy assessments and cause the sale of delinquent shares. It has been urged that a change is requisite in the State laws in line with similar enactments in some of the Eastern States, to the effect that where shares in a area, but the best interests of all and the proper j stock company become delinquent by non-payment of
' assessments, they stand as a debit against the stock so held, with interest, if so ordained, till paid; but that the delinquent stock could not be summarily sold. Such a law would interfere with any "freeze- out" proposition, and would dispel an uncertainty that often exists under present rulings.
Mining and Scientific Press.
Jailusiry 5, 1895.
Mining and Scientific Press.
Office, No. 220 Market Street, Northeast Corner Front, San Francisco. EF" Take the Elevator, Nu. 12 Front Street.
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San Francisco, January 5, 1895.
TABLE OF CONTENTS.
ILLUSTRATION —Wire Ropeway of the English Mouutain Mine, 1.
EDITORIALS.— That Armor Plate; A Wire Ropeway; Miscella- neous, 1. The Money Question; Miscellaneous, 2. Money Asked For, 3.
CORRESPONDENCE. — The Cyanide Patents ; Eastern Oregon Prospects, 4. Mining In Nevada County, Retrospective and Pros- pective, 5. Tuolumne Mines, 6.
SCIENTIFIC PROGRESS.— A Chemical Curiosity; Four Hundred Degrees Below Zero; The New Constituent of the Air, y.
ELECTRICAL PROGRESS— Direct Conversion of Light Into Elec- tricity; France Encourages Electrical Progress, 12.
PRACTICAL INFORMATION .—Wages of Steamship Building; The Speed of Trolley Cars: Doesn't Pay to Pick Up Nails, 13.
MINING SUMMARY.— From the Various Counties of California. Nevada and Other Pacific Coast States and Territories, 10.
THE MARKETS.— Eastern and Local Metal Markets; Coal and Coke; Mining Share Market; Sales in San Francisco Stock Board; Notices of Meetings; Assessments; Dividends, etc., 14.
MISCELLANEOUS.— Concentrates, Personal; Obituary, 3. Labor- ing at High Altitudes, 4. Right Kind of "Salt," 6. Quicksilver, 7. A Big Copper Deal Predicted, 8. An Explosion in an Iron Foundry; Machinery of a Cruiser; Armor Plate for Russia. 12. Coast Industrial Notes, 10. Recent Patents, 14.
The Victoria Colonist makes a strong appeal for the establishment of a mining bureau in that prov- ince. British Columbia needs such an institution. Without a mining bureau, no State or province can expect to have its mineral resources properly de- veloped.
The Chronicle, in its New Year's edition, gives a very good summary of the condition and progress of the State in '94. Its prophecies regarding 1945 make very pleasant reading, although it is always ■easy to create an atmosphere in which to flap the wings of fancy. The possibilities exist, the oppor- tunity is ours, and the result will be commensurate with the effort made. "California and Its Possi- bilities" is a grand theme, and the Chronicle has done it justice.
A large number of papers published in the in- terior of the State are advertising the best or quick- est way to reach the South African gold fields. In this regard it should be generally understood that no one should leave this State in hopes of improving his financial condition in South Africa unless he has guaranteed to him by responsible parties, before starting, a good position at fair wages. Otherwise, he will be grievously disappointed.
The extraordinary rainfall on the coast and in the valleys means the piling up of immense snow in the mountains. "The first snow that falls is the last snow that goes," and the present wetness means abundance of water for the miner next season. The snow causes considerable present inconvenience. At La Porte, Plumas Co. , last week it was ten feet deep on the level, and no mail had reached there for eight days. Near the Mountain House, on the road from Nevada City to Downieville, the snow was twelve feet deep on the stage road.
The recent sale of the Oregon Pacific, railroad for $100,000 illustrates the uncertainty of railway in- vestments and the folly of puttiug good money into a scheme not thoroughly understood. Begun in 1880, when Henry Villard was acquiring possession of the Columbia river, the Oregon Pacific people started a railway from an alleged port at Yaquina, Or., toward the Willamette valley, with the announced program of completion 600 miles to Boise, Idaho. The enterprise was backed by New Jersey capitalists, who said the ultimate intention was to have Eastern transcontinental connection made. A line of steamers was put on to this city, and the project was widely boomed. First and last the work cost about $11,- 000,000. There are outstanding $15,000,000 of bonds, several additional millions of stock, and about one
million in unsecured debts. 'The stock is valueless, and should the bondholders hope to get anything back on their investment they must advance a great deal of money. All there is to show for the vanished millions is 147 miles of railway. The trouble was lack of water at Yaquina.
The Boston Transcript thinks " Moribund Nevada's two Senators for 40,000 people are the shame of the nation." The nation has shames, but Nevada's Senators are not of them. If it be redistribution that our Boston brother believes in, what shall his basis be ? Rhode Island, like Nevada or any other sovereign commonwealth, has two Senators. If on a basis of population, then the East will suffer thereby. New England has fourteen Senators now. Illinois has two; but, if the New England basis is the correct one, Illinois should have ten, and other States are in like proportion.
W. S. Stratton of Cripple Creek, Colorado, is the latest mentioned in connection with the United States Senatorship from the Centennial State. In the last two years he has risen from financial obscur- ity to prominence. Jas. Haggin had an opportunity to have some of the Colorado man's present wealth, but was a little slow. One big mining property was offered Haggin by Stratton about fifteen months ago for $155,000. The financial flurry made him tem- porize, but he sent a trusted friend to make inspec- tion of the property, who wired him the mine was easily worth half a million. Haggin telegraphed Stratton the same hour that he would give $350,000 cash for the property, but the answer flashed back was: "One million wouldn't buy it."
The continued decline in the price of silver during '93 and '94 has caused much comment on the future of silver mining. The Tribune says that, in Utah, con- solidation is proposed. With the decline in the price of the metal the profits are shrinking so fearfully as to endanger the existence even of the largest and richest properties. Already hundreds of the small mines, which were making money two years ago, have surrendered and given up the business. Such fate will overcome the larger mines unless steps of some sweeping sort, amounting almost to a revolu- tion in methods, can be devised. Those steps, say some of the leading miners, must be in the direction of the consolidation of interests. Silver mines in given localities must unite in the same manner that so many other industrial enterprises are uniting. That will make such a reduction of expenses possible as will partially offset the terrible decline in price which has been taking place since the panic. It will also fortify the producers as against the smelters and refiners, and in that way, if it were to be in no other, effect a considerable change from present conditions.
Among other matters decided at the recent State election there were several constitutional amend- ments voted upon affirmatively, one relating to the foreign ownership of real estate in California. Sec- tion 17, Article I of the State Constitution has been by popular vote amended so as to read as follows :
Section 17. Foreigners of the white race, or of African descent, eligible to become citizens of the United States under the naturalization laws thereof, while bona fide residents of this State, shall have the same rights in respect to the acqui- sition, possession, enjoyment, transmission and inheritance of all property, other than real estate, as native-born citizens; provided, that such aliens owning real estate at the time of the adoption of this amendment may remain such owners : provided, further, that the Legislature may by statute pro- vide for the disposition of real estate which shall hereafter be acquired by such aliens by descent or devise.
Prom London comes the inquiry : "How will this affect English ownership of California gold mines ? Are not gold mines ' real estate ' ?" Accompanied is an implication that the recent voice of the people so vociferously expressed may result in cessation of purchase of California gold mines by the British investor. On the assumption that the next best thing to having our mines owned and operated at home is to have foreign capital so engaged, it were unwise to put any obstacles in the way of " foreigners " invest- ing and profiting by such investments here. Gold mines come under the heading of real estate, but it is not at all likely that the Legislature which meets next week at Sacramento will take any further action inimical to the foreign investor in gold mines or other real estate in California.
The Money Question.
The currency question, the issue of bonds, "free1 coinage," etc., take up the public thought in and out of Congress. Many plans are offered, the one now before the House, known as the " Carlisle plan," and which deserves defeat, being the one receiving the most present attention.
In the discussion of a question two things must be observed: What is the question, and on what points do well-informed persons agree ?
On the money question all intelligent men agree that a continued increase of circulating medium causes the general level of prices to rise and a con- traction of currency causes a shrinkage in prices.
What is the free coinage of gold and silver ? It has been so often misstated that it is well to state it fully. The Government of the United States alone has power to say what shall constitute a legal tender in the payment of debts, aud to determine the rela- tive coinage value of gold and silver. What is meant by free coinage is simply this:
The Government will coin all the gold bullion brought to the mint so many grains to the dollar, charging therefor, if it sees fit, a mintage charge, and the owner of the bullion takes the gold dollars his bullion makes, and takes his own chances of cir- culating them. Such is the law to-day. If we had free coinage of silver, the same thing would obtain as to silver bullion. The owner of silver bullion would take his bullion to the mint and have it coined into silver dollars (the Government making a mint charge), the owner of the bullion receiving silver dollars and taking his own chances of placing them in circulation. In neither case does the Government buy the bullion.
What then becomes of the favorite assertion so often made that, if we have free coinage of silver, the owner of silver bullion will bring his silver here and sell it to the Government for gold ? It is not the case, for the Government does not buy it, nor have anything to do with it except to coin it, de- ducting a mintage charge and making by law the dollars a legal tender. The owner of the bullion has on hand the same bullion he puts in the mint, changed in form and less in amount equal to the mint charge.
It is again stated that to do this is to repudiate our government contracts. This is not so.
All the bonds of the United States, even those re- cently issued, are payable in coin (they do not say gold coin) of the weight and standard of fineness of July 14, 1870. We find, then, under the law of 1870, gold and silver were full legal tender at the ratio of 16 to 1, the silver dollar being 4123 grains, nine- tenths fine, and the gold dollar being 25.8 grains, nine-tenths fine.
In what manner would it be repudiation to pay our bonds just as we agree to ?
As to the effect: If we have gold alone, or a lim- ited amount of silver, the effect is to cause a steadily decreasing amount of money, for the output of gold does not keep pace with the amount used in the arts and worn out and lost, and with the constant in- crease of population the effect on prices is to cause a constant decline, the men with fixed incomes from bonds and life salaries being correspondingly bene- fited, and the burden of paying the public debt being correspondingly harder.
If we had free coinage of silver as well as gold, the circulating medium would either increase, or at least the tendency to further decline would be checked. Objections are urged to the coinage of silver, but they are all based upon prophecies, and they are the same that were once made to the coinage of gold in Europe in 1857, when gold was demonetized by the most of the leading nations of Europe. They are the same prophecies that were made in 1878 in Con- gress, when the Bland bill, providing for the coinage of $2,000,000 a month, was on its passage.
Not one of the evils so eloquently prophesied in 1878 occurred. Then men should cease their prog- nostications of evil or, at least, sometimes make a prediction that comes true. Can we do this thing alone ? In the struggle for gold alone we are strong enough to enter the race. If we can do that we cer- tainly can be an independent nation. Tf our exports exceed our imports money must come to us. If our imports exceed our exports we must, in time become bankrupt under any system.
January 5, 189").
Mining and Scientific Press.
Money Asked For.
The committee for the protection of mineral lands is having printed 5»M)0 pamphlets to be sent to the miners of the State, setting forth the farts in the present effort to stay pending action and secure such legislation as will enable the miner to stand pa more equitable terms as to the selection and disposition of public land. Much of the contents has already appeared with endorsement in these columns. The motive of the present distribution is to show the present status of the matter, illustrate the neces- sity for prompt action and direct attention to the fact that money is needed to bring the movement to a successful issue.
The pamphlets, which will be issued next week, contain the following appeal :
To "" Minen ••' California i Until the organization of the California Miners1 Association, a few years ago, united action on the part of the miners of California was practically impos- sible Now, however, with branch miners' associations in the mining counties (all of which are represented on the executive committee of the main association), the miners are in a posi- tion to make their wants known as a body and bring their grievances before the Legislature or Congress with some assurance of attention being paid to their requests. At the annual miners" convention the delegates are enabled to in- struct the executive committee as to the course to be pursued daring the year, and to various sub-committees are intrusted the responsibility of carrying out the resolutions of the con- vention.
Owing to the exertions of the California Miners' Associa- tion a radical change has been made in the Federal laws re- lating to hydraulic mining in this State, uuder which these mines, long closed down in certain sections, may again, under prescribed conditions, resume work and become profitable, giving employment to many men. The Miners' Association now has on its hands a struggle to effect certain changes bene- ficial to the miner, on the laws relating to quart/, and drift claims. It is also endeavoring to prevent further encroach- ments on the public mineral domain by agricultural or railroad claimants, so as to keep for the miner the heritage which is his due.
To carry on this work properly and accomplish the results desired by the convention money is absolutely necessary. With the single exception of the secretary, who has abundant work to perform, no man in the association receives any salary or money, the work being all done voluntarily by the execu- tive and other committees. It is, however, necessary to em- ploy people to prepare maps, look up records and perform other services for the committees. A great deal of printing is also necessary, and money is needed for that. It may also be necessary to send some one to Washington on behalf of the Miners' Association to look after our interests there. We ought to have a fund on hand for such emergencies as are apt to occur. Without money it is impossible to carry out the wishes of the association.
All this work is being done in the interest of the mines and miners of California, so in helping the association with funds the miners aro helping only themselves. With the changes in the laws we are advocating will come better times through- out the mining regions of the State, more investments of money and the consequent employment of more men. The miners must themselves put their hands in their pockets if they wish to see anything accomplished. The hands of the executive committee are tied when they have no funds to carry on their work.
Those opposed to the interests of the miners are abundantly provided with money, lawyers, and facilities of all kind to accomplish their ends, and if we are not measurably equipped in the same way we will have an up-hill light and be liable to accomplish little. Not a cent of the money collected for the purposes of the association is wasted or extravagantly used. Those who contribute may i*est assured that the funds are carefully guarded, and account given of all expenditures. The amount on hand now is less than $100 and there is need for at least $1000 at once for certain expenses incurred. Other similar expenses are bound to follow and we should have sev- eral thousand dollars in the treasury.
According to the report of the State Mining Bureau this year there are upward of 13,000 miners employed in the mines of this State. A contribution of §1 each would provide an abundant fund to carry on the Miners' Association for some time. If superintendents and managers of mining prop- erties would make a very slight effort to explain the objects and purposes of the association aud its needs, the men would willingly contribute their share. Merchants and store- keepers in the mining towns should also be called upon to assist the movement. The county associations, through their officers, should appeal to the members to aid the good work.
Appended to this are certain documents showing, among other things, what other mining States are doing in the direc- tion of saving the mineral lands for the miner, ft is in direct line with the work California has before her, aud upon which the association has a committee now engaged. It would repay every miner in the State to read these statements, as they show the danger we incur of being apathetic or postponing action on matters relating to the mineral lands. All these matters must at once be brought to the attention of the Gov- ernment authorities in as forcible a manner as possible. Delay at this time means a forfeiture of thousands and thou- sands of acres of mineral land. The miners can keep this land for themselves if they make a united effort, but if they fail to do so it will be their own fault. The State Associa- tion is in a position to represent the miners' interests pro- vided it is furnished with the necessary funds to carry on its work.
130,000,000. Twenty-five years ago he was a poor man; ten was reckoned at 115,000,000. Mis real estate and Investments all turned out well, and the only place he made other than a great success was in the U. S. Senate, where, like Stanford, he never felt at home, not being able to say or do what he liked.
In every department of industry he had big investments,
and he gave constant employment to au army of men. He did
a great deal for this city, spent millions of dollars in industrial
here, improved his real estate, aud kept money
oonstanl ly moving.
His millions go to bis three children, Mrs. Oelrichs, Miss Fair and (.'has. L. Pair, but are so curiously tied up in his will that they practically have only a life interest in his wealth.
Concentrates.
Obituary.
Jas. G. Pair, ex-Senator from the State of Nevada, and a miner known the world over, died at the Lick House in this city on the night of the 28th ult., in the 64th year of bis age. Born in Ireland in 1831, he came here at the age of 19, and mined with varying success, till he, with Markay, Flood and O'Brien, secured control of the "Virginia City mines, that yielded them $150,000,000. The stories told of l*1 Uncle Jimmy Fair" are countless. He was a hard worker, a shrewd man- ager, a good practical miner, the best, in fact the only real miner in the big quartet whose riches made them famous. While luck had a great deal to do with his results, he was that style of man that left little to chance, but so acted that everything would come his way unless all known laws of cir- cumstance failed. He was a power in the mining world, the biggest of big operators in the Stock Exchange, and his nerve and financial ability were such that he could withhold and overcome the greatest of financial flurries. As a money maker he was a gigantic success : his estate will probably aggregate
The Montana Ore Purchasing Company has declared a divi- dend of $40,000.
The " Minnesota Gold Mining and Refining Co." have been proved to be frauds.
THE Starlight mine, El Dorado, has been sold to G. C. Haw- ley of this city tor 135,000,
The White Swan mine, near Baker City, Or., has been sold to Des Moines, Iowa, capitalists.
Teh Boston & Colorado Smelting Company paid a 3% per cent quarterly dividend on the 2d.
A u strike" is reported in the 1000 level of the Maryland mine. The ledge is about twenty-five inches in width and shows free gold.
The Redding Free Press says: "The Gladstone mine at French Gulch has settled every dollar of indebtedness, and is ready to turn out bullion."
The Sioux mine, at Tiutic, Utah, has been sold to F. Farrell, of Ansouia, Conn. A big reduction plant will be at once built, including a 100- ton concentration mill.
C. G. W. Lock and Thomas Hall of Deadwood, S. D., have sold to the California Pieacho Gold Mines Company the Ruby placer claim in the Pieacho district in San Diego county.
The Congress mine, Arizona, has been sold to the syndicate headed by E. C. Gage, who is at present in charge of the property. It is understood that the price paid was $1,000,000.
New Mexico's mineral output in 1894 has not yet been officially figured up, but the most reliable data show: Gold, §1,500,000; silver, 1,350,000 ounces; lead, $80,000; copper, $50,000.
The Indian Creek L. & M. Co. are working the Shaw mine, near El Dorado, and will shortly build a 50-stamp mill. Nearly a quarter of a million was produced by the Shaw mine in days gone by.
The Secretary of the Interior has approved the lists of land selected as indemnity by the Northern Pacific railroad, em- bracing about 200,000 acres in the Minnesota grant and 300,000 in Montana.
The Horse Shoe Gold Mining Company, of Wardner, Idaho, has incorporated ; capital stock, $1,000,000; officers : F. Jenkins, president; G. W. Harris, vice-president; H. Drought, treas- urer ; H. A. Jones, secretary.
In the mineral production of Idaho for 1804 the totals are: Gold, $,879,000; silver, $3,359,000; lead, 3^,006,000; an aggre- gate of $7,884,000. Silver is figured at sixty cents an ounce and lead at three cents per pound.
The Consolidated South Spring Hill Gold Mining Company has incorporated, and John R. Tregloan is superintendent. They will work the Median mine at Amador City. The incor- porators are residents of Portland, Maine.
The directors of the Harqua Hala mines have transferred to Wickenburg the shipping of supplies to their property. The road is by way of Cullen's wells, the only drawback being the lack of water on a stretch of forty miles after leaving Wick- enburg.
The electrolytic plant of the Boston & Montana Company at Great Falls, Mont., which was originally expected to pro- duce' 800,000 pounds of copper per month, is reported pro- ducing more than twice as much and at a very slight increase in cost.
Chicago papers quote C. M. Kepp of Milwaukee, a share- holder in the Gem mine, as saying that an English syndicate is likely to purchase the Gem, Frisco, Tiger and Poorman mines of the Coeur d'Alenes. The consideration named is $3,000,000.
The Osceola Copper Mining Company will pay a dividend of $1 per share on the 15th, the first since December 30, 1S93, when a similar amount was paid, and also $1 on May 5, 1893. The dividend payable on the 15th will make a total of $1,S97,500 to that date.
A, Gkothe, of Payette, Idaho, who recently returned from London, succeeds J. C. Kemp "Van Ee as manager of the Poor- man Mining Co.'s mines at Silver City, Idaho. A new mill will be built in the spring, and it is understood that a de- velopment fund of $150,000 is available.
Though silver is but sixty cents an ounce, Tombstone, Arizona, is said to be turning out 150 tons of ore weekly that brings back from the smelter between $9000 and $10,000. In addition to this, her miners are piling up reserves of ore for the time when silver shall be rehabilitated.
The Columbia River hydraulic mine is now owned by the American Development Company of Duluth, Minn. The prop- erty consists of the Discovery claim of 65 acres and 10p acres adjoining, together with a water right, in the big bend of the Columbia about 75 miles north of Revelstoke, B. C.
Texada Island gold is the subject of discussion in Nanaimo. Several excellent specimens have been exhibited showing a considerable quantity of free gold; but to experienced eyes it looks a trifle too much like the product of a " specimen mine " with a vein so small as to require almost solid metal to work. Shelby Eli Dillard asserts that " the great trouble with the majority of prospectors is that they are afraid to use the pick and shovel. It takes plenty of hard work and good judg- ment to prospect for mineral. This thing of going to the mountains and laying in camp and eating three meals a day and telling old-time stories about what was found in California forty-nine years ago, is only mythical gold hunting. It takes a brave heart and bull-dog determination to get rich in the
mining business, and people who are not endowed with such characteristics had better leave mining alone."
Tue Rosemout, Arizona, copper mines have closed down. Very little development work has been done on the property, and it was found to be a piece of folly to try to maintain an eighty-ton smelter running on surface ore. This is but an- other instance of the uselessness of erecting reduction works before having a mine.
THE Interior Department decides that 128 acres of land, upon which most of the residence houses of Cripple Creek are located, has been declared placer grouud and the ownership awarded to half a dozen claimants. There are about 500 houses on the claim, and the owners will have to pay for the land they occupy or move off.
The Little Larb Hills, near the Choteau county line, in Valley county, Montana, is the scene of the latest gold find. It is thought there that the new gold fields will prove as great a source of wealth as did the deposits at Alexander City, near Glasgow, last spring, when all Montana was threatened with a stampede.
As elsewhere, the closing of the silver mines, caused by the low price of silver, has resulted in a marked increase in the gold production of Arizona. The gold output during the year was $3,080,350; the silver output $1,700,800; copper, 48,270,501) pounds. The total output of these three metals for the last eighteen years is valued at $101,784,017.
A Bitte, Montana, mining broker is told in a letter from Liverpool, England: "The mention of a gold mine or any other kind of mine to a Liverpool man is fraught with danger. Liverpool has suffered fearfully by mining ventures, espe- cially during the Australian craze of 1888, 1889 and 1890, when shares sold from £3 or .£3 which now cannot command as many shillings."
Major Newell, who is the inventor of a scheme to raise gold-bearing gravel from the bed of a stream by means of a strong suction pipe and extract the precious metal therefrom, has launched his craft on Rogue river, near Grant's Pass, Or. The boat is thirty feet long by twelve wide, and is fitted with an engine and boiler to run the pump and a set of sluice- boxes to wash the sand and gravel after it has been raised to the surface.
The Southern Pacific Railroad Company has filed in the Visalia Land Office a list of land situated in the Visalia dis- trict and has applied for a patent for the said lands. The total for the district amounts to 65,539.90 acres, which are in townships 35 S, and 29, 30 and 33 E ; 36 S, 29, 30 and 32 E ; 37 S, 33 E ; 39 S, 31, 22 and 23 E ; 30 S, 21, 32 and 33 E ; 31 S, 33 and 33 E. Those interested in these lands must put in their pro- tests, and file them in the Land Office at Visalia before the 3Sth inst.
Two years ago a contest was begun in the Spokane, Wash., local land office against issuance of patent to the Oro Fino placer mine, owned by S. I. Silverman. The local officers rendered a decision against him. He appealed to the Com- missioner, who reversed the findings of the local officers. The case was carried to the Secretary of the Interior, who reverses the Commissioner and sustains the original decision. The case is especially important to the town of Loomiston, which is laid out on the placer claim.
The Nevada Southern railway, a branch of the Atlantic and Pacific, is now completed to within a few miles of the southern boundary of Nye county, Nev., and the contractors expect to enter that county early next spring. There are large deposits of gold and silver-bearing ore in Nye and Lin- coln counties, carrying from $30 to $60 per ton in gold and silver. This ore cannot be worked profitably until cheaper transportation facilities are obtainable. The completion of the Nevada Southern railway will result in the development of the mines of Nye and Lincoln, and there will he a large im- migration to those counties next year.
The following articles of incorporation have been filed with the County Clerk of Amador county: Articles of incorporation of Consolidated South Spring Hill Gold Mining Co. ; capital stock, $1,500,000; amount of stock paid for, $35; par value of the shares is $5; located at Portland, Me. Lone Hill Mining Co. ; capital stock, $150,000, divided into 75,000 shares — par value S3 each ; place of business, Sacramento, Cal. ; to exist fifty years. Reward Gold Mining Co. ; capital stock, $1,000,- 000, par value $10 per share; capital stock subscribed, $25,100 ; place of business, San Francisco; to exist fifty years. Amador Railroad Co. ; capital stock, $100,000, par value $100 per share; capital stock subscribed, $13,400; place of business, Amador City, Cal. ; to exist fifty years.
The Leadville, Colorado, Herald-Democrat gives the total output of that camp for 1894 at $S,160,074. If silver had been at its coinage value the output would have amounted to $13,- 000,000. Of the 1894 output, the production of gold amounted to $1,934,340. This, says the Herald-Democrat, is certainly an excellent record for a gold camp but a year old and with but three gold properties practically producing at this time. The gold output for 1893 was only a little over $803,000. The ton- nage of the camp for 1894 as given is 362,907 tons, which is an increase over 1893, when there was but 340,000 tons of ore brought to the surface. The great Smith-Moffat group, in- cluding the Maid of Erin and Gray Eagle, consolidated, has taken out 10,000 tons more than last year, and many of the other older properties show a like increase. The grand total of the yield of Leadville mines from 1S79 to 1S94, inclusive, is $196,449,447.29. The number of men engaged in mining, haul- ing and smelting ore, as furnished by the superintendents of the different mines, is divided as follows: Miners and mine laborers, 2231 ; smelter hands, 650; ore haulers, 150.
Personal.
M. Booth succeeds Mr. Bache as assayer for the Treadwell company.
John Gill succeeds M. G. White as foreman of the Granite Hill mine, Nevada Co.
W. M. Nesbit Sr. will take charge as superintendent of the Mammoth mine at Tintic, Utah.
Mrs. Phcebe A. Hearst of this city has provided for the miners of Lead City, S. D., a library and reading-room in the new building of the miners' union.
F. B. Plebt, a mining expert for Senator J. P. Jones, has gone to Mexico at Metlakatla to look over the late gold dis- coveries in quartz on the north side of Annette island.
Mining and Scientific Press.
January 5, 1895.
The Cyanide Patents.
all the mining world
Tt does seem incredible that these inventors should ■ been anticipated by others when it is eonsid-
To the Editor: — Serious misapprehension appears to exist in some quarters respecting the effect and scope of the recent decisions of the English courts against the plaintiff in the suit brought for infringe- ment of one of the MacArthur-Porrest patents.
Preliminarily, it should be observed that this de- cision was by a single trial judge, and at what may be regarded only as the commencement of the litiga- tion. Such initial decisions are far from conclusive, and are subject to revision and reversal by the Court of Appeals composed of several judges, and after this again by the House of Lords, where many a patent has been sustained after being invalidated below. In fact, it may be stated almost as a rule that in cases involving difficult chemical processes, like the Mac- Arthur-Porrest patents, the invention rarely comes to be fully understood and its merits recognized and rewarded until after the full and repeated discussion and study arrived at in the higher and appellate courts as compared with the hurried first conclusions of the trial below. A striking instance of this is afforded by the history of the Tilgman patent in this country for reducing fatty acids by a chemical pro- cess. That patent — in many respects closely analo- gous to the MacArthur-Porrest patent — was first held to be void, not only by the courts below, but even by the Supreme Court of the United States (See report of Mitchell vs. Tilgman, 19 Wallace TJ, S. .Reports, 287). One would suppose that the Tilgman patent was finally disposed of after an adverse de- cision by the highest appellate tribunal in this country, and that those wishing to use the process might thereafter do so with impunity. But the exact con trary proved to be the case, for in a few years afterward, in another suit, the Tilgman process again came up on appeal before the same Supreme Court; but on this second occasion the court, having become better instructed as to the nature of the invention and its great utility, actually reversed its own prior decision and sustained the patent in the broadest possible way (See report of Tilgman vs. Proctor, 102 U. S. Reports, 707).
However, there are many other reasons besides the possibilities of the appeal why the English de- cision should not in any sense be depended upon as weakening in any way the right of the owners of the MacArthur-Porrest patents in this country to insist upon the recognition of their rights. The only ques- tion presented in the English court arose on the broad claim to the exclusive use of a cyanide of po- tassium solution for extracting gold from ore. The second or more specific claim to the use of the solu- tion, after the manner and in the proportions which seem most useful as invented and disclosed by Messrs. MacArthur and Forrest, was not involved in that case. The whole sum of the decision was merely that, so far as this first trial judge could see, Messrs. MacArthur and Porrest were not entitled to the ex- clusive use of every possible form of cyanogen and of cyanide solution. The claim of the American patent is, as is well known, narrower and more specific than this broad English claim, and is carefully limited so as to cover only a specific strength of cyanogen, which latter, it may be added, is the only kind of solution which has been found effective in this coun- try. There is, therefore, no ground for supposing that the English decision constitutes any precedent which will control or even affect in any way the re- sult of the suits against infringers on the American patent, which are now under way.
Furthermore, it should be borne in mind that the MacArthur-Porrest process is not, as patented, merely for the use of cyanide of potassium. The use of cyanide constitutes only one feature of the inven- tion, and this was the only part of it involved in the English case. As will be well understood by those familiar with the process, other additional features of great importance are covered by the patents, among which may be noted the present admirable method of precipitating by the use of zinc shavings. Though other methods of precipitation are open to the public, this particular one is covered by a patent, the validity of which is believed to be unchallenged. It should be said, in conclusion, that no patent of any distinguished value has ever run its career without the most violent opposition and question as to its validity, and that it cannot be anticipated that these patents shall enjoy any exemption from this general rule.
Considering the enormous value and utility of the process as demonstrated by the actual figures of those working with it, and on the undisputed fact that no one ever actually brought it into use until Messrs. MacArthur and Porrest published it, it would seem but just to accord to them, as a slight reward for their patenting and thus teaching to the world that which otherwise they might have kept, as a secret process, the few years of mouopoly during which they may get some return through the moderate license fees, on payment of which the process is freely opened, with fullest instructions, to
ered that no problem has received keener or more constant scientific and practical attention during the last fifty years than this — of how to extract from ores the percentages of gold resisting amalga- mation, chlorination and other processes, and that the scientific publications of Faraday, Gemlin and others, and the patent of Eae, relied upon as antici- pations, were all on the books for more than thirty years, notwithstanding which no one knew enough to make any use of such publications until after Messrs. MacArthur and Forrest had demonstrated the enormous utility of this process. The fact is, that none of these publications disclosed what Mac- Arthur and Forrest subsequently taught, and that were it not for the latter the mining world would to- day be just where it kept for thirty years, notwith- standing all those publications stared it in the face during the entire time. H. Bankart, M. E.
San Francisco, Dec. 26, 1894.
Eastern Oregon Prospects.
To the Editor: — The mining fields of the North- west have been unusually active for the past three years, and during that time many valuable discov- eries have been made and transfers of mining prop- erty numerous. True, the debasement of silver had a very disastrous effect upon certain productive dis- tricts, but even this state of affairs did not deter the prospector from searching for silver lodes. The feeling that sooner or later the white metal would receive recognition that would place it on equality with gold encouraged him in his explorations. The general character of the ore in this section of the western mineral fields, even in the face of the great decline in silver, stimulated the searcher for wealth owing to the fact that the silver-bearing districts carry a paying percentage of gold. Many of the best paying mines throughout the Northwest, though predominating in silver, depend mainly upon the diffusion of gold throughout the ore for profits, and but for which such properties could not be success- fully operated. The mines at De Lamar are a striking illustration of this fact, the gold product being in excess of running expenses.
In this section of Grant county this characteristic' of ores prevails, and though the old parity of the two moneyed metals should never be restored there is sufficient wealth in the ores where large bodies of it exist to insure productive and valuable mines. If this mineral belt existed in any of the more favored States and Territories it would long ago have been an important factor in the world's product of both gold and silver, but for reasons of a financial nature ledges of the most promising description were not sufficiently prospected to prove the extent and value of ore bodies and of course could not be represented to mine buyers as they deserved to be. In nearly every instance where thorough development has been a feature paying ore bodies have been unfolded, and that, too, in mines where croppings showed but little mineral. The La Belleoue, one of the most prominent mines in the district and now operated by a strong syndicate, is corroborative, of this fact.
The Greenhorn mountains are undeniably rich in minerals, and it is only a question of time when de- velopment will demonstrate the existence of ore bodies of incalculable importance to the mining world. The belt is extensive, the ledges large and running1 parallel, and so close together that in some instances five or six ore-bearing veins exist within the side limits of a location and an opening on any one of them would suffice for operations on the entire group. The ores are, however, refractory and would therefore necessitate roasting; but in a country so densely timbered, the output of the mines can be treated in this manner at comparatively light cost. As a general thing, ledges in high altitudes very rarely carry much gold, but here it is an exception. The ore is very similar to that in the DeLamar mines in Idaho and would require the same treatment, but owing to far superior natural advantages, the cost of reduction would be nominal compared with the ex- pense attending the ores in the mines above men- tioned. Again, nearly all the discoveries made can be opened at great depth through the medium of tunnels, cross-cutting the country or projected along the veins, thereby opening up long-lasting ore bodies and precluding the employment of pumps and other machinery necessary where properties are operated through a shaft. No opening of sufficient depth has as yet been made to fully demonstrate the nature of the country, so far as water is concerned; but even though the formation should hold quantities of it, a long time must elapse before the stoping territory above a tunnel level would be sufficiently exhausted to necessitate sinking.
Nature could not have done more in the shape of natural advantages for the successful working of the properties, even though Providence has taken especial efforts to do so. As before stated, the mountains are densely covered with the best of tim- ber for building and mining purposes. Water is plentiful, and fall can be obtained for running any machinery of whatsoever nature for working the mines or treating the ores. The snowfall, though
probably reaching the depth of seven or eight feet, will be no obstacle in mining, the roads being easily kept open. A fine mountain highway leading from either Baker City or Canyon City via Granite, pene- trates the Greenhorn country, and from which branch roads run to the different mines. By .the way, there is a narrow gauge railroad running from Baker City to the village of McEwen, a distance of twenty miles, and your correspondent has been in- formed that this road will be extended to Port Sum- ter next season, thus bringing Granite within four- teen miles of railroad communication and the Green- horn mining district within thirty-two miles of the railway terminus.
The entire country is picturesque; the mountain scenery is embellished here and there by beautiful lakes filled with the finest trout, while in every di- rection little streams wind their way, all of which are well stocked with speckled beauties. Game of every description natural to this latitude is plentiful. The climate is delightful, and, viewed impartially, it is undoubtedly one of the most interesting mining camps on the continent.
Though but a few years have been devoted to pros- pecting in this district, a number of fine locations have been made and nearly all of them have received more or less development. The " Intrinsic," operated by a Portland, Oregon, company, is a fine property, located on the east side of the mountain and distant from the old town of Robinsonville about two and one-half miles. The ledge is a large one, the ore be- ing gray copper carrying gold. Five tons of ore were shipped from this mine that returned an aver- age of 112 ounces in silver and $5 per ton in gold. The Silver Hill, owued by Schuarr & Haun, also has' a record as a high-grade mine, in the neighborhood of fifty tons of ore having been treated that yielded 268 ounces in silver and $5 per ton in gold. Messrs. Miller & Morris are developing a mine known as "Morris," that promises to become very valuable. The mine is opened through a tunnel and several hundred tons of ore have been extracted and shipped that yielded $48 per ton in gold and silver. The " Ornament" comes next in rotation and is also operated by a Portland combination, the ore being of the same character as that in the mines above mentioned. The Bennet claims, in the same vicinity, have been developed to some extent and all the ore tested has yielded well. The Ruby and Chloride mines, located near the head of Boulder creek, are other properties of great promise, and during next season will be operated tor all they are worth.
On the north side of the mountain a stream, known as Lost creek, finds its source, and on the head- waters of this creek" is located one of the best min- eral belts in Oregon. Within a comparatively small area of territory twenty veins have been prospected, all of which show remarkably well. Prominent among this number are the Yellow Jacket and Salmon, owned by J. N. Manley and C. H. Williams, and the Mossback and Cora, owned and operated by J. H. Hilliard, John Coyle and W. P. Mount. In the latter locations nine mineral bearing lodges, ranging from three feet to six feet in width, have been found within the side lines of the claims and they are so situated that one opening will answer for all of them. The ore from these properties has been thoroughly tested and in every instance the returns have been most gratifying. Shafts have been sunk here and there along the veins that have demon- strated the surface existence of an ore body 300 feet in length. The character of the ore is the same as in all the other mines mentioned, but the great volume of mineral-bearing quartz in sight will ulti- mately bring these two properties into prominence in the mining world. It is a safe prediction that the time will come when the Mossback and Cora will contribute largely to the gold and silver output of the northwest, but capitalists must become identified with their development to bring about a realization of this prediction. Those who are in search of min- ing investments could not find a. more encouraging field to operate in than the Greenhorn country. If the claims above mentioned were in any of the more favored mining districts they would long ago have been pouring their wealth into the channels of trade and a lively, prosperous camp denoted on the map.
Next season will be one of great activity through- out this entire district, and if indications are a safe criterion to be governed by, many valuable ijroper- ties will be opened up before the return of another winter. R- C. G.
Granite, Or., Dec. 25, '94.
Laboring in High Altitudes.
Some curious facts are brought to light on the capabilities of men to labor at high altitudes during the construction of the Peruvian Central Railroad. This line starts at Lima, and proceeding inland, reaches its highest point at the tunnel of Galeria, 15,645 feet above sea level. It is stated that men were able, to do a fair " sea level " day's work as long as the altitude did not exceed 8000 'to 10,000 feet above sea level; but beyond this there was a sudden falling off in the work of one-fourth to one-third up to heights of 12,000 feet, and at still higher eleva- tions 100 men were required to do work easily done by fifty at sea level.
January 5, 1895.
Mining and Scientific Press.
/"lining in Nevada County, Retrospective and Prospective.
Written for the Mining indSi isntific Press by Samvki. ui'ti.kk.
It is customary for the careful and diligent man of business at the close of the year to sit down and bal- ance up his accounts. In a dispassionate manner he is over his business and financial accomplish- ments during the year. He is retrospective, and carefully reviews the past. His future actions are guided in a great measure by his past experience. li is true thai he may anticipate emergencies during the year on which be is just entering, and with the instinct of the true business man he makes proper provision for the same But, nevertheless, he is al- most entirely governed by past failures and suc- cesses,
The object of this writing is to take a calm and dispassionate retrospect of the past and to make some feeble suggestions relative to the future of mining in Nevada county. In doing this my words and opinions will be influenced to a great extent by what we have accomplished in the past through the different systems of mining in vogue here. This is the only chart we have by which to measure the future extent and prosperity of our great industry.
Nevada county bears the proud distinction of be- ing the banner- gold-producing county of California, i tther counties have attempted to compete with her in the race for supremacy, but when the yearly pro- line lions were put to the keen analytical test the disparity was very obvious. The suppression of hy- draulic mining was of more serious consequence to Nevada than to any other county in the State. A careful estimate reveals the fact that through the "inhibition of this system of mining this county was deprived of an annual revenue amounting to $3,750,- 000. The total production of our hydraulic mines up to the time of the suspension of operations through the decrees of the courrs aggregated the magnificent sum of $112.(1011,01111. The great injury received most therefore be apparent to all intelligent minds. Rut in spite of this disparagement we have continued at the head of the procession, and have always been found in the vanguard of progress. Our mines have been developed more successfully and to a greater depth than the mines of any other section of the State. No similar area in the world has paid more magnificently, considering the amount of capital in- vested, than that which comprises Nevada county. But there is yet room for judicious investment, the only thing necessary to success being capital. ■'Money makes money," and without this essential requisite the speculator cannot succeed more suc- cessfully here than elsewhere.
The year 1894 dawned more auspiciously in this county than any previous year since the prohibition of hydraulic mining. The skies were exceedingly bright. Success beamed in every town, village and hamlet in the county. The anticipated resumption of hydraulic mining and a marked improvement in quartz mining imparted enthusiasm to every resident. The previous year— 1893 — had witnessed the most disas- trous financial depression ever recorded in American history. Gloom and depression were everywhere prevalent. But notwithstanding this fact and while the panic was ravaging the country from Maine to California, causing disaster wherever it entered, our people viewed the result with almost stolid indiffer- ence, secure in the knowledge that while other in- dustries were languishing and being forced to the wall through the great depression, our prime indus- try was rapidly increasing in extent and in the amount of production. Congratulations on the en- joyment of such an era of prosperity while the rest of the world was being degraded through commercial and financial depression, were very numerous. In my correspondence to the Press at that time I re- ferred to the prosperous era in the following lan- guage: "The prospects for quartz mining were never brighter than at the present time. Increased interest is manifested by outside capitalists, and we predict for the year 1894 an era of unprecedented prosperity."
During this year the North Star mine increased its output by over $100,000. Most of the other large mines — the Maryland, Omaha Con., Empire, W. Y. O. D., Champion, Providence, Nevada City and Mountaineer — were producing exceedingly well. They were being operated on sound business and financial principles; but a check to this unequalled prosperity came all too suddenly. It came in a manner, too, which sent terror to thousands of noble and courage- ous hearts. On the evening of January 9th the pro- tracted shrill of a mine whistle aroused the residents and betokened danger. Investigation proved that a fire had started in the changing room of the Mary- land mine and had quickly communicated its deadly flames to the buildings adjacent thereto. For a while it seemed as though the entire property would be annihilated by the conflagration. Only the mill was saved of the surface buildings. Even the shaft was mutilated for hundreds of feet. This was a mis- fortune which the owners of the Maryland could illy afford to bear. They had only been in possession of the property a few months and had paid about $70,- 000 of the purchase price when this calamity befell
them. They had secured the property after long and costly litigation, and for a time* there were doubts as to their ability to rebuild. Previous to this time the Maryland, then known as the Idaho, had worked uninterruptedly for twenty-eight years. In that time $12,000,000 had been produced. Em- ployment was given to 200 men, the mine was pro- ducing exceedingly well and fortune seemed to smile on the fortunate owners. The throwing out of em- ployment of such a large number of men was an atlliction which Grass Valley could not lightly bear. She was suddenly deprived of a revenue amounting to $750 a day, and the depressing effect was evident.
" Misfortunes never come singly " is an old adage, as true, probably truer, in mining as in other pro- fessions. Almost simultaneous with the Maryland disaster came the closing of the Champion mine of Nevada City. An injunction was placed upon the Champion Company by the Wyoming Company, and operations were entirely suspended. The latter company contended that the former was encroaching on its ground and they were determined to settle the difficulty by judicial proceedings. The closing of this mine greatly affected the activity and prosperity of Nevada City. The Champion was one of the larg- est and most productive mines in the county, a regu- lar dividend payer and employed 150 men. It had been reopened and worked under great difficulties, causing the outlay of an immense sum of money to put it on a paying basis. The company was just be- ginning to realize the benefits which always accrue from capital judiciously invested, and the town was just emerging from the siege of depression which had hovered around since the suppression of hydraulic mining, when this clash came. But the law is un- compromising, and this mine was destined to remain idle several months, much to the detriment of busi- ness and the prosperity of the town.
With the beginning of March a decline in the pro- duction of the North Star mine was strongly per- ceptible. This mine had increased its output the previous year, as already stated, by over $100,000. A "crossing" was encountered in the 1800-foot level, the appearance of which nonplussed the owners and several mining experts who examined its peculiarities. As depth was attained, the "cross- ing" continued and became more formidable in size and the character of the rock which composed it. It was evident that unless the " crossing " changed its course, and took a more westerly dip, it would seri- ously affect the ledge and limit the product of the mine. These fears were realized, and by the end of the month a reduction in the force of men, which was then 200, was made. This added denseness to the gloom overhanging the city from the suspension of the Maryland mine. The company continued to re- duce its working force until in September nearly all of the 200 miners employed were discharged. Only a few prospectors were retained to try and unearth some new subterranean riches. The company, evi- dently discouraged through the loss of the rich de- posit of ore which had paid so magnificently, decided to abandon the mine entirely; but they shortly after reconsidered the matter of closing the mine, and there are now about one hundred tributers at work there. It is to be hoped that they will succeed in discovering a new "lead" which will retrieve the prestige of this famous mine and make it as pros- perous as in days of yore.
In August the Centennial miue, which had been reopened by a company composed chiefly of Sacra- mento business men, superintended by A. W. Stod- dart, suspended operations. This incident was only serious in so far as it apparently blighted the pros- pects of one of the most promising mines in Grass Valley. There were only a few men employed by this company, and they were working under the con- tract system. The men who were most deeply in- terested in the property claimed that they were un- able to meet the obligations of the mine, having to depend on their current business for financial sup- port; but the great railroad strike so seriously af- fected their business that they were compelled to abandon the property. The Centennial is destined to become a valuable and permanent property. The writer personally inspected it, and in his corre- spondence to this journal at the time stated: "The Centennial Company may be congratulated on the possession of a very promising property; and if they are wise in their day and generation, they will spare no expense to make the development of the mine rapid and complete." This statement still holds good, as little development work has been done since that time. This mine will not be permitted to re- main idle long. It is by far too valuable a property to remain in a state of desuetude. From 1876 to 1882 a party of common prospectors extracted over $500,000 from the vein, which averages a foot in thickness. The last ton of ore crushed before the mine was purchased by the Sacramento syndicate paid $35.
Up to this time we have only written of the re- verses experienced by the mining industry in this county. I have faithfully portrayed the dark side of the picture, and the most unpleasant part of the task is over; but as every cloud, however black, is supposed to have a "silver lining," so there is a bright side to the mining elements here. There were occasions when the sun of prosperity and encourage-
ment would shed its effulgent rays and illumine the gloom. While we did not realize all that we antici- pated, and while the Allison Ranch, Massachusetts Hill and Rocky Bar Hill mines were not rehabili- tated as we were led to expect they would be, still there were other developments which gave cause for encouragement and enthusiasm.
The most marked improvement of any environment of the county occurred at the Osborn Hill. This famous hill will eventually become one of the richest sections of Nevada county. The mines that have been reopened on this hill nave paid immensely on the capital invested. The attention of capitalists is being constantly directed to this section. In the early days this hill was a bee-hive of industry, and now that its intrinsic value has become known we may anticipate remarkable improvements. The Osborn Hill is notably the most successful of the old mines which have been resuscitated. At a depth of 450 feet it produced $2,000,0110. yet it is richer to-day than it ever was. It is one of the most productive mines in Grass Valley and employs a large number of men. During the past year the company has erected a new mill, increased the dimensions of its hoisting works and the capacity of the machinery therein contained. It now gives every indication of being a valuable and permanent property.
The Electric mine, too, is situated on this hill close to the Osborn Hill mine. Many important develop- ments have occurred there during the past twelve months, and the present prospects are very flatter- ing. A mill has been erected and substantial hoist- ing machinery constructed. The last ore extracted paid $50 per ton — a very rich vein considering the cheap facilities for milling. On the same hill is the Conlin mine, which is rapidly making strides on the highway to prosperity. Much is expected of this property when it is properly developed. The Daisy Hill mine is situated in close proximity to the above mentioned mines. It promises to be a remuner- ative property from the start. It has been re- opened during the past year and worked in a manner which reflects great credit on the owners. A vein of ore twenty-one inches thick and averaging from $30 to $50 per ton has been uncovered. A substantial hoisting and pumping plant has been erected, and the mine is lighted by electricity throughout.
The Merrimac has also been reopened during the past few months under the superintendency of L. P. Goldstone. Much may be expected from this source, as the mine has produced some rich ore during former workings. The South Idaho mine has made consid- erable progress in the. past year. The last crushing of ore extracted averaged $200 a load.
In Nevada City the progress has been no less marked and equally gratifying. Several abandoned properties have been rehabilitated and give evidence of becoming valuable and permanent. The feature of greatest significance to the community is the purchase of the Wyoming mine by the Champion Company. This disposes of the dispute involved in the suit brought by the Wyoming Company to re- strain the Champion Company from trespassing on their property. This consummation is fortunate for the business interests of the town because the Champion Company purchases all its materials from local business houses. These properties will be de- veloped on a large scale in the coming spring. Other mines have been reopened, notably the Contact, Col. R. Clark, Home and Reward. Some of these mines have produced remarkably well in former years, and they are being finely equipped with modern appliances, which indicates a long lease of life so far as good intentions are concerned. Most of them are under careful and experienced manage- ment and will undoubtedly become valuable acquisi- tions to the town. The gravel mines have made a very favorable showing during the past year, espe- cially the East Harmony and West Harmony, and they are expected to maintain their equilibrium dur- ing 1895.
And now I wish to refer to the prospects of the mining industry in Nevada county, as viewed from its present condition. We enter the year 1895 with a feeling of confidence. It is true that the produc- tion of our mines for 1894 will be less than for the year previous. The reasons for this falling off have already been given. Most of the causes which led to the reduction were unavoidable, such as the closing of the Champion mine, the Maryland disaster and the. " crossing " encountered at the North Star. These events occurred without having " cast their shadows before." Some of the mines newly opened have com- pensated in a certain measure for the loss sustained through the suspension of some of the older mines. But it will take a number of small mines to equal the production of the North Star alone, which in 1893 produced in round numbers $335,756.
We confess we have but little faith in the immedi- ate resumption of hydraulic mining. The immense benefits which would accrue to this county through the complete resuscitation of this system of mining can only be estimated by those who witnessed the perennial prosperity during the halcyon days of hydraulicking. We believe that American skill and genius will devise some means, in spite of the per- sistent opposition of the valley, whereby hydraulic mining may be resumed without injury or detriment to farming interests. We believe that the miners
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Mining and Scientific Press.
January 5, 1895.
will ultimately triumph. But the legal obstacles are so great and numerous at the present time that we do not anticipate much increase from that source, although several mines have been given permits to resume operations. We must still rely on our quartz mines for the maintenance of our position as the leading gold producing region of the State.
It is my intention to point out— so far as my knowledge of the mines of this county permits me, and without going into detail as to my reason for so doing — where we are likely to derive an increase in our revenue. In Grass Valley the older mines are all in good condition and producing steadily.^ It is conservative to assert that some of them are " look- ing" exceedingly well— better, probably, than they have appeared for several months past. This is especially true of the Maryland, Omaha Con., Em- pire, W. Y. O. D., New Orleans and Pennsylvania mines, which we regard as the oldest and most sub- stantial in this district. Marked improvements have been noticed in all these mines within the past few weeks, and an increased output may be anticipated in the near future. The Pennsylvania Company is just beginning to reap the reward of patient and persistent prospecting. They have managed to keep their heads above water for the past six years and now they are beginning to swim. From the Osborn Hill environment we expect splendid developments during the coming year. Up to this time the Osborn Hill mine has, in a great measure, been doing pre- paratory work. They are now ready to work the mine on a large scale and we predict a great in- crease in the production of this mine. The same must be said for the other mines situated on this hill. The Electric, Daisy Hill and Conlin mines are in a position where they can be relied on to add materially to the gold producing capacity of Grass Valley. Then there is the Rose Hill mine, which has been bonded by a company of Kansas capitalists. This mine has produced over $100,000 at a very superficial depth. The gentlemen who have posses- sion of the property are capitalists of means and they are so highly pleased with the prospects that they have announced their intention of developing it on an extensive plan.
The Kate Hayes mine is situated on the hill whose name it bears. In the '60s it was a noted mine, although not worked to any great depth. It is in a locality which guarantees the development of a splendid mine. If the mine is properly worked — and we have reason to think it is under capable manage- ment— it will prove a dividend-payer before the ex- piration of 1895. The South Idaho is another of the mines that is full of promise. The proprietors, who are mostly local men of limited means, are pegging away in the hope that they will eventually develop a large ana productive mine. These mines, which are nearly all new, in company with the Merrimac, Slate Ledge, Wisconsin and several others, are expected to show a large increase in their production during the coming year.
Rumors are afloat to the effect that James D. Hague has signified his intention to work the mines recently purchased by him on the Massachusetts and Rocky Bar hills in the spring. It is impossible to conceive the object of such dereliction on the part of the owners of these mines, considering the rich min- eral belt in which they are located. The only reason to be assigned is that the company represented by Mr. Hague is waiting until cheaper motor power is introduced — for it is impossible to convey water to these mines for motor power — which is a very im- portant feature in developing mines on an extensive scale. If the proprietors of the Allison Ranch are sincere in their statements, that mine will also be reopened in the spring. We cannot grasp the possi- bilities of this mine when it is properly developed. It has not been operated for over thirty years, but when it was worked it produced $3,000,000 at a depth of 200 feet. The resuscitation of the Allison Ranch would give a new lease of life to the village whose name it is known by. It is also stated that the fa- mous Gold Hill mine is to be reopened in the spring, which is very gratifying news to all Nevada coun- ty an s.
In Nevada City the largest increase is expected from the Champion- Wyoming mine. No more enter- prising company than the Champion ever operated in this county. They enter into all their transac- tions with a vim and energy deserving of success. They have unlimited means and a rich property. Their future plans have not yet been disclosed, but it is gratifying to know that this important mine will not suffer in the coming year in the same man- ner as it has done this year through litigation. It will undoubtedly treble its output in 1895. It is now recognized as one of the bulwarks of the mining in- dustry here. The purchase of the Wyoming prop- erty reflects great credit on the Champion Company and exhibits a strong business sagacity. It is cause for congratulation in Nevada City, because both the mines will be developed jointly and under the same management.
The Mountaineer mine is steadily progressing with- out the blare of trumpets. W. A. Dennis, the superintendent of this mine, is one of the most com- petent and reliable mining engineers that ever en- tered Nevada county, which means much. At thp Mountaineer he has brought order out of chaos. He
labored assiduously until he brought the mine into a high state of efficiency; from an almost worthless property into a dividend-paying mine. During the past year he found it necessary to reduce his work- ing force for the purpose of prospecting certain parts of the mine which had been previously neg- lected. He has succeeded in developing these aban- doned sections, and the old force of men is at work again. We may expect an increase of production from this source in the coming year.
The Providence and Nevada City mines, both large producers, still maintain their position among the leading mines of this town. Barring unforeseen events, these mines are likely to greatly increase their product during the coming year. Especially is this true of the Nevada City mine. The purchase of the Mayflower mine by a company of capitalists rep- resented by Mr. Lane of Calaveras is considered a fortunate incident here. This mine was owned by the Martin brothers of this city for a number of years, and was operated by them on a very meager scale. The transfer of the property indicates that it will be developed on a scale commensurate with its worth. The company is a wealthy one, and, as soon as the weather permits, will make extensive im- provements on the mine. This will help to swell the increase in production everywhere prevalent. The new mines that have recently started will add ma- terially to the wealth of the couuty. We cannot look to them for much of an increase in the near future, but before the expiration of 1895, with proper preparatory work, they will become substantial properties. Quartz mining has received quite an impetus on the San Juan Ridge during the past year. In close proximity to the town of San Juan are some very promising prospects. They are located on the Boss ledge, which is said to be a veritable bonanza. This vein is an immense deposit of gold quartz. Its correct width has not yet been ascertained, although it has been developed for eighty feet. A company of San Francisco capitalists have recently organized to work a portion of this ledge. Should they prove successful, and we sincerely think they will, an inter- est in that section of the county will have been aroused that will result in material benefit to San Juan and the county as a whole. The Live Oak and Badger Hill mines are also situated on this ridge and give evidence of becoming reliable bullion producers. If development work in the quartz mines on the San Juan Ridge continues during the coming year, and sufficient capital can be interested in their welfare, they will prove a valuable adjunct to the county.
I have endeavored to faithfully diagnose the pres- ent condition of the mining industry of our county. I have made no attempt at exaggeration or to lend color to any of the statements I have made. Every assertion can be substantiated by a personal investi- gation of the properties above mentioned. I have suffered too much myself from ephemeral booms, which have been concocted in the minds of reckless speculators, to delude miners and capitalists, to try and mislead others. Parties interested in Nevada county mines have always pursued a conservative course, sometimes to the injury and detriment of their own interests. But from present indications it is safe to assert that this county is just entering on an era of genuine prosperity such as it has not been her good fortune to enjoy since the suppression of hydraulic mining.
Nevada City, Dec. 24, 1894.
Right Kind of "Salt."
Surprise and amusement were created among the officers of the Mercur Mining Company yesterday by the report of Attorney Frew's testimony as to the "salting" of the mines recently purchased by them in California. The gentlemen were inclined to admit that the best of experts can be fooled by "salting," but they are at a loss to understand how it is that, if the mine really was doctored, the ore they have taken out since the purchase of the property has run higher in assays than that on the basis of which they bought the mine. Two carload lots were taken out under Mr. Brown's direction previous to the pur- chase and carefully run through the mill under his supervision. Then, immediately after the purchase, Mr. Brown went to the mine again and took out an- other carload lot to be brought to this city for a test in connection with two kinds of mills, in order to de- termine which one could be used to best advantage. All that ore was removed from the mine, as it were, directly under Mr. Brown's nose; yet it ran several points higher than the first two lots.
Messrs. Dern, Airis, Brown and" others, therefore, are not made at all uneasy by Mr. Frew's declara- tions. They believe that the property has been tested, and that they have become owners of some- thing of real value. Only a break in the weather is awaited before steps will be taken looking to the erection of milling and other improvements. — Salt Lake Tribune.
Tuolumne County.
M. Wolff has a five-column article in a contem- porary arguing that the earth is not an oblate spheroid in form. He says its shape is that of an elongated cone, and proves it — to his own satisfac- tion. The gentleman who recently destroyed the gravitation theory need no longer be lonesome.
From Our Traveling Correspondent.
To the Editor: — Just below the junction of the North and Middle Forks of the Stanislaus river J. S. Sublett of Murphys, Calaveras Co. , is opening up a quartz mine with a ground sluice. His mine, the Chimey Rock, is about half way up the steep moun- tain side. Here a strong reef of granite crops and forms the hanging wall of his vein. This wall shows a skin of quartz rich in gold. The vein and footwall have been ground down by a slide a width of twenty feet. This matter Mr. Sublett is sluicing out to get at his vein. It is rich in gold, and in it are found pieces of the ledge two to four feet wide, all rich in visible gold.
Adjoining this vein are several ledges that show very good rock and on which considerable work has been done, but it is the Chimey Rock vein that he looks upon as his bonanza. South of this lie the Col. Dorsey mines. Mr. Dorsey's working partner, El- liott, has bonded his- interests, and it looks as though something might now be done with this group of mines. To the east the Star and a number of other mines have recently been bonded by Eastern people, who are at work developing the same.
The Keltz, W. Sharwood of Soulsbyville superin- tendent : The mine is steadily being developed by ex- tending the drifts in from the mountain side. As the drifts get depth the quality and quantity of the rock increase in value and size, and the mine is in a more prosperous condition to-day than at any time past, with a bright future before it. The mill is now of fifteen stamps that are kept continuously dropping on the quartz from the six-foot ledge.
West of the Keltz and east of Columbia is the Ham. and Birney, W. Sharwood superintendent. The vein's course is from bottom to top of a ridge 2000 feet high. The mine is developed by a series of drifts driven from the surface on the vein. The vein is about five feet in width and is in slate walls. The vein is very fiat and the back seams immense. The vein can be developed from base to summit by drifts to a depth of about 2000 feet, and as no sinking, pumping, hoisting or expensive timbering are re- quired, the ore can easily be mined and milled for not .to exceed $2.50 a ton. There is a new ten-stamp mill that was started to dropping while I was at the mine. This mill is situated about half way down the mountain side, and, while this mill has a high head of water, its waste water can be used to run another mill at the base of the Mil. The mill is of Mr. Sharwood's de- signing, and in it are a number of features that will recommend themselves to millmen. The front plate in the battery slopes up to and against the screen, with, no strips on the inside of the screen. This causes the water to flow up and against the screen in an even, continuous play, and thus add to the dis- charge. Just above the screen is a narrow board, which, when removed, enables the millman to see the condition of the battery and to fish out any floating wood. Above this is a sheet of iron with wooden frame. The whole front of the battery can be re- moved by simply turning a few buttons. In front of the screen is a narrow plate. Below this the ore flows into a narrow box, and from it through pipe to the plates. These pipes are about two feet long, thus leaving a space for the millman when cleaning up. The plates are hung on rods at the lower ends, so that they can be given any desired pitch. The situation, water power, size and value of the. vein make the mine a good proposition.
Old Tuolumne, R. C. Davis of Columbia, superin- tendent: The mine is northeast of Columbia, on the south fork of the Stanislaus river. The drifts are now in 800 feet on the old and 1700 feet on the new, and they are still driving for the vein. In the old drift the vein is about four feet of $10 ore. Five stamps are now dropping and five more will soon be started. The mine is an old property, but had been idle for some time. With the exception of one or two small claims there is now nothing doing in gravel in this once famous section from Columbia to Sonora.
SummersVille. — Eureka Con., better known as the Old Dead Horse, is running steadily, with Mr. C. H. Thomas as superintendent. The shaft is now down 1360 feet, which makes it the deepest mine in the county. The vein runs from four to five feet in width. At this depth Mr. Thomas mines and mills for an average of $2.50 a tou by the year, and has done it for $2.25, which is very close for shaft work. The mill is of twenty stamps and the whole plant is operated by water power. Just south of the Eureka John Rhube has taken hold of the Lady Washington, and with his usual luck, or rather knowledge, has shown up a shoot of good ore. The Seminole is also said to be looking well, but as the operators of these two were not on the mines at the time, of my visit, I could not get any reliable information concerning either.
Northeast of Summersville is the Cherokee dis- trict. On the north extension of the Dead Horse' is the Laura, W. Long, superintendent. The company has put down a shaft 400 feet and drifted 850 feet north on the four to five-foot vein. The superin- tendent is running to catch the junction of the Car-
January 5, 1895.
Mining and Scientific Press.
lotta and Pennsylvania with their vein. A.s both these veins are known to be rich, he has every reason to expect a rich shoot at their junction. About 1 1 00 Feet north is the old shaft, the ore from which pros- pects well. Mr. Long has averaged loo feet a month in sinking and drifting in granite with a force of but six men. This mine is in the Cherokee district Mr. Leacbman lias bad the Carlotta and Pennsylvania pumped out for inspection. The Carlotta shows fifteen inches oi $35 to $45 ore, while the Pennsyl v.inia. adjoining, shows two feel and over of siu ore. The mines are the property qf Mr. Fred Sutton of Sonora, and are as good an investment as ran be found in the country. Mr. Sharwood of Soulsbyville owns the Ponto Pino, which is just south of the Car
lotta. This is a small vein of heavily mineralized
ore, a property that would delight a Colorado opera
tor who Knows what can be done With small veins of good Ore. If these three mine- were consolidated they could furnish sufficient sulphurets for their own chlorinatioo plant, and thus by working the ore on the ground could be made a very valuable property.
HouUbyviile. — The Old Soulsby, W, Sharwood, owner: The shaft was put down Still feet and a drift run south, and above this three million dollars was sloped out. When this was exhausted, adrift was run north; and as no ore shoot was encountered, the mine was shut down. South is an old shaft, in which, at eighty feet, the early miners came to a ;' throw " in the vein and stopped. The vein matter here went $100 a ton. Pieces of ore found in the old dump show visible gold very freely and prove the value of this ore shoot. It is only necessary to continue this shaft on down and crosscut to get the same shoot; and when sufficient depth is attained to drift north under the old works, and get the north shoot, there is a large area of virgin ground, and the Old Soulsby only needs to be reopened to be added to the list of the big mines of the State.
The Oaks Con.. C. E. Shafer, superintendent; This is the old Black Oak mine. The present owners have reconstructed the hoist and mill, and every- thing indicates that the mine will now begin a chase to show what there is in it. The superintendent is putting down the shaft on a nine-foot vein, carrying four per cent of high-grade sulphurets in addition to the free gold. The ten-stamp mill is kept dropping on the ore taken out in sinking above. Everything goes to show that this mine is all that the writer, in the past, has claimed for it.
North of this section on Sullivan creek is the Bellview or Hyde mine, A. M. Mackdonald superin- tendent. The mill of ten stamps is idle, while the shaft is being put down 200 feet by contract.
Sonora. — This is a very pleasant place for a resi- lience; and being centrally located, makes mining in this county all that could be desired. The volume Of business in Sonora is not as great as would be ex- pected from the extent of mining and agriculture. This is due to the fact that all the old camps, which are scattered all over the county, have large stores that do a thriving business. At Sonora the Golden ( Jate is still in the hands of the affable receiver, Mr. R. B. Lane, pending litigation. The shaft is now down 060 feet, with levels run 800 feet north and 500 feet south. The veins' value is almost entirely in the sulphurets, which are high in grade. The mine is equipped with ten stamps and chlorination works, all run by water power. The Old Bonanza mine has " gone out of bonanza," and is resting on its laurels, while the lucky superintendent, D. R. Oliver, is hunting for a big pocket in the Oregon mines. The pocket miners are at work throughout the county, but of late have struck no big pockets.
Jacksonville. — Mammoth mine, J. P. Bluett super- intendent; This property, 2200 feet in length by 300 in width, is now the property of the Mammoth Mining Co., owners of the Sierra Buttes mines. The mine is situated on the east bank of Woods creek, just north of its junction with the Tuolumne river. The vein is the mother lode, which is being developed by three crosscut tunnels, the lowest of which will tap the vein 500 feet deep. In one of the tunnels the vein is being crosscut, and is now twenty feet wide and the wall not reached. The ore shows visible gold, and the owners are feeling very good over their purchase. A mill site for twenty stamps is now be- ing graded. Additional stamps will be added as the mine is developed. The mine has its own water system, and the future looks very promising for this English company, which, under Mr. Wm. John's management, have steered clear of the breakers that so many of these English companies wreck on, and in their Plumas-Eureka, Sierra Buttes, Uncle Sam and now Mammoth have some of the best mines in the State.
Just north of the Mammoth, on the Eagle is to be found one of the strongest croppings on the mother lode in California. It is remarkable in its height, width and extent.
Quarts Mountain. — On the App the shaft is down 825 feet, with drifts run 225 feet north and 250 feet south. The drifts are now being extended.
The Miller & Holmes, E. A. Stent, superintendent: The south shaft is down 250 feet, with drifts run north and south, and crosscuts 140 feet west and 108 feet east. While I was at Quartz Mountain the superintendent received notice that the mine had been taken by the Napa Quicksilver Co.
The Golden Rule, O. S. Cressy and VV. McGinn, pro-
prietors; The shaft is now down 200 feet and will be put down to L'aii feet, when they expect to strike an old shoot that milled about $10 a ton from a ten-foot vein. The mine has a ten-stamp mill.
The Juniper, Hunt & Landers, proprietors: This property has just been taken hold of. The owners are taking the water out of the old I 10 foot shaft. The ore from this shaft is said to have milled $14 . ton. in addition to the pockets.
The Dutch, A, Trittenliaeh, superintendent: The drift is now being run north from the third level and is in about sixty feel On the hanging wall of the east vein. This drift will cut a known shoot to the north in about forty feet more. In the shaft the vein is about five feet wide of ore that samples from $31 to $42 a ton. The Dutch has all the veins of the mother lode and are but a few feet apart on the surface. In addition, there are a number of feeders, good, big ledges in themselves, coming in on both sides that have been so rich that they were worked as pocket veins. It is only a question of development with this mine, and once Mr. Triltenbach gets his property equipped and developed as he has planned, the Dutch will be the peer of any other nationality, for " it has the stuff in it." All of the mines here mentioned are on the mother lode.
The Pine Ridge, Stent & McDougal, proprietors: This mine is about one mile west of the mother lode and runs east and west, making it a spur or feeder of the mother lode. The vein is from two to five feet wide, with a porphyry hanging wall and slate foot wall. The shaft is now down eighty feet. All the ore taken from the shaft has been milled, giving $14 to $23 a ton.
Jamestown. — The Gem mine, Henslee Bros., propri- etors: This property is better known as the Harris mine. It is being worked by an open cut which, with water power, enables the owners to mine and mill with their ten stamps for $1.25 a ton, the $5.50 to $7.50 ore of the vein.
The Crystalline: This property is being developed under bond by the Black Oak Co. They have a cross- cut in and drifts run on the lode.
Leaving the Crystalline, you drive north over the mother lode to the summit of a hill, where, looking down, the Rawhide mine with its numerous red build- ings spreads out like a panorama below you and suggests a military post or State institution in the extent, uniformity of color, design and general neat- ness of the entire plant. The mill I have described before; suffice it to say that it is a model in every detail and is a credit to the millwright who designed and constructed it. Since my last visit a chlorina- tion plant of three tons a day capacity has been erected. This, too, is a model in every way, particu- larly in its trim, well kept appearance. The hoist is in keeping with the rest of the plant, while the large boarding house with its porches filled with geraniums in bloom suggests more a summer resort than the customary barren mining plant. The affable superintendent, Mr. Nevills, informs me that the shaft is being sunk to the 600-foot level, while drifts have been run 250 feet north and south. The east vein averages ten feet in width, while on the west a forty-five foot crosscut has not reached the walls. This mine has the reputation of producing the richest ore of any mine in the State; but, like other owners of good mines, Mr. Nevills regrets that it is not policy to say anything about the ore values; and so while mining assessments, failures and frauds are glaringly advertised the good mines of the State are forced to keep their product to themselves, and in consequence the capitalists on the outside assert that more money has gone into than has ever come out of the mines, judging from what they see printed.
The Rawhide No. 2 : This mine is the property of Mr. A. Hayward and adjoins the Rawhide on the south. Mr. W. Garrard, of the Gold Cliff mine at Angels, has recently put down a shaft on the north end of this mine and quietly remarks that " She only wants a shaft 600 feet to make her the equal of the Rawhide."
The Rappahannock, R. Chute, superintendent : This mine adjoins the Rawhide on the north. It is equipped with a good steam hoist and the shaft is now down 125 feet in the footwall. The vein in the air shaft prospects very satisfactorily and makes Mr. Chute confident that he has but to get there to get it. Several mines to the north have recently been bonded and work will soon be commenced.
The Darrow mine, Darrow Bros, and Whitney, proprietors : This mine is about three-fourths of a mile northeast of the Rawhide and about 1200 feet east of the Rawhide vein. The mine has been worked off and on for the past thirty years and was once incorporated for $1,500,000. During the past year $19,000 was taken out by the expenditure of about $300. The vein is a mixture of slate and quartz about ten feet wide, and carries three per cent of sulphurets that assay $100 a ton. The owners put the average milling value of the vein at $10 a ton. They have now erected a water-power hoist and will proceed to develop the mine. In clearing out the old shaft it became necessary to put a shaft into the footwall. This shaft threw out quartz which is just lousy with gold."
Tutthtnwit.— The old Pat Mullen mine, just south- west of Tuttletown, has been secured by Mr. E. C.
Loftus of the Golden Gate mine. He is engaged in
driving a tunnel from Mormon creek and shows vei\ handsome rock; it is good for a line property.
I Yank i ; rass and Williams are also starting a tun- nel ,.u their mine on the west branch of the mother lode.
The writer has endeavored several times to secure a map showing the situation of the various mines. the different mineral belts and the geology of the county, but has failed. In the higher elevations are the Sugar Pine mines. These were worked exten- sively years ago and were very rich. Below them follows the belt in tin' I lead Horse group. Adjoin- ing come the cross veins in the Cherokee belt; then the Soulsbyville granite belt, while to the north are the Keltz, Ham & Birney, and other mines in the slate. Still on west is the Sonora belt, with the Golden Gate mine. To the south and north, extend- ing to Columbia, is the pocket belt in the dykes and slates adjoining the limestone belt. Lower down and west the mother lode enters the county from Mari- posa county at Jacksonville, and follows across to Quartz Mountain, Jamestown, Rawhide, Tuttletown, and crosses into Calaveras county at Robinson's Perry. In the vicinity of Tuttletown are numerous pocket veins on Jackass Hill that have, in the aggre- gate yielded large amounts. In pocket mining Tuol- umne has stood at the head, with a production of $3,000,000 from the Bonanza in pockets. West of the mother lode are several strong ledges, while numer- ous feeders cross the country through this talc and serpentine slate belt. As will be seen, the county is traversed by succeeding mineralized belts that ex- tend from the plains to the higher altitudes in the mountains, giving it an extent of mineralized country not equalled by any county in the State, thus assur- ing the mining future of the county.
The mines in operation and those in course of de- velopment will soon need an increased water system, and the present ditch owners should awaken from their Rip Van Winkle sleep to the condition of the present and prospects for the near future. There is nowhere a safer, more profitable or desirable invest- ment than the purchase and increase of this water system. As you leave Tuolumne _the last stopping place is the Chicken House at Tuttletown, where all mining men find an excuse for stopping. No matter how bad the weather, unfavorable the ventures or churlish the treatment received elsewhere, one meal of the delicious fried chicken served here blots out all else and the traveler journeys on, singing "Here's to Old Tuolumne, and may her gold output and chickeu crop never grow less." E, H. Schaepfle.
Murphys, Cal., Dec. 19, 1894.
Quicksilver.
California has the only important quicksilver mines on the American continent, but this industry in late years has had to contend with a number of unfavorable factors. The unprecedented decline in the value of silver bullion, and the consequent re- striction of mining operations, greatly curtailed the demand; and the loss of the China trade, for many years the chief support of the quicksilver market, was also a serious setback to one of California's most important industries.
When a large number of deposits were being worked in this State, and the output resulted in low prices, California successfully outbid London for the trade with the Orient. But as the price of quick- silver declined to a point at which many of the small mines could not be profitably worked, the list was narrowed down and the annual yield fell off consid- erably. With a more limited yield, however, and such demands as were made on producers from New York, etc., the market recovered to some extent.
The average price in 1880 was $31 per flask, de- clining to $27,25 in 1883, and advancing to $53.25 in 1890. The present current rate is $37.
The largest annual production was 79,396 flasks, in 1877, and the largest number exported by sea and overland was in 1879, being 62,845. The highest price on record iu the San Francisco markets was $1.55 per pound, in 1874-5, and the lowest was 33 cents in 1879.
In November, 1874, a contract was made for the monthly delivery of 400 flasks for one year to the Bonanza mines at $1.50 per pound.
There was an increase in the export trade during- the year. There were 3346 more flasks exported iu '94 than in '93, but the value in '94 was but $541,380 as against $581,616 in '93, the prices having been lower last year.
The exports of the year were distributed as follows:
To— Flasks. Value.
NewYorl< 8,120 $24,'l.iilKi
China 4,600 13K,l«n
Australia 100 3,000
New Zealand 10 300
Central America 804 24,120
Mexico J.161 124,830
British Columliia 16 1,380
Canada 200 . 6,000
Japan 5 150
Totals 18,046 $541,380
A recapitulation of the shipments by both sea and rail during the year is as follows:
Flasks. Value,
Uvsea . 18,046 $541,3811
By raj] 10.933 395,400
Totals. . 28,9711 (936,780
Mining and Scientific Press.
January 5, 189s.
Scientific Progress.
A Chemical Curiosity.
Among the various uses to which electricity has been put since its cheap production by the modern "dynamo" has been secured is the reduction of metallic ores or compounds in one or another form of the " electric furnace." The production of aluminum on a large commercial scale is the oldest and best known of these. There are, however, several cases in which the separation of the single element is not secured even in the electric furnace, but in which the element desired, while part- ing with its former companions, insists upon a substitute, and takes the same from the carbon electrodes or lining of the furnace, or from eai-bon mixed with it. This is l he case in the manufacture of "carborundum," which is a com- pound of silicon and carbon, formed by heating silica and carbon powder in an electric furnace. This compound has reached a large commercial application, by reason of its extreme hardness, which makes it a very superior substi- tute for emery or corundum, as a cut- ting and polishing material. The latest development in this direction, however, is seen in the calcium carbide, which is prepared by heating in an electric fur- nace a mixture of lime and coal dust. The metallic calcium liberated by the action goes at once into combination with carbon to form a carbide, which is a mineral body of remarkable proper- ties.
In appearance, when in masses, it somewhat resembles the mineral ser- pentine, being of a greenish-gray color and crystalline fracture, with a luster like feldspar. If a few drops of water are thrown on this mass of seeming rock, gas is given off, which, if ignited, burns with a brilliant flame; and, by continuing from time to time to sprinkle the rock with water, it will be made to blaze continuously as though it was being sprinkled with some very volatile and inflammable oil. If a frag- ment of the mineral is thrown into a glass of water, a rapid evolution of gas results, which may be ignited, and will continue to burn until the mineral is exhausted. The cause of these actions is that the calcium carbide in contact with water forms calcium oxide and acetylene gas, the oxygen of the water combining with the calcium to form calcic oxide or lime, and the hydrogen of the water combining with the carbon to form acetylene. It is proposed to use this calcium carbide for local gas machines. A charge of the mineral is placed in a closed vessel into which a regulated supply of water is admitted. A little water entering forms a quantity of gas whose pres- sure shuts off the water; but, as the gas is used up, more water comes in to renew the supply. What may be the commercial value of this material cannot be at present determined, but it is certainly a great chemical curiosity.
Four Hundred Degrees Below Zero.
Four hundred and twenty-four de- grees Fahrenheit below zero ! Just what this means it is almost impossible to imagine, and yet it is one of the temperatures which have been reached and used in laboratory research, and has been made, the subject of some highly interesting experiments and ex- planations by Prof. Dewar before the British Royal Institution. Four hun- dred degrees below zero is not an every- day temperature, nor can it be reached by more every-day means than the ex- pansion of liquid air, which latter Prof. Dewar has succeeded in producing in comparatively large quantities, and in storing by novel and ingenious methods, to be used as required in the study of matter at abuormally low temperature, exactly as a spirit iamp or a Bunsen burner is used in studying the proper- ties of different bodies at the higher temperatures.
The tensile strength of iron at 400 degrees below zero is just twice what it is at 60 degrees above. It will take a strain of sixty instead of thirty tons
to the square inch, and equally curious results have come out as to the elonga- tion of metals under these conditions. It was an idea of Faraday that the magnetism in a permanent magnet would be increased at very low tem- peratures, and experiments with com- paratively low temperatures had i-ather negatived Faraday's suggestion, but Prof. Dewar has completely verified the opinion of the famous savant, hav- ing shown that a magnet at the ex- tremely low temperature made possi- ble by the liquid air had its power in- creased by about 50 per cent. Very low temperature was shown also to have a remarkable effect upon the color of many bodies. For example, the brilliant scarlet of vermilion and mer- curic iodide is reduced, under its influ- ence to a pale orange, the original color returning with the rise of the temperature. Blues, on the other hajd, are unaffected by cold, and the effect is comparatively small upon or- ganic coloring in matters of all tints. — Cassier's Magaziue.
The New Constituent of the Air.
Lord Rayleigh's curious discovery is that the gas obtained by taking vapor of water, carbonic acid, and oxygen from common air is denser by w lw than nitrogen obtained by chemical processes from nitric oxide, or from nitrous oxide, or ammonium nitrite, thereby render- ing it probable that atmospheric air is a mixture of nitrogen and a small proportion of some unknown and heavier gas. Rayleigh and Ramsey (who joined in the work at this stage) have since succeeded in isolating the new gas, both by removing nitrogen from common air by Cavendish's old process of passing electric sparks through it, and taking away the ni- trous compouuds thus produced by alkaline liquor; and by absorption by metallic magnesium. From this occur- rence Lord Kelvin deduces "a fresh and most interesting verification of a statement which I took occasion 1o make in my presidential address to the British Association in 1871: ' Accurate and minute measurement seems to the non-scientific imaginartion a less lofty and dignified work than looking for something new. But nearly all the grandest discoveries of science have been but the rewards of accurate measurement and patient, long-con- tinued labor in the minute sifting of numerical results.' The investigation of the new gas is now being carried on vigorously, and has already led to the wonderful conclusion that the gas does not combine with any other chemical substance which has hitherto been pre- sented to it."
A Big Copper Deal Predicted.
Chicago advices say : An inter- national deal in copper is likely to be perfected soon. Ever since the smash- up of the great corner in copper which was created by a French and Euglish syndicate three years ago speculators have been figuring how to put through some such scheme. This time it is a combination of French capital which will engineer the scheme. Represen- tatives of the combine were in Chicago several days ago and were joined here by John Dempter of Glasgow. Arthur Turnbull of New York, who is inter- ested in the American end of the deal, also came on here, and yesterday this party left for the West. Their mission, it is said, is to confer with the owners of the immense Montana and Arizona properties.
The scheme of the syndicate is to get the. owners to cut in two the out- put and not exceed 5,000,000 pounds a month. This would bring down the figures of the Anaconda properties to those of the. Hecla and Calumet mines. All the arrangements have been made for the carrying out of the deal, and it only remains for Marcus Daly to give his consent. He is a difficult man to deal with, but the promoters profess to believe that they can afford tcoffer a big inducement.
A thoroughly competent Amalgamator wants a position where mine and mill assaying is required. References given. Address Box D, this office.
Professional Cards.
WM, GILBERT, B. S.. Manager.
PRACTICAL ENGINEERING SCHOOL,
205 Goodnough B'ld'g, Portland, Or.
) Civil. Electrical, Steam, Mining-, Assaying-. » Full charge of plant taught. Circular.
The Evans Assay Office.
W. N. JEHU, - - - - Proprietor.
Successor to Jehu & Ogden.
I 638 Montgomery Street, San Francisco. ]
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1 Ore Assays, Analyses of Minerals, Metals ' and their Alloys, Etc.
LESSONS GIVEN IN ASSAYING.
/\. GOOFMER,
Practical Metallurgist,
c Nevada Road, Grass Valley, Nevada Co. Cal.
J Assaying in all its branches. Strange looking £ Jminerals examined and value determined. ) Gold, Silver and Lead Ores bought on asBay. ) Agent for Selby Smelting & Lead Co., Sa (Francisco.
> School of Practical, Civil, Mechanical, J
Electrical and Mining Engineering:.
i Surveying. Architecture, Drawing and Assaying. '
723 Market St., San Francisco, Cal.
OPEN ALL YEAR. A. VAN DER NAILLEN. President.
< Assaying of Ores, §25; Bullion and Chlorination t Assay. $25; Blowpipe Assny, $10. Full Course | of Assaying. $50. Established 18(54. — ■ Send for Circular.
ROOM 5, CROCKER BUILDING, [ Cor. Market and Montgomery Sts., San Francisco. J
Will give attention to the sale of and report- 1 ing on RELIABLE Mining Properties, or the < 1 procuring of suitable Machinery for Interest t 1 in Developed Mines.
Plans and Estimates made for IMPROVED i . CYANIDE PROCESS PLANTS, and competent j , instruction for working the same on a large, practical scale.
! Nevada Metallurgical Works,
No. 23 Stevenson Street,
Near First and Market Sts., San Francisco.
C. A. LTJCKHARDT, Manager.
Established 1869.
ORES WORKED BY ANY PROCESS.
Ores Sampled.
t ASSAYING IN ALL ITS BRANCHES.
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i PLANS AND SPECIFICATIONS furnished i for the most suitable process for working < ores.
i SPECIAL ATTENTION paid to examina- tions of mines; plans and reports fur- nished.
C. A. Luckhardt & Co.,
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i Everette's Mining Office.
(Pioneer Mining Geologist's Office of
the Pacific Northwest.)
MINING LAW, MINE EXAMINATIONS,
METALLURGY, ASSAYING AND
ANALYSIS.
'Consulting Associate Mining Law."
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Will examine and report upon "Title and Exact Value" of Gold, Silver, Lead, Copper, Coal, Iron, Clay or other Mineral Properties IN ANY PART OF THE WORLD. Any information mining men may desire to know, relative to the MINERAL or COAL resources of the entire Pacific Northwest, will be hon- estly given.
Dr. Willis E. Everette,
1318 E Street,
Tacoma. State of Washington, U. S. A.
F^OR SALE.
1 Latest Improved Bruckner Furnace.
2 Chlorinating Cylinders of cast iron, lead lined. 1 set Krom Rolls.
The above in use but a short time. For sale cheap. Address L. C S., Box A.,
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Tuolumne Mining Bureau,
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Developed anr1. undeveloped mines for sale at lowest possible prices, for cash or bund. Cor- respondence and personal interviews solicited.
Assay office attached.
o. c. WILBUR & co.
WELLMACHINERYworts
LIGHTNING I
LARGEST . .
All kinds of tool*. Fortune for the driller by using our Adamnntine process; can takeacore. Perf ected Econom- ical Artesian Pumping Rlirs to work by Steam. Air, etc LetUflhelpT«ii. THE A11EKIGAN tfELLWOBkS, Ayron, III) tblcftvo, Ill.i Uuliai, Tei.
! RUPTURE!
IT has been considered by the medical profession that hernia — commonly called rupture— was incurable, except by surgi- cal operation, which is both dangerous to life and very rarely ever successful. But DR. J. C. ANTHONY, of 86 and 87 CHRONI- CLE BUILDING, has opened a new Held for research, and for the past year has been mak- ing some remarkable cures. He causes the patient no pain, and those living near enough do not lose any time only while in his office once or twice weekly. He guarantees every caBe he treats, and does not ask a man for a dollar unless he cures him, so there can be no chance of any one being cheated. The doctor is a graduate of Bellevue Hospital Medical College, of New York City.
HENDRIC& B0LTH0FF MFfjXO. DENVER
colo:
MILLING
SUPPLIES
\mm
Business 34 PoBt Street,
College,
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FOR SEVENTY -FIVE DOLLARS
This College instructs In Shorthand. Tvpe- Writing Bookkeeping:, Telegraphy. Penmanship. Drawing, all the English branches, and everything pertaining to business, for full six months. We have sixteen teachers and give individual instruction to all our pupils.
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Rates of Tuition Very Moderate.
Bookkeeping, Penmanship, Shorthand, Typewrit- ing. English Branches, etc. Graduates aided [n get- ting positions. Send for circulars. T. A. ROBINSON.
President.
UNION IRON WORKS,
SACRAMENTO CALIFORNIA.
ROOT, NEILSON & C0.,O
— Manufacturers of —
STEAn ENGINES, BOILERS,
And all kinds of ♦ -f MACHINERY FOR MINING PURPOSES.
Flour Mills, Saw Mills and Quartz Mills; Machin- ery Constructed, Fitted Up and Repaired. FRONT STREET, Bet. IV <«= O.,
SACRAMENTO, CAL.
The Explorers' and Assayers' Companion.
A Third Edition off Selected Portions off the "Explorers', Miners' and Metal- lurgists' Companion."
By J. S. PHILLIPS. M. E.
The work is divided into four parts— Rocks. Veins. Testing and Assaying. The geological chapters are intended to give miners a practical idea of the various formations. The chapters on mineral veins are derived from long observation, and the section on exploration has been carefully considered. All that relates to discrimination and assay has been kept as free from formulas as possible. The work is written for practical men. and all the explana- tions and dlscrlptlons are clear and to the point. It is so prepared that it is useful to uneducated men as well as scientists.
Price ?ti.OO postpaid. Sold by THE MINING AND SCIENTIFIC PRESS, 220 Market St., San Francisco
January 6, 1895.
Mining and Scientific Press.
MIINIING
inn ..m i- Aw uu>bi>. Courses Inoihorti
Ualhomatlca and Send for FREE Circular, staling aubjeci
you wish toatudy.toThe Correspond ■** School
«»i Mini--. Scrmnf Pa.
Selby Smelting Lead Company,
410Hontgom6ry street, Sim Franolaco,
Gold and Silver Refinery
AND
Assay Office.
HIGHEST PRICES PAID FOR GOLD, SILVER AND LEAD ORES AND SULPHURETS.
Manufacturers of
BLUESTONE, LEAD PIPE, SHEET LEAD,
SHOT, ETC., ETC.
Also Manufacturers of STANDARD SHOT-GUN CARTRIDGES,
Under Chamberlin Patent.
John Taylor & Co.
Importers and Dealers in
Assayers' Materials,
TWin© and mill Supplies.
Also Chemicals, and Physical, School and Chemical Apparatus.
63 & 05 First St., Cor. Mission, San Francisco.
<*y--j4 We would oall the attention ^ss==^s~:^ i of Assayers, Chemists, Mia- tjCM.C.cQj
lng Companies, Milling Com- \n^^7erA/ panies, Prospectors, etc., to V: ' fc"ry ■ our full stock of Balances. -^
| Furnaces, Muffles, Crucibles, Scoriflers, etc., | including, also, a full stock of Chemicals. § Having been engaged in furnishing these
y supplies since the first discovery of mines I on the Pacific Coast, we feel confident from il our experience we can well suit the demand for these goods, both as to quality and price. , Agents of the Denver Fire Clay Co. and for the Morgan Crucible Co., Battersea, England. Also for E. G. Dennlston's Sil- ver Plated Amalgam Plates. The plates of this well-known manufacturer are thoroughly reliable, and full weight of Silver guaranteed. Orders taken at his lowest prices. Our Illustrated Cata- logue and Assay Tables sent free on application. JOHN TAYLOR & CO.
t *
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► f CARBONS" BLACK DIAMONDS) ^!» FOB ^
DIAMOND DRILLS.
S. D. DESSAU,
IMPORTED.
4& 6 John St., 4 Mew York,.
* 4
GIANT POWDER FUSE CAP FASTENER.
The instrument presented in the above cut la a new and grand little invention: being: designed to Rave life and limb, and Innumerable lawmiits, by doing away with the d.mtrei-ous operation of digging out wet and unexploded loads, where Giant Powder is used in mining. The instrument is made of the finest cast steel, and crimps the cap on the end of the fuse firmly and absolutely watertight. There ia also a Fuse Cutter attached. Price 75c. each. MOODEY & SHERWOOD Fresno, Cal.
W. H. Birch & CO. (Incorporated)
Manufacturers of Passenger and Freight Elevators, Improved Steam Pumps,
Improved Corliss Engines, Mining Machinery,
Cable Railway Machinery.
119 BEALE STREET, SAN FRANCISCO, CAL.
The Ideal Steam Oil Refiner
FOR STEAM POWER PLANTS.
The Purity Oil Filter
K(J1! WATER POWER PLANTS.
Will reclaim your waste ml and make I' eojn»l :n,.i in better iiiiiu new oil. will ceduoe vour oil
bills SO per cent end suve »our bearings, in use with the largest and best plants everywhere ' For prioea and particulars, address
D. m. OOUB, 137 First Street, San Francisco, Cal.
Mining Machinery.
STAMP BATTERIES.
Corliss and Meyer Cut-off
Steam Engines.
Improved
BlakeRock Breakers.
Amalgamating: Pans and Settlers.
CHLOR1NATION BARRELS.
BRUCKNER ROASTING CYLINDERS.
f VULCAN ♦
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Vulcan Iron Works,
135 to 145 Fremont Street, San Fran- cisco, Cal.
Van Drake & Taylor,
MACHINISTS
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MECHANICAL ENGINEERS, 523 and 525 Mission Street, San Francisco, Cal.
£ SPUR, BEVEL AND WORM GEARS,
ANY SIZE. CUT TO ORDER, FROM ONE-EIGHTH INCH TO-SOUR FT. DIAMETER.
■a PATENT MODELS and Experimental Machinery of all kinds. SHAFTING, PULLEYS and BOXES. ENGINES and BOILERS.
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CASCADE WATER WHEEL
Adapted to all heads, from 30 FEET TO 2000 FEET. Our expe- rience of 33 YEARS in the water wheel business enables us to suit every requirement of water power plants. Send for illustrated pamphlet. This hew wheel has given an unequaled Economy in 'Water.
JAMES LEFFEL& CO.Springfield,Ohio,U.S.A.
220 Market St, SAN FRANCISCO,
DEWEY & CO.,
PATENT SOLICITORS.
ESTABLISHED 1863
Inventors on the Pacific Coast will find it greatly to their advantage to consult this old experienced, first-class agency. We have able and trustworthy associates and agents in Washington and the oapi- tal cities of the principal nations of the world. In connection with our scientific and Patent Law Li- brary, and record of original cases in our office, we h ive other advantages far beyond those which can be offered home inventors by other agencies. The information accumulated through long and careful
practice before flic Office, and the frequent examination of patents already granted, for the purpose of i T¥_- r,.,,,™, , tvt./-\/-»t*oo /-«/-. determining the patentability or inventions brought before us- enables us to give advice which will J IHH RUSSfcLL ltvOCnSo LL)B. save inventors the expense of applying for patents upon inventions which are not new. Circulars and ***** **ww \ vwtyv wm
ajjvice sent free on receipt of postage, Address DEWEY & CO., Patent Agents, 220 Market St., S.F. I Paris city, Xltnh,
Kose's Complete Practical M
acMiiist.
19th EDITION GREATLY ENLARGED.
JUST RErtDY.
The Complete Practical Macl 81: Embraolnir
Lathe Work, Vise Work Drills and Drilling, Taps
Hardening and Tempering, Tlie Making
and Dae o( Toole, Tool Orlndlng, Harking oul Work
Machine Poola, etc, By Joshua BoBe, M. B..autlior
01 Ml-clianleal Urawliif Sell Taut-fit.' "Modern
Steam Engines," "Steam Bollera, " The Slide valve." "Pattern Maker's Assistant." Illus- trated In 896 (Miirravli.t-s. mil, edition, groailv en- larged, wiih n,u and valuable matter, uhno. .mm pages. Price, •2.50. itriimll, free of postage, to any address In I he world.
Agsrru ..minis, -chapterl. OutilmtToola
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andFeed. in. Boring Tools (or Lathe Work. iv. Screw Cutting Tools, v Lathe Dogs, Carriers or Drivers. VI. Turning Eccentrics. Vll. Hand Turn- ing, vm. Drilling In the Lathe. IX. Boring Bars X. Slotting Machine Tools. XI. Twist Drills, xn. ' Steel, xiii. Taps and Dies. XIV. Vise Work:
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XIX. Machine Tools. XX. To 0) ate the s
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: r A circular of 4 pages, with specimens ><t tin Illus- trations, showing the full Table of Oontents, aall /»■ Km! .in, to any onefumieMng hie address,
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HENRY CAREY BAIRD & CO.,
INDI'STIUAI. PlIll.lSUiaiS.BnoKSia.I.KKS.tlMeiilM l.lis
Kin Walnut St.. Philadelphia, Pa., V. S. A.
THE GOLD and SILVER EXTRACTION COMPANY, OF AMERICA.
LIMITED.
THAOE MARK.
iWCABTHUR-FORHEST PH0C£l©
MacArthur-Forrest Process.
CAPITAL, - - - £110,000 STERLING.
To MINE OWNERS and others having Refrac- tory Gold and Silver Ores hitherto unbeatable at a profit, the MacARTHUR-FORREST (Patent) Process of Gold and Silver Extraction offers a so- lution of the difficulty.
Advisory Board in the United States: Thomas W. Goad, Manager; Hugh Butler, Attorney; John F. Bell; P. George Gow.
California and Nevada Agency and Experimental Plant, US Stevenson Street, San Francisco, Cal. P. G. Gow, Sole Agent. Office: McPhee Building, Denver, Colorado.
THE ROESSLER & HASSLACHER CHEMICAL CO.,
73 Pine Street, New York.
CYANIDE
-OF-
POTASSIUM,
Ferricyanide of Potassium, Peroxide of Sodium, Hyposulphite of Soda, Sulphide of Iron,
And Other Chemicals.
Trade Mark
ISH
-EASTERN PRICES BEATEN.
SAN FRANCISCO^
^ — Pioneer Screen Works W JOHN W. Q UICK, Prop.
Improved Facilities! Finest Work! Lowest Prices
Perforated Sheet Metals. Steel. Russia Iron,
American Planish, Zinc, Copper and Braes Screens
for All Uses.
^ MINING SCREENS A SPECIALTY. ***
221 and 323 First Street, San Francisco, Cal.
QUARTZ SCREENS
A specialty. Round, slot or burred slot holes. Genuine Russia Iron, Homogeneous Steel.Cast i Steel or American plan- ished Iron, Zinc, Cop- per or Brass Screens for all purposes. California Perforating Screen Co.. 145 and 147 Beaie St., S. F.
BfRussell Process.
For information concerning this process for the reduction of ores containing precious metals, and terms of license, apply to
10
Mining and Scientific Press.
January 5, 1895.
Mining Summary.
The following is mostly condensed from journals published in the interior, in proximity to the mines mentioned.
CALIFORNIA.
Amador.
The Kennedy— Jackson District.— Record : Superintendent Parks of the Kennedy is a great prospector. He constantly has men at work opening up new ground and prospecting the ledge, no matter how well the mine may be paying at the time. The south shaft has been "sunk 200 feet recently, making it now 1750 feet with a seventy foot sump, vertical depth or nearly 2500 feet length of shaft. Sinking is soon to be commenced at the north shaft to carry it down 200 feet, that is to the same depth as the south shaft. During the past week some repairs to the north shaft preparatory to beginning sinking have tied up the north skips and the greatest portion of the work has been done at the south shaft. As soon as the sinking is completed at the north shaft they will crosscut to the ledge, connect- ing the crosscuts by a drift. The additional depth of the Kennedy shaft makes it the deepest mine working on the mother lode, and probably the deepest in the State. Trinity.
Chloride Quartz Mill Crushed.— James and Charles Gilzean have leased the Bailey mines at Dedrick and intended to stop at the mines and work through the winter, but gave it up as the snow was getting too deep and was sliding in all directions. All around the cabins the snow was eight to ten feet deep. On the 20th ult. says the Journal a snow slide started across the creek, surged up the hill and struck the little house covering the Pelton water wheel which runs the Chloride quartz mill, knocking that down. The mill itself then fell but did not slide. The snow covered everything but the mill was not much injured. This is the third time that this mill has been wrecked by snow. Once at Dead- wood when Ballou owned it and once in the winter of '91 and '92, when a snow slide swept it from its present site and spread it along the creek and ravine for a mile.
ARIZONA.
Cherry Creek.— Courier: D. E. Dumas has been in town for the past few days paying out money made from ore which he arras traed from his gold claims on Cherry creek. The ore yielded §25 per ton and the concentrates con- tain at least $100 or more per ton. A concen- trator is badly needed for that camp. He has a vein of from two or three feet of pay ore in his mines. Three quartz mills will probably soon be in operation on the creek. The De Kuhn mill, leased by Major "Watts, the Conger mill and the Barshaw mill.
Messrs. Sines and Smith have struck it rich in their Cherry mine and have exposed, near the surface, a'pav streak twenty inches wide which pans not less that $200 per ton gold. A shipment of several tons of ore from the mine is now at the sampler.
Tin Mine.— Cap. .Tones, a prospector, has lo- cated a tin mine 125 miles from Yuma and fifteen miles from the Colorado river. The ore is a grayish black and specimens sent to various cities show that the ore is about ten per cent tin. The Temeseal mines run one and one-half per cent tin. The ore lies in a bed, apparently of several hundred acres, and appears to have slid down a mountain. It is mixed with red and yellow oxides, and is covered with layers of quartz and talque.
ALASKA.
At Seward City, the additional twenty stamps are finished. The Bear mine tunnel has been driven 135 feet, and has now 310 feet more to go to tap the ledge at a point about 300 feet under the old workings. A winze is being sunk on the ledge to connect the two tunnels run formerly by the German company in the Bear mine, and the ore has increased in grade.
At the Comet mine the bottom level is driven ahead continually in high-grade ore that assays more than that taken from the top levels. One hundred feet from the face of the bottom level a crosscut is going ahead to tap Comet ledge No. 2, located farther up the hill. This will furnish extensive stoping ground. At present the Comet mine has a finer showing of ore in sight than at any time in its develop- ment. Gold bullion shipments are made from the mill twice a month.
The Yukon Country. — Writing from Hunter's creek, in the Yukon River region, to the Record, a miner says the stream is 150 miles above the mouth of the Tananah river and 750 miles below the mouth of Forty Mile. Fourteen white men are working there on the bars with very good success. The bedrock so far as known is from three to six feet under surface. The miners have averaged from one to one and one-half ozs. per day, and of course the pay will increase as they get their claims opened up.
During the summer the miners became alarmed, fearing they would run out of pro- visions, and stationed a watch ou the bank of the Yukon to hail any passing boat with sup- plies. Healy & Hamilton's steamer came along and supplied the camp with §3,000 worth of grub, the miners planking down the gold dust for the same.
Hunter's creek is about fourteen miles in length. The rich discoveries on the Yukon this year are the following creeks : About 200 miles below Forty Mile are four rich creeks, named the Independent, Miller, Mastodon and Mammoth. It is said that the creeks exceed in richness the former discoveries on Forty Mile or Miller creeks, the miners so far aver- aging from two and one-half to three and one- half ozs. per day. Some miners here have taken up two and. three claims though it is not likely that more than one can be held, but on
account of the great richness of the ground the men are much excited. These claims are 500 feet long and run the full width of the creeks, which pay the full width. This is the reason this creek is so much more valuable than others. Hundreds of claims just as good as those staked out are still open for location. Claim operators are offering $16 a day for men with none to be had at that rate of wages. Well-posted miners say there will he work for 1000 men for the next ten to fifteen years. There is an abundance of water with a good fall. Bedrock is nowhere more than five feet below the surface. There is already a beauti- ful townsite located on the banks of the Yukon and about 100 houses in course of construction. The mines are about fifty miles from here and of course all supplies of every sort have to be packed there.
No man should come to the Yukon country with less than ¥300 to #500 after paying all ex- penses to Forty Mile. Too much emphasis cannot be given to this warning. Credit for supplies is a thing of the past and cannot be expected again in this region.
I5KITISH COLUMBIA.
Too Much Exaggeration. — For several weeks past the provincial papers have been publishing exaggerated accounts of the great gold finds ou Kaslo creek, says the Kootenai Mail. Such yarns will not only injure Kaslo, but the whole district. It is on a par with the exaggerated reports about the gold (placer and quartz) found in the Cariboo creek dis- trict, recently blazoned to the world by local contemporaries. The Kaslo correspondent of the Vancouver World thinks enougli harm has been done the town by this "besetting sin of western journalism, "and calls a halt in the columns of that journal.
Word from Silver City is to the effect that wonderfully rich ore bodies have been en- countered in the Tip Top mine. Assays from a streak fifteen inches wide, which extends to the 100-foot level and possibly farther, went $500 in gold and 8,000 ounces of silver a ton. The lode is from thirty-five to forty feet wide. The Tip Top is owned by Colonel G. V. Bryan, formerly of Hailey, and G. W. Venable of New York, who also owns the Red Elephant.
NEVADA.
Eureka District.
Richmond Con. Mining Co.— At the annual meeting in London recently the chairman stated that the output for the year ending February 28th last was 074 ozs. of gold, 27,389 ozs. of silver and 250 tons of lead. The mine has been worked for most part by tributers and a considerable quantity of ore taken out, but none of the rich pockets fouud which had distinguished the mine in the past. The ore has been shipped and sold to the smelters at Salt Lake. The chairman advised against any further expenditui'e in the effort to find new mines and believes that more could be done by continuing to explore the Richmond mine itself. The balance of revenue on hand was sufficient to pay a dividend of Is per share. The statement of the chairman and the report were approved by the stockholders.
Washoe District.
On the Comstook. — The official report of the work done in the Consolidated California and Virginia mine last week is as follows: 1050-foot level— We have continued to stope ore from the new ore body, above and below the sill floor of this level, from the sixth floor up to the eleventh floor and on the eleventh floor have opened out two more sets of timbers to the south in good ore, making ten sets in all from north to south. From the south face on the eleventh floor, in the southwest corner, we have opeued out three sets of timbers up- ward. The twelfth floor carries five feet of good ore lying against the west or footwall, and the south face on this floor is in ore of good quality. 1700-foot level— In working up- ward from "the sill floor of this Level and out- ward to the north and south we have con- tinued to extract good ore. 1750-foot level— From the sill floor of this level on the north side of the winze sunk from the 1700-foot level, our stoping in the ore body has been carried up to the fifth floor, and from the sec- ond to the fifth floor we have extracted 130 tons of ore assaying on the aver.age §24.74 per ton. From all of these openings we have ex- tracted during the week 300 tons of ore, the average value of which per mine car samples was $54.47 per ton. Shipped to the Morgan mill 340 tons and S60 pounds of ore, the aver- age value of which per railroad car samples was $50.85 per ton. The average assay value per battery samples of all the ore worked at that mill during the week — 175 tons — was $49.67 per ton.
In the Ophir mine in the 1405 level work- ings some ore giving low assays is still being found. In the Central tunnel workings on the 250 level a winze is being sunk at a point 80 feet in from the mouth of the southeast drift. On the 29th it was down 7 feet, and 17 tons of ore assaying $21.52 per ton had been extracted from it during the week. Porphyry carrying fine lines of quartz is being cut in the north- westerly workings 117 feet above the tunnel level. The usual work has been done in the Mexican, Union Con., Sierra Nevada and Andes mines without important changes in formation. The joint Best & Belcher and. Gould & Curry incline winze below the 200- foot level of those mines is down 70 feet, pass- ing through hard porphyry and quartz. In the Hale & Noreross mine the streak of ore in the face of the north drift on the 975 level is still holding out, and is of good quality. During the week three carloads of ore assay- ing $50.33 per ton were extracted. The winze on the 450 level of the Chollar mine, 350 feet south of the north line, is down 42 feet ; bot- tom in fair-grade ore. Are stoping ore from the north end between the 450 and 550 levels. During the past week we have shipped to the Nevada mill for reduction 249 tons and 100 pounds of ore, the average battery assays of
which were $31.25. In the Potosi mine the connection at the bottom of the south winze from the 450 level is completed, and are run- ning south on a streak of fair-grade ore.
Comstook Bullion Output. — Enterprise: Following is the report of the ore and bullion yield during the past year. The first three quarters of theyearare given and an estimate of the last quarter :
Quarter Ended March :u.— Consolidated Cal- ifornia & Virginia— Total ore yield, 083 tons and 1,390 pounds; gross bullion yield, $12,201- .20; cost of extraction, $13,017.07; cost of trans- portation and reduction, $4,102 17; total cost, $17 749 84.
Chollar— Total ore yield, 1,046 tons and 1,600 pounds; gross bullion yield, $16,410 01 ; cost of extraction, $11,992 68; cost of transportation and reduction, $6,280 80; total cost, $1S,273 48.
Yellow Jacket— Total ore yield, 477 tons and 305 pounds; gross bullion yield, $7,572 23; cost of extraction, $13,348 39 ; cost of transportation, S4S0 37; cost of reduction, $2,386 82; total cost, $16,215 08.
Quarter Ended June ;>'</.— Con. Cal. & Va.— Total ore yield. 075 tons ; gross bullion yield, $24,330 58; cost of extraction, $48,540 68; trans- portation and reduction, $4,218 75: total cost, $52,765 43.
Hale & Noreross— Total ore yield, 749 tons and 760 pounds; gross bullion yield, $7,990 85; cost of extraction, $1S,218 49; transportation and reduction, $4,596 28: total cost, $22,714 77.
Belcher— Total ore yield, 325 tons and 72 pounds; gross bullion yield, $5,519 25; cost of extraction, $14,459 57; cost of transportation, $325 72 ; cost of reductiou,$l,628 00 ; total cost, $16,413 89.
Crown Point — Total ore yield, 1,054 tons and 830 pounds; gross bullion yield, $10,340 88; cost of extraction, $18,360 54 ; cost of transpor- tation, $1,277 95; cost of reduction, $2,10S83: total cost, $21,753 32.
Occidental — Total ore yield, 321 tons ; gross bullion yield, $5,416 ; cost of extraction, $3,694 ; transportation and reduction, $1,926; total cost, $5,620.
Yellow Jacket — Total ore yield. 203 tons and 05 pounds; gross bullion yield, $2,745 67; cost of extraction, $15,002 15; cost of transpor- tation, $203 06; cost of reduction, $1,015 32; total cost, $16,280 53.
Quarter Ended September 30. — Consolidated California & Virginia— Total ore yield, 5,325 tons and 470 pounds; gross bullion yield, $204,- 590 29; cost of extraction, 59.800 45: cost of transportation and reduction, $33,282 71 ; total cost, $93,149 16. Net yield or value on which taxes are levied, $111,441 13; bullion tax, $5,572 05.
Crown Point— Total ore yield, 1,288 tons and 1390 pounds; gross bullion yield, $10,303 38; cost of extraction, $8,633 35; cost of trans- portation, $83? 66 ; cost of reduction, $2,577 39; total cost, 112,048 41.
The yield for the last quarter ending- Dec- ember'31, will not be filed until February, therefore a correct statement of the yield for that quarter is not available. The report for the first three quarters of the current year show that a total of 12,149 tons of ore were produced, yielding bullion valued at $307,579. The total yield for the year, when all the re- turns are filed, will probably reach $500,000.
NEW MEXICO.
Hanovek.— Enterprise: The new smelting plant of the New Mexico and Arizona Smelt- ing Co. is being pushed toward completion as rapidly as possible. The boilers and engines, smelting stacks and a large lot of other ma- chinery is on the ground. The assay offices and other auxiliary buildings are completed, and most of the timbers are already framed for the main smelter building. The opening of this smelter means the employment of sev- eral hundred men on claims that have lain idle for years. Many small copper properties will be opened up when the owners have an op- portunity to sell their small batches of ore close at home. The new smelting company is working several of the old Santa Rita prop- erties and employing many miners. It is quite likely some steps will be taken ere long to re-open the deep mines of Santa Rita. The owner of the property, J. P. Whitney of Boston, was out last week to look the ground over, with a view of opening up the property.
OREGON.
The Town of SuMptER.— At the old town of Sumpter, ten miles northwest of McEwen, the terminus of the S. V. R. R., Messrs. Ellis & Cupid are equipping their placer ground with an electric light plant, two giant hydraulics and a string of pipe 5,000 feet in length, besides enlarging the capacity of the ditches furnishing water for the mines. They are also erecting a new sawmill with a capac- ity of 20,000 feet per day, ten hours.
SOUTH DAKOTA.
Just now, says a Custer City dispatch, Keystone seems to be the coming gold camp of the west. People are flocking in from all directions, until every house in the town and stables and sheds are filled to overflowing. No such rush has been witnessed in the hills since the palmy days of 1S87. Many are com- pelled to sleep but under the trees. There is now thought to be ore enough in sight to in- sure an output of 2000 tons a day for the next twenty years. The average value of ores in all the mines is about $15 per ton. The gold belt of the Keystone is a mile in width by four miles in length.
UTAH.
As to the Smelters. — Tribune: Inquiry among the leading mine-owners and managers of Park City regarding the late action of the smelter combine or trust and the. present at- titude of its members, develops the existence of a great deal of righteous indignation in the minds of our ore-producers against that ava- ricious monopoly.
The result of this effort of the smelter men to compel the miners to pay extortionate charges for the smelting of their ores is likely
to prove disastrous to somebody. It seems strange that, at this time, when silver and lead are selling at the lowest price in the history of the country, when the margin of profit in the ores of the most of our mines is merely nominal, when to retain any margin whatever of profit the mines have been com- pelled to reduce wages to the lowest point compatible with decent living and to reduce expenses in every direction possible, that just now the smelters should attempt 1o raise the smelting charges and to increase their already handsome profits. It seems incredible ihat there can be any necessity for this advance in charges. The smelters are certainly not paying any higher wages, and general supplies should be cheaper than heretofore.
Do they expect the mines to run at a loss, or do they anticipate that the wages of the men who handle the pick and drill will be re- duced even below the present standard; It is much more likely that the mines will shut down, that the honest miner will be thrown out of employment, and that bitter suffering will be the portion of his wife and children.
Take, for instance, the great Anchor mine,, with its immense bodies of low-grade ore, and? whose ore at the present time pays a profit of less than $3 per ton even at the low rate of wages paid in that property. Is it reasonable- to presume that this property can continue to- operate under an increased charge of $2 per ton for the smelting of its ore; Are not the smelters pursuing the policy of " killing the goose that lays the golden eggf "
Already several informal meetings of the local mining magnates have been quite thoroughly discussed, and the consensus of oponion is that a convention of the ore-produc- ers of the Territory should be called at once for the purpose of considering ways and means by which the miners can be emancipated from the fetters that are being forged on their hands by the great smelter combination.
The mine-owners of Park City stand ready to unite with the other ore- producers of the Territory, or of the whole intermountain country, and put up money, if necessary, to build smelters in Salt Lake valley or else- where to smelt their own ore and extricate themselves once and for all from the clutches of the smelter trust.
Should the opinion prevail that it would be better to close all the mines indefinitely, they will, if they do not close their own mines, guarantee not to submit to the rule of the smelter trust. In fact on this last proposition they seem determined, in any event, to re- fuse to make any contracts dictated by the smelter combination.
The Smelters' Statement. — The smelling men in Salt Lake still emphatically deny that there is any combine between them as to smelting charges or prices of ore. They ex- plain that their bids are based upon their need; that is, if they arc short on a certain class of ore, they will bid high to get it, and if they do not need it they will not make any especial exertion to secure it. The result will be that some ore-producers will receive more than last year and others will receive less, but the smelting men do not think the average will full much if any, below that of the last year.
WYOMING.
J. C. Davis, one of the Senatorial aspirants, speaking of the outlook for the State, said : " I am more hopeful over the outlook in Wyo- ming than 1 have been in several years. There is every indication that there wiil be a great deal of development work done in the State next season. I have just let a contract for $15,000 worth of work to be done on the Penn mine in the Seminoe country, in Carbon county. Coloi'ado parties have made several handsome offers for this property, but the owners intend to develop it themselves. The Four Mile placer claims are attracting much attention, and there is a big demand for the ore from the iron mines near Rawlins. It is the finest fluxing ore that the Denver smelters can secure. There is no reason why 75,000 tons of it cannot be utilized for this purpose every year. The Union Pacific Com- pany has completed a survey of a spur to the mines. It can be built for $10,000."
Coast Industrial Notes.
—Expert Moore figures that the Santa Fe system must expend $4,000,000 within the next five years to keep up its road and rolling stock. Of this amount the A. & P. will have to expend $2,380,000— $1,700,200 for new rails.
—California has 333,310 milch cows, and each will average 3750 pounds of milk or 150 pounds of butter per year. The produce of 106,600 cows is consumed as milk; that of 19,200 into cheese, and that of 207,444 is made into butter.
—The Mexican Northern railroad is to he extended from Sierra Mojada to the rich rain- ing camp of Carmen on the Rio Grande border, and thence across Presidio county, Tex., to Marathon, where connection will be made with the Southern Pacific.
— The San Diego, Pacific and Eastern Rail- road Company has incorporated. Capital stock $1,000,000. The object of the incorporation is to build a railroad from San Diego northeast- erly through El Cajon valley and to San Felipe pass, with a diverting road also from El Cajon valley via Poway to Escondido.
— The long-talked-of electric railroad be- tween Los Angeles and Santa Monica is rap- idly approaching materialization. The plan is the utilization of the old Los Angeles and Pa- cific Railroad by a corporation, which is under- stood to be practically the same as the Los Angeles Consolidated Company. A contract of sale has been signed by the owners of the old Los Angeles and Pacific whereby, on cer- tain terms, they transfer all the property to Mr. Stevens of this city, who is operating in behalf of the Los Angeles and Pasadena Elec-
January 5, 1895.
Mining and Scientific Press.
11
trie Railway Company, which is part of the Consolidated, the object being to make a con- tinuous line through Los Angeles from the mountains to the sea.
-Capital has h.-ou secured for carrying out the plans for car works, blast furuace and steel works at Salmon bay, Puget Bound. D. H. Oilman of Seattle is at t ti« ■ lira. I nf the en- terprise. It will require 83,000,000 of capita] and give employment to 8000 men. It is pro- posed to secure motive power by ku iterating electricity at Snoqualmie Falls, and a com- pany already has been organized for this pur- pose.
— There arc two values in Max titter and the seed. Our Northwest Pacific Slates are the best flax-growing district in the world. Many years ago the fiber was extolled by ex- perts whosaw It, Hut we were distant from market and did not press this branch of indus- try. Conditions are changing now, and the products of flax, fiber and soetl or oil, will now or soon bear transport. This is one of the industries to be studied in these States.
The Monterey <Sc Fresno Railroad is de- signed to afford direct railroad transportation from Fresno to Monterey. Preliminary sur- veys have been made for the entire line — 171 miles and the permanent location of the greater part of the route has been completed. In July last, forty-six miles, from Monterey bay east, were put under contract and work on this division is progressing, with nine miles now graded ready for the track. The line will pass through Salinas, Sau Juan, Hol- lister, Firebaugh and Madera. It is expected to push work vigorously during L895.
—The biennial report of the State Board of Fish Commissioners for "1893-4 states that California ranks sixth in the Union, with products valued at 18,044,310 with an annual appropriation of ?S750, while Massachusetts ranks first, with an appropriation of $15,700 per annum. It has been stated that Eastern States required greater appropriations in this direction on account of greater population, but the report says the reverse is true, as the ex- pense of protection is almost nothing in densely populated regions. The Commission recommends the appointment of a game warden in each county.
— The Columbian Colonization Company is incorporated by J. W. Wilson, H. P. Sweet and J. G. Foster to irrigate and colonize a tract of government land in San Bernardino county, on the Atlantic & Pacific and the Southern California Railroads, and on branches of the Santa Fe system. At the upper nar- rows at Victor on the Southern California Railway, the river flows through a gorge 300 feet deep and 150 feet wide. By building a dam 150 feet high at this point the company propose to obtain a water supply sufficient to irrigate 340,000 acres of desert land. It is
their iutention to lay out a city to be called Columbia, with water power for electric plants, a beet-sugar factory, canaigre works, a creamery and a cold-storage warehouse. The capital stock is $4,000,000.
— It is stated at Onion Pacific headquarters that for some time past it has been the ainbi- bionof Receiver McNeill of the O. K. & N. Co. to bring about a separate receivership for the Oregon Short Line and Utah Northern with the Oregon Navigation Company, there- by making the two roads an independent sys- tem. But the scheme was not to end there. A California line was to be secured by extend- ing the branch a distance of 400 miles, con- necting the O. R. & N. Co.. thus giving the company a through line from Huntington to the coast via Portland. For months this has been the dream of Major McNeill, but when he broached the subject of independent line to Mr. Boissevan, who has large interests in both properties, it is understood that gentle- man told the Navigation Company's receiver he was entirely satisfied to have the manage- ment in the control of the Union Pacific.
— A conservative epitome of California pro- ductions in MJ4 show that California mines yielded $18,000,000 in the preceding twelve months, of which over $12,000,000 was gold; the value of the salt product in 1894 was £120,000; borax product, ISW, $860,000; mineral waters, $300,000; natural gas, 160,000; petro- leum and bitumen products, $1,250,000; quick- silver, 20,4(Hl flasks; value of San Francisco manufactures in 1894, $-83,310,000; beet sugar produced, 35,00u,(K)0 pounds; wheat crop, 23,414,900 bushels ; brandy distilled from grapes, 1,300,000 gallons; California canned fruit, 1,240,000 eases; barley crop, 5,000,000 bushels; bean crop, 72,000,000 pounds; raisin crop, 54,b00,000 pounds; dried fruit product, 125,000,000 pounds; prune crop, 32,500,000 pounds; wool product, 26,000,000 pounds; hop product, 40,000 bales; orange crop, 10,000 car- loads; butter, 50,000,000 pounds; cheese, 15,000,000 pounds.
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12
Mining and Scientific Press.
January 5, 1895.
Electrical Progress.
Direct Conversion of Light Into Electricity.
At the last meeting of the Societe Internationale des Electricians, M. Ch. Marechal showed experimentally, by means of an electro-chemical acti- nometer, that luminous energy is trans- formed into electrical energy mechan- ically—available even at long dis- tances—not through the calorific or chemical power of the light, but by virtue of a third force, which the writer calls actinic force.
This transformation is effected in all the divisions of the spectrum, but depends on the coloring matter em- ployed for sensitizing the plates of the actinometer, the sensitiveness of which is so great that the light of the candle at a distance of some meters produces effects that are as clear as they are instantaneous.
After discussing certain applications to telegraphy and photography, M. Marechal in an hypothesis which, though bold, is based on facts ascer- tained by observation and experience, shows once more the close connection between electrical and luminous phe- nomena; then he showed the intimate relations existing between solar light and the great natural phenomena, such as terrestrial magnetism, the different variations of the magnetic needle, the aurora borealis, earth currents, etc.
This would seem to mark the begin- ning of a new epoch in optical physics and to open new avenues of investiga- tion which may lead to the most im- portant results. While this brief notice, which is all we have at present, suggests nothing incompatible with our present beliefs or the teachings of Maxwell, it seems likely to give those teachings a new significance and to give them a concrete value that they have not heretofore possessed.
France Encourages Electrical Progress.
Prance has for some time past been specially active in the application of electric power to canals, a fact due probably to the importance and extent of her canal system. The latest suc- eessful trial reported is one on the canal boats of the Havre-Paris-Lyons compaignie, in which a transferable electric motor and rudder combination is used, while the motor has been driven by current from storage bat- teries. The canal boat, having a length of thirty - eight meters and carrying 180 tons, is driven at a speed of eighty-five centimeters per seccmd, an increase of forty per cent over the speed with two horses, while the elec- trical energy consumed was about four and six-tenths horse power. At times a speed of one meter (three feet three inches) per second was obtained. It is now proposed to employ also a trolley system, as on the Bourgogne canal, and to let the feed water that main- tains the levels at the proper height operate dynamos generating the neces- sary current. Prance has always been foremost in the application of elec- tricity to navigation.
A common experience among those who have to do with electrical ma- chinery is the paralyzing effect which the electric current exerts upon an ordinary watch. The mechanism of most watches being of hard steel, highly polished, renders them pecu- liarly sensitive to magnetic influence, and consequently unreliable as time- keepers. Formerly non-magnetizable watches were regarded as little more than a novelty; now, however, the rapid spread of electricity in its multi- farious forms has made them a necessity.
Dr. Wellington Adams, president of the Chicago and St. Louis electric road, says the road " will most certainly be built, but not until after a revival in business. Already $8,000,000 of the $10,000,000 worth of bonds have been placed, and it will not be much trouble
to place the remainder. The grading and securing of right of way is going steadily on."
An Explosion in an Iron Foundry.
The explosive power of water when suddenly converted into steam may not be thoroughly understood or even fully comprehended by some mechanics, and an explosion that wrecked a foundry was caused by a lack of just such knowledge on the part of the foundry men. Pouring off is always done at the end of the day, and some- times it is late at night before the bottom is dropped and the furnaceman at liberty to go home. Under such conditions it is not strange that a man would do all that he could to hurry up things, that he might get away early.
It is the custom, in most foundries, to throw several pails of water on the pile of slag and cinder that comes down, red hot, upon the sand which has been placed under the cupola to receive that which falls when the bottom is dropped. A shallow cavity is hollowed out of the sand to receive the slag, and several pails of water, or a stream from the hose, deadens the intense heat radiated from the pile of glowing matter. It is supposed that the cupola man, in order to get away sooner, hit upon the expedient of get- ting the water ready beforehand, so he would have less to do after the bottom came down. Accordingly, the hole scooped in the sand underneath the cupola was half filled wilh water, and at a given signal the prop was pulled away and the bottom catnedown. Then the explosion occurred, wrecking the building, killing and wounding sev- eral workmen and setting the wreck on fire. It was caused by the water becoming suddenly expanded into a gas, which occupied many times the space filled by watev.
We can throw a pail of water into a cupola charged with molten iron, and no explosion will occur which can amount to much. But confine that water in a pipe and plunge the pipe into melted iron and there will be the liveliest .kind of an explosion as soon as the heat gets well at the enclosed water. It is this thing which some- times causes the disastrous explosions in cupolas, when pistons and other ap- parently harmless pieces of iron ex- plode with terrible force and damage. — Scientific Machinist.
Machinery of a Cruiser.
The extent and power of machinery construction are wonderfully exhibited in the working equipments of the latest Government cruiser. There are 61 separate engines, not counting cylin- ders, which would run up to 120. for main, auxiliary and pumping purposes. The low-pressure piston is 92 inches in diameter, and an area of 46 square feet and an initial load of 100 tons. The condenser tubes, if placed end to end. would form a tube 33 miles long, and the cooling water passed through these tubes equals 36,000,000 gallons per day, or enough to supply a large city with water. The main boilers, if placed end to end. would form a tunnel 156 feet long and large enough for a train of cars to pass through. The heating surface is equal to li acres.
Armor Plate for Russia.
The Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, Iron Company has the whole contract for supplying armor for Russia's two new battle ships, the Sebastopol and Petro- palovak. The contract calls for some- thing over 12,000 tons of armor plate to fit up the two ships. It amounts to about §1,000,000. The American com- pany secured the contract over four- teen competitors, comprising the armor plate manufacturers iu the United States, England, France, Italy and Germany. The contract is re- garded the largest ever awarded in Europe.
Unitarian literature sent free by the Cbanning Auxiliary of the First Unitarian Church, cor. Geary and Franklin Sts., San Francisco. Address as above. Mention this paper. *
Attention rimers ! W. W. MONTAGUilCO.
ARE MANUFACTURERS OP
Riveted Iron and Steel
Water Pipe
For Hydraulic Milling. Mills and Power Plants.
IRON, CUT, PUNCHED AND FORMED, AND TOOLS SUPPLIED FOR MAKING PIPE ON THE GROUND WHERE REQUIRED.
309 to 317 flarket Street, San Francisco.
THE JONES ROCK DRILL
IS THE
Only Successful Hand Power Drilling: Machine Ever Invented.
Traill
It is strong, durable, reliable, simple, compact, light, easily handled and operated by one man, and will reduce the cost of rock drilling at least Fifty per cent.
Our handsomely illustrated pocket catalogue fully explains the features and workings of the drill. It should be in the hands of every mine owner, leaser, contractor and prospect or in the West. Sent free on application.
If you aire Interested Iu Rock Drilling Correspond s j; < with us.
'jf WE CAN SAVE YOU MONEY.
FRANK T. SUTHERLAND, M'g'r Pacific Coast Agency.
Office and Warerooms: 9 FREMONT St., San Francisco, Cal.
Or, Address the Compauy at Its Denver OtHce.
Blasdel Improved Concentrating Belt.
We keep in stock belts suitable for the Frue, Triumph, Johnston and Tulloek machines, and make all lengths and widths to order.
Practical mill men must see at a glance the advantage of our belts over any other. First, the flanges stand at an acute angle toward the center, therefore readily con- form to the change of direction while pass- ing over the end rollers. Thus the vexation and loss occasioned by the frequent breaking of the flanges, as is the case with the old style, is prac- tically over- come.
Again, in the surface of the belt trans- versely two feet apart, there is a space of one inch, contain-
ing twenty
' " " ""fT riffles 1-33 of ?•?;:$ an inch in
— ->" depth. This
tends to equalize the pulp and prevents it from banking on the edges, or forming channels. This riffle saves flne sulphurets and quicksilver that would escape with the tailings from a belt with an entirely smooth surface.
H. G. BLASDEL, JR., Manager,
419 California Street, Haywards Building San Francisco.
To Gold Miners!
Silver Plated Copper Amalgam Plates
For Saving; Gold.
GOLD REMOVED FROM OLD PLATES AND REPLATED. Old Plates
bought. Get our Reduced Rates. Five thousand orders filled.
Twenty-five Medals Awarded.
SAN FRANCISCO GOLD, SILYER AND NICKEL PLATING WORKS,
G53 and 655 mission Street, San Francisco, Cal.
E. G. DENNISTON, - Proprietor.
Every description of work plated. Send for Circular.
QUICKSILVER!
FOR SALE BY
The Eureka Company,
OF SAN FRANCISCO.
Room 1. - 426 California Street, SAN FRANCISCO.
TUBBS CORDAGE CO.
(A CORPORATION.)
Constantly on hand a full assortment of Manila Rope, Sisal Rope, Duplex Rope, Tarred Manila Rope, Hay Rope, Whale Line, etc., etc. A3~Extra sizes and lengths made to order on short notice
611 and 613 FRONT ST., Sau Francisco, Cal.
annaiy •;,
1805.
Mining and Scientific Press.
13
Practical Information.
Wages of Steamship Building.
The following report shows the rate
of wages paid by Clyde builders ol
ocean steamships and by steamship
owners, and are printed in Consular
irts. The rates given are by the
hour:
Wages.
Description. Pence.
■ i li]
Pal tern makers <L% .18%
Machinists, in engineer shop.. .. 0 .IS
BoUer mata rs S .lti
Plumbers - ,IH
Pipe Utters «}-, .laVJ
Shipwrights iyt .1.')
Ship Joiners Tt . H'.,
Drillers 8% .17
up v. .1*' ;
Riveters in .So
Calkors II .is
Painters ?' ; .15
Furnace men r. . rj
Sheet-iron workers, general ... . 6% .It)
rsmiths 7% . i.v.
Iron ni'ilders 'i:. .15
Brass molders U .in
Blacksmiths ;' .. ,16
Laborers .'. .10
Frame setters 8% . l~
The hours of labor arc lifty-four per week for aboul forty-eight weeks in the year. The ships are nearly all con- structed of steel. 1 inn vessels are now as rarely Iniilt there as wooden ships. Several of the trades mentioned are employed by the piece. These include the riveters, platers, frame setters, litters and ealkers. The riveters work- in squads, consisting of two riveters, a holder-on and a rivet boy, and they are paid at the rate of so much per hun- dred rivets put in. The larger the M'ss.l the higher tin- rate, and special prims are paid for riveting keels and stringer plains. A steamer of over 5000 tons commands extra wages. On ordinary vessels good squads (two riveters, a holder-up and a rivet boy) will make at present about *0.(i8 per day, but the average for Government work is above this. The piece men are sometimes irregular in their employ- nnni, and, if overtime is excluded, do not work more than Evedays per week.
The shipwrights have a standard wage of fifteen cents per hour, but the joiners, blacksmiths and engineers have what is known as a sliding scale.
In the ease of engineers the pay varies from twelve to thirteen and a half cents per hour, blacksmiths from twelve to sixteen cents per hour.
The Speed of Trolley Cars.
The speed of a trolley car when pass- ing any given point has been a matter upon the determination of which a good deal of discussion has been expended. To put a revolution counter upon the axle would solve the problem, but it is frequently desirable to ascertain the speed of a car without the assistance of a street ear company. Particularly is this desirable when seeking evidence that the cars are being run at a higher rate of speed than allowed by law. It is well known that the motor gives forth a peculiar sound when the car is running. This sound Whittier in his poem on "The Broomstick Train" likened to the purring of a witch's cat, and it is in this purring sound that the speed indication lies Whenever a num- ber of blows or taps are delivered in regular sequence, they will, if their fre- quency be great enough, form a musi- cal note. The reason for this is, that the ear cannot rid itself of one sound before another reaches it; consequently when the number of notes rises above a certain number per second, a musical note is the result. The eye possesses a similar faculty called "persistence of vision," which makes the firebrand give an apparently continuous circle of fire when whirled swiftly about. About one-sixtieth of a second is said to be the limit of persistence of vision, and thirty sound vibrations per minute are probably the least number which the ear can recognize. The lowest note on a seven-octave piano has about thirty- three vibrations per second, and middle C about 246. It is the striking or meshing of the gear and pinion teeth which causes the "purring" of the streetcar motor, and if the tone caused
No. to.
FRASER& CHALMERS 3^0— J< &v
Call attention to this fac simile letter. They have others equally strong, tes- tifying to the unqualified success of the Rielder System.
a ff ,
Go.
Fraser & Chalmers
Chicago, Illinois, U. S. A., and
43 thread needle St., E. C, London.
Works at Chicago, Illinois, U. S. A. and Erith, Kent, England.
Branch Offices:
2 Wall St., New York.
City of Mexico, Mexico.
Helena, Montana.
Salt Lake City, Utah.
527 17th St., Denver, Colorado.
RSKfi r\A^0&S^ -MININC COMPANY
%3«y4* oPjdmS. C#£*6>)July 31st.
William J. Chalmers Esqr.
Pres. FYaser & Chalmers. Chicago. 111.
'<*.
Mining and Ore-Treating Machinery of every description, Huntington Cen- trifugal Roller Mills, Riedler Pumping Engines and Air Compressors, Corliss Engines, Boilers, etc
Dear Sir:-
Your letter of July 7th. is duly received.
In regard to your enquiry regarding our Riedlor Compre- ssor, supplied by your Coy.over eight months ago, I must say,tliat the Compressor is giving excellent results, and every satisfaction, while running either by steam, or water power.
During the last twelve years, I have seen spEFatsot.ard have operated, many different makes of air Compressors, including the Eclipse, Reliance, Burleigh, National, Rix,& Firth, Ingersoll Sargent, etc. etc. anl in no instance, have any of the above given tfie results of the Riedler. Therefore, I have no hesitation in saying that the Riedler, is the best, anl most economical Compressor on the market today. We have made compantive tests here, of the Ingersol Sargent, and Riedler.whioh show, greatly in favour of the Riedler. Yours very truly.
ai^^zt^^^
SyV~
Electrical Engineering Co.,
• M ANUFACTU R KRS OF -
Dynamos and
Electric flotors
FOR THE TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION OF POWER.
Electric Power Apparatus
Quartz Mills, Hoisting, Pumping, Drilling,
And all Mining Work where Long Distance Transmission is required,
y? " • ' ♦♦♦A SPECIALTY. +-f+
OFFICE AND 1A/ORKS: 34 and 36 main Street, Sen Francisco, Ceil
by the meshing teeth has a pitch of "middle C," we know that 261 teeth are meshing per second. Then the number of teeth on gear being known, also the diameter of the car wheel, it is comparatively easy to calculate the speed of the car at the instant the sound observation was made, in spite of all efforts of the company to prevent the car speed from being known. — Cassier's Magazine.
Doesn't Pay to Pick Up Nails.
P. & B. PAINT.
i^t Absolutely Acid and Alkali pr™f iirmi
For CHLORINATION WORKS and Preserving Wood and Iron from Acid Attack, Rust or Decay.
A very striking illustration of what the low cost of manufactures of iron and steel really means is furnished by a remark incidentally made by William Garrett, of Joliet, 111., the famous in- ventor of the rod mill which bears his name. In a lecture at Joliet, says the Iron Age, he stated that "wire nails are sold so cheaply that it is estimated that if a carpenter drops a nail it is cheaper to let it lie than to consume the carpenter's time to lift and use it, and it is claimed by good authority that one keg out of five is never used but goes to waste." We have had the curiosity to do some figuring on the proposition made. Assuming that it takes a carpenter ten seconds to pick up a nail which he has dropped, and that his time is worth thirty cents an hour, the recovery of the nail would cost 0.083 cent. There are 200 six- penny nails in a pound, which is worth, at 90 cents base and 65-cent average per keg, 1.55 cents per pound. This would make the money value of the in- dividual nail 0.0077 cent. Or in other words it would not pay to pick up ten nails, if it took ten seconds of time worth thirty cents an hour to do it in.
F». & B. ROOFING.
Send for Circulars.
PARAFFINE PAINT CO., iitiS^Livl
RandDrillCo.
Rock Drilling, Air Compressing,
Mining and Quarrying
Machinery.
23 Park Place, - - - - New York, U. S. A.
BRANCH OFFICES:
Monadnocl: Building Chicago
Ishpeming Michigan
1316 Eighteenth Street Denver
Sherbrook P. O Canada
Apartado 830 City nf Mexico
14
Mining and Scientific Press.
January 5, 1895.
Market Reports.
The Markets.
San Fbahcisco, Jan. 3, 1895.
The eclipse of '94 still surrounds lead and silver, " sixty and three " being the continued quotation. Neither the proposed Japan loan nor Congressional action or inaction seem to affect the moribund market. Kansas City and New York men have this week shipped large quantities of bar silver to the City of Mexico, to be coined at the Government mints into Mexican silver dollars. Transportation and mintage charges amount to nearly seven per cent. A member of the shipping firms says: "The Mexican silver dollar is at a premium of about seven per cent and foreign exchange in Mexico is at a discount of about seven per cent, a condition the reverse of that which now prevails in the United States. This is illustrative of the fact that countries on a silver basis are prospering on the low price of silver, while gold-basis countries are suffering." , , ' .
A circular issued by the freight department of the Southern Pacific to its agents states that, until further advices, the rate of ex- change between Mexican and American monej will be S2.02. Fractions of five-tenths or over will be considered one cent, and fractions of less than five-tenths will be dropped. New York Prices.
New Yohk, Jan. 3.— Following are the clos- ing prices for the week :
, Silver in .
London. N. T. Copper. Lead.
Friday 27M 60 9 50 3 00
Saturday 2T« 5956 9 40 3 03
Monday ZM ®%
Tuesday ■■•■
Wednesday 2TV4 5»» ■■•■ ■■;.••■
Thursday 2754 59S£ ....
The local bullion, money and exchange quo- tations current are as follows :
Commercial Loans, % per annum 7@8
Commercial Loans, prime 6@8
Call Loans, gilt edged 7@|
Call Loans, mixed securities 7(s»8
Mortgages, prime, taxes paid by lender . .7
New York Sight Draft ■ .100
New York Telegraphic Transfer. 12'/.c
London Bankers' 60 days. &J-88
London Merchants • ■&*. 86
London Sight Bankers $4.89"/.
Refined Silver, per ounce ;a,;SM
Mexican Dollars, nominal 5014@5l
San Francisco Metal and Coal Market.
ANTIMONY.
Perlb — @ 10
BORAX.
Refined, in car lots — ® 6%
Powdered, " — <s> &%
• Joncentrated, " — @ 6a
COPPER.
3olt 20 @ —
Sheathing 21 @ —
Ingot, jobbing — @ 17
Ingot, wholesale 13 @ 14
TIN PLATE.
Per bx 5 25 ® 5 50
IRON.
American Son 14 00 @16 00
Pig, per ton 15 00 @18 00
STEEL.
English.lb 16 @ 18
PIG TIN.
Perlb 17 @ —
ZINC.
Sheet 8«@
LEAD.
Pig — @ 395
Bar — @ 4 25
Sheet — @ 5 25
Pipe — @ 4 75
SHOT.
Drop, sizes smaller than B, per bag of 25 lbs. . .$1 25
Drop, B and larger sizes, " "... 145
Buck, Balls and Chilled, do, " "... 145
QUICKSILVER.
Home trade, per flask 37 00 ®
COAL.
SPOT FROM YARD— PER TON.
Wellington $750
Greta 7 50
Nanaimo
Gilman
Seattle
Coos Bay
Cannel
Egg, hard
Wallsend
Scotch Splint
Brymbo
West Hartley
TO ARRIVE— PER TON.
Australian 5 25 @
Liverpool Steam 6 25 @
Scotch Splint 6 62^@
Cardiff 6 37%@
Lehigh Lump 850 @
Cumberland 850 @
Egg, hard 900 @
West Hartley 700 @
COKE.
English, to load 9 00 @
" spot, in bulk @
" in sacks @
Cumberland 9 00 @
6 25 5 75
7 00 5 50
8 00 12 00
7 00
8 00
7 50
8 00
9 50
11 50
12 50
How the mysterious principle of life fights to maintain the heat of a body, and then finally surrenders, is curiously illustrated by Pictet, the Genevese chemist. A dog placed in a copper re- ceiver, kept at from 75° to 130° below zero Fahr., became warmer than when he was put in by half a degree during the first ten minutes; and after an hour and a half he was only one degree colder. But soon afterward the animal suddenly died.
A world's pair will be held in Am- sterdam this year, opening on May 1st and closing on November 1st. Mon- treal proposes to hold one in 1896, Bal- timore in 1897 and Paris soon after- ward.
MINING SHAREHOLDERS' DIRECTORY.
Advertisements in the Mining and Scientific Press amd Other San Francisco Journals ASSESSMENTS. Amt. Levied, Delinq't and title. Secretary.
10c Nov 28, Jan 3, Jan 24 J E Jacobus, 309 Montgomery
"25c Nov 12, Dec 18, Jan 8 M Jaffe, 309 Montgomery
"5c "Dec 11, Jan 16, Feb 15 J E Jacobus, 309 Montgomery
'5c Nov 12, Dec 14, Jan 11 C C Harvey, 309 Montgomery
' 25c' ' ' Nov 23, Dec 29, Jan 23 A B Thompson. 309 Montgomery
10c Nov 14, Dec 19, Jan 9 G D Edwards, 414 California
25c Dec 5, Jan 8, Jan 29 C E Elliot, 309 Montgomery
15c Nov 19, Dec 27, Jan 21 M E Willis. 309 Montgomery
25c Dee 10, Jan 14, Feb 4 R B Holmes, 309 Montgomery
10c Nov 14 Dec 19, Jan 9 G D Edwards, 414 California
pSMn,"»"f;iii: 43 25c .'.'.' .Dec 11, Jan 14, Feb 5 C E Elliot, 309 Montgomery
5?ln ™ M rv, Npv 85 20c. .. .Deo 4 Jan 7, Jan 28 E B Holmes, 309 Montgomery
1 filer mil nct 34 ' 5c. . . .Nov 19 Dec 26, Jan 16 DC Bates, 309 Montgomery
UnTonConSMCoNev" '.'.50. .. .20c. .. .Nov 22, Dec 87, Jan 16 C C Harvey, 309 Montgomery
MEETINGS. Company and Location. Secretary and Office in S.F. Date.
Rniiinn m On Nev R R Grayson, 331 Pine Jan 10
lurra NeVad'a M Coi Nev'. WW EL Parker, 309 Montgomery Jan 16
Silver King M Co, Nev J W Pew, 310 Pine....
Compiled Every Tlmrsday frol
Company and Location. iVo.
AltaSMCo, Nev 48..
Best & Belcher M Co, Nev 57..
Bulwer Con M Co, Cal 10. .
Gray Eagle M Co, Oal 38..
Hale & Norcross, Nev 106. .
Kentuck Con, Nev 72. .
Mexican G & S M Co, Nev 51. .
Mono G M Co, Cal 34. .
Ophir S M Co, Nevada 64. .
Overman S M Co, Nev <•'
.Jan 8
Mining Share Market.
San Francisco, Jan. 3, 1S95.
The regular holiday demoralization, added to an apathetic market, made a depressing total for the old year. '95 opens better, there being a noticeable improvement in value and volume. Work has been resumed in the Seg. Belcher, Kentuck, Crown Point and Yellow Jacket. Crown Point is shipping ore to the Mexican mill, and the Con. Cal. and Va. to the Morgan mill. During the last month of '94, local mining incorporations disbursed $114,000 in dividends.
The following illustrates the changes of the week:
|
MINES. |
27 |
3 |
|
36 |
$ 12 36 |
|
|
68 |
||
|
96 66 |
97 |
|
|
80 |
||
|
23 |
||
|
37 40 |
52 |
|
|
85 |
||
|
Consolidated California and Virginia.. |
3 70 |
3 80 |
|
73 |
70 |
|
|
43 90 22 64 1 60 21 33 32 51 54 |
42 |
|
|
1 15 |
||
|
24 |
||
|
64 |
||
|
1 60 |
||
|
22 |
||
|
39 |
||
|
27 |
||
|
55 |
||
|
40 |
42 |
|
|
San Francisco Stock Boan |
1 Sales. |
San Francisco, Jan. 3, 1895.
9:30 A. M. SESSION.
97
700 Alpha
500 Alta
150 Belcher
350 Best & Belcher..
100 Bullion 23
100 Bulwer 05
lOOChollar 52
100 Con Cal & Va 3 80
20 Confidence — 100 Gould & Curry 200 Hale & Norcross..! 10 250 1 15
300 Kentuck
900 L. Wash
300 Mexican
350 Ophir
500 Overman
lOOPotosi
200
500 Savage
200 S. B. & M
200 Sierra Nevada . . 600 Yellow Jacket.. 50
SECOND SESSION— 2: 30 P. M.
100 G&C. . ..
100 Alpha
700 Alta 41
200 42
100 Andes
200 Belcher
100
100 Best & Belcher... . 95
250Bodie 80
100 Bullion 22
50 21
60 C. C. V 3 75
200 Crown Point 70
500 Hale & Norcross. . 1
100 1
200 Justice
100 Kentuck
500 L Wash
500 Mexican
lOOPotosi
100 Savage
50 Sierra Nevada 500 Yellow Jacket
Notices of Recent Patents.
Among the patents recently obtained through Dewey & Co.'s Scientific Press U. S. and Foreign Patent Agency, the fol- lowing are worthy of special mention:
Can-Testing Machine.— Joseph Black, San Francisco, Cal. No. 531,616. Dated Dec. 25, 1S94. This invention consists of a vertically ^rotating wheel, the lower periphery of which ""dips into a tank of water. Above the top of the wheel is a mechanism by which cans are delivered, so that as the wheel rotates a can will be received between clamps upon the periphery of the wheel, which press against the ends of the can. The end of the can hav- ing an opening, fits against the mechanism through which air is admitted under pressure into the can, and then if the can leaks in any way it will be shown by bubbles escaping from it when it passes into the water tank. Two chutes are arranged near the tank, so that as the cans rise out of the water those which are perfect are delivered into one of the chutes, and those whiuh show signs of leakage are delivered into the other to be repaired. The mechanism operates automatically, with the exception of the discharge of the defective cans, which may be effected by the movement of a lever by an operator.
Tellurian. — Cornelius G. Sullivan, Wood- land, Cal. No. 531,399. Dated Dec. 25, 1894. The object of this invention is to provide a simple and inexpensive instrument for illus- trating the movement of the earth and moon about the sun, the movement of the moon about the earth, solar and lunar eclipses, and, finally, to illustrate the cause of the tides in connection with what may be termed the "centrifugal theory.1' The tellurian consists of a primary body; a suspending line, acting
by torsion to rotate said body ; a secondary body, and a connection between said second- ary body and the primary body, whereby the former is caused to revolve about the latter by the rotation of said primary body. In the simplest form of the device the two bodies may be mere balls, the larger or primary body, representing the sun, being suspended by- means of a twisting string. A wire bracket connected with this larger ball suspends, by means of another twisting string, a smaller or secondary ball representing the earth, and from this ball is supported, by means of a wire arm, a satellite body or ball representing the moon. The operator has only to hold or other- wise suspend the device from the main line, having first properly twisted both the sus- pending strings, and the proper motions are imparted by the torsion of said strings. These means for giving the movements simplify the instrument and make it possible to economi- cally construct it and supply it to all schools. Glove. — Reuben Raymond, San Francisco, Cal. No. 531,386. Dated Dec. 25, 1894. The main object in this glove is to avoid any seam in the crease or line of the hall of the thumb, thus making it seamless. Another object is to conform the thumb of the glove to the nat- ural position of the thumb of the hand, both in front and back. The glove is constructed of a main portion fashioned to form the front, one side and the index and small fingers of the body of the glove, said portion having formed integral with the palm thereof the front of the thumb ; a piece secured along one edge in the back of the main portion of the glove, and which forms the back of the second and third fingers; fourchettes forming the front and sides of said fingers, and an independent piece which forms the back of the thumb, said piece having a point which is stitched to the base of the back of the index finger and to the adjoin- ing side of the back piece.
List of U. 5. Patents for Pacific Coast Inventors.
Reported by Dewey & Co., Pioneer Patent Solicitors for Pacific CoaBt.
FOR WEEK ENDING DECEMBER 25, 1894,
531,495.—- Cartridge Crimper— T. R. Barney, S, F. 531,616.— Can-Testing Machine— Jos. Black, S. F. 531,588.— Brake— Dickinson & Warnec, Tacoma,
Wash. 531,372.— Shoulder Brace— W. M. Gamble, New
Whatcom, Wash. 53i,535.— Harvester— G. W. Ingersoll, Stockton,
531,378.— Gate— J. E. Knapp, Brownsville, Ogn.
531,386.— Glove— R. Raymond, S. F.
531,571— Animal Trap— V. J. Scherb, Pasadena,
Cal. 531,399.— Tellurian— C. G. Sullivan, Woodland,
Cal. 581,451.— Can-Head Die— N. Trayer, Astoria, Ogn. 531,580.— Cinch Plate— A. P. Weeks, Santa Cruz,
Cal.
Note.— Copies of U. S. and Foreign patents fur- niBhed by Dewey & Co. in the shortest time possible by mail or telegraphic order). American and For- eign patents obtained, and general patent business for Pacific Coast inventors transacted with perfect security, at reasonable rates, and In the shortest possible time.
Every Inventor Wants a Good Patent
Or none at all. To secure the best patents Inventors have only to address Dewey & Co., Pioneer Patent Agents, No. 220 Market St., San Francisco.
There are many good reasons why Pacific Coast Inventors should patronize this Home Agency.
It is the ablest, largest, best, most con- venient, economical and speedy for all Pacific Coast patrons.
It is the oldest on this side of the American continent, most experienced, and in every way reliable.
Conducted from 1863 by its present owners (A. T. Dewey, W. B. Ewer and Geo. H. Strong), this agency has the best knowledge of patents already issued and of the state of the arts in all lines of inventions most com- mon on this coast.
Patents secured in the United States, Canada, Mexico, all British colonies and provinces, England and other civilized coun- tries throughout the globe.
Caveats filed, assignments duly prepared, examinations made, and a general Patent Agency business conducted.
Established and successfully and popularly conducted for nearly thirty years, our patrons number many thousands, to whom we refer with confidence, as men of influence and re- liability. Old and new inventors are cordially offered the complimentary use of our library and free advice, etc. No other agency can afford Pacific States inventors half the ad- vantages possessed by this old, well-tried and experienced firm.
Back Files of the Mining and Scientific Press (unbound) can be had for $3 per volume of sis months. Per year (two volumes), $5. Inserted in Dewey's patent binder, 50 cents additional pe' volume.
THE CALIFORNIA DEBRIS COMMISSION having received applications to mine by the hydraulic pro- cess from Mello & Costa. In the Spring: Valley mine, near Cherokee, Butte Co.. to deposit tailings on flat ground; from H. E. Picket. In the Kentucky Flat mine, near Georgetown. El Dorado Co.. to deposit tailings behind a dam in North Otter creek; from Wm. Johnson, in his mine near Volcano, Amador Co., to deposit tailings behind a dam In Clapboard guleh ; from El Dorado Water and Deep Gravel Min- ing Co., in the Henrietta mine, near Placerville, El Dorado Co., to deposit tailings behind a dam in a dry ravine; from Leroy Hedge, in hiB mine near Brownsville, Yuba Co., to deposit tailings behind a dam in a ravine; from Rolland & Vanderburg, in the Epley mine, near Placerville, El Dorado Co., to deposit tailings behind a dam in a ravine; from the York Mining Co., in its mine near Brownsville, Yuba Co., to deposit tailings behind a dam in a ravine; from Hancock & Daly, In the Last Chance mine, near Placerville, El Dorado Co., to deposit tailings behind a dam in a ravine; from Goodman Bros, and Goodman & Bund, in their mines near Volcano, Amador Co.. to deposit tailings behind a dam in Ashland creek; from Hadley & Bolles, in the 49 Flat mine, near Volcano. Amador Co., to Impound tailings behind a dam in 49 gulch; and from G. A. Melnecke et al., in the Fine Gold mine, near Valll- cita, Calaveras Co., to impound tailings behind dams in a dry ravine, gives notice that a meeting will be held at Room No. 92. Flood Building, San Francisco, Cal., on Jan. 14. 1895. at 1:30 p. m.
♦ THE -f
Ore Deposits of the United States.
By J. F. KEMP, A. J3., E. M., Professor of Geology School of Mines, Columbia College.
Second Edition, Revised and Enlarged, new Illustrations.
A practical review of the ore deposits of this country. A valuable addition to up-to-date mining literature, of value to the Pacific coast. Sent postpaid upon receipt of price, $4.00. Address
Mining; and Scientific Press,
220 Market Street, San Francisco. Cal.
DIVIDEND NOTICE.
THE GERMAN SAVINGS AND LOAN SOCIETY
526 California Street.
For the half year ending December 31, 1894, a dividend has been declared at the rate of five (5) per cent per annum on Term Deposits, and four and one-sixth (4 1-6) per cent per annum on Ordi- nary Deposits, payable on and after WEDNES- DAY, January 2, 1895.
GEO. TOURNY, Secretary.
Books on Working Ores.
By GUIDO KUSTEL, M. E. Roasting of Gold and SILVER Ores (Second Edl
tlon) and the Extraction of their Respective
Metals Without Quicksilver. By Guido Kostel
M. E.
This rare hook on the treatment of gold and Bllver ore without quicksilver is liberally Illustrated and crammed full of facts. It gives short and con- cise descriptions of various processes and appara- tus employed in this country and in Europe and the why and wherefore. It contains 15H pages, embrac- ing illustrations of furnaces, supplements and work- ing apparatus. It is a work of great merit, by an author whose reputation is unsurpassed in his specialty. Price, $3, postpaid. For sale by THE DEWEY PUBLISHING CO., 220 Market St., San Fran- cisc.
BY C.H.AARON.
AAliONS LEACHING GOLD AND SILVER ORES, the
most complete hand-book on the subject extant; 164 pages, octavo. Illustrated by twelve lithographic engravings and four wood cuts. Fully indexed. Plainly written for practical men. In cloth, $3. Sold by THE MLNING AND SCIENTIFIC PRESS, 220 Market St.. San Francisco.
Practical Treatise on Hydraulic Mining.
By AUG. J. BOWIE, JE.
This new and Important book is on the use and construction of Ditches, Flumes, Dams. Pipes, Flow of Water on heavy grades, methods of mining shal- low and deep placers, history and development of mines, records of gold washing, mechanical appli- ances, such as nozzles, hurdy-gurdyB, rockers, un- dercurrents, etc.; also describes methods of blast- ing; tunnels and sluices; tailings and dump; duty of miners' inch, etc. A very practical work for gold miners and users of water. Price, ¥5, postpaid For sale by THE'MINING AND SCIENTIFIC PRESS, 220 Market St., San Francisco.
INVENTORS, Take Notice I
L. PETERSON, MODEL MAKER,
226 MARKET St., N. E. Corner Front (Up Stairs), San Francisco. Experimental machinery and all kinds of models. Tin and brasswork. All communica- tions aPrtctly confidential.
20-Stamp Mill for Sale.
In Southern California, a 20-stamp Gold Quartz Mill, with engine, boiler, self-feeders, rock- breaker, etc.
As the premises are adjacent to Railroad, the Mill could be conveniently removed. Can be had at low price for cash. Address; "Quartz Mill," care Mining and Scientific Press, San Fran- cisco,
January 5, 1895.
Mining and Scientific Press.
15
The Edward P. Allis Company, Milwaukee, Wis.
Established I860.
Crushers,
Rolls,
Stamps,
Jigs,
Concentrators,
Screens,
Reliance Works.
BRANCH OFFICES:
sun l-'niiifl* Cal. ".i Htiln Street.
li D SANSON Muniwi-r.
Denver, Col. I.11G tilehteenlh Street.
\v II BMANOBL, Agent.
Sew York City . -ill f.'urtlnndl Hti t.
P. A I.AItKIN. MBnUBUr.
S0I1 Home Inn, Itullrtlllir.
J. II. ALLAN Muniiwr
MlnnenuoIlM, Mini ItGCorn Rxehuuire.
J. P. hahkison. Manairor.
< '■-■•■ Hi-
Reynolds Corliss Engines.
Hoists,
Pumps,
Fans,
Compressors,
Boilers,
Etc., Etc.
MINING, MILLING AND SMELTING HACHINERY.
Union Iron Works,
CORNER FIRST AND MISSION STREETS,
SAN FRANCISCO, CAL.
-fflflNUFACTURERS OF-
MINING AND MILLING MACHINERY,
Automatic Cut-Off Engines, High-Speed Engines, Hoisting Engines, Quartz Mills,
manty <~riill Mills. Rolls and Concentrating machinery, Oodd Sigmoidal Water Wheel,
PU/V\PS -Cornish and Other, Copper and Lead F"urnaces, /Vll Classes of Marine Work.
^az^SHIP BUILDERS. * BUILDERS OF U. S. WAR SHIPS. * HYDRAULIC LIFT DOCK.^P^
NKW VOIlli OPFIOK: US Q ROrt D\A/« "V.
MBIE ADDKKSS: "UINIOIN.-
TlltMcGlew Ore Concentrator Company.
CHEAPEST, SIMPLEST, MOST DURABLE AND CLOSEST SAVING CONCENTRATOR IN USE. frank barrere. secretary and Manager.
works, I 32
PATKNTKD SKPTKMHKU 1!'. I*1
i an be Bet'ii in opei*atlou at the .Main Street, San Francisco.
Office, 1 16 Davis Street.
NINETY-FOUR AND ONE-HALF PER CENT
SM VED
ON ORES DIFFICULT TO CONCENTRATE.
amarvkl of Simplicity, Durability and Effectiveness, combining' both Side and End Motion with a Bumping Belt.
SPEED AND INCLINE of belt and amount of PER- CUSSION cnslb and quickly regulated, WHILST IN OPERATION.
t Ai-AciTY about ten tuns. Only one-tentb horsepower required. Adapted tor either canvas or rubber belts.
PRICK *3fl0 KAC'H
Including prepared canvas bell i ft. ii ins. wide.
Falls Mink, Iqo, Shasta Co.. Cal., May 25th. 1898. The McGlrw CoscBNl'liATOK Company:— I lake much jiln"? your very superior Orp Conceu-
ato
\VI
i I w;i
*d to
examine your
trator, I did so under protest, declaring- that I would have none other than a Erne, as after many years' experience with different concentrators. I believed them to be llie best.
Now. after :i thorough trial of the McOlew Ore Concen- trator, on ores -difficult ol concentration. I emphatically pronounce It the besl concentrator of any I have ever used in handling my oreB. it Is doing CLEANER and closer work than I had believed possible for any con- centrator to accomplish.
Samples of pulp and tailings, taken every hour, dried, mixed and assayed, show * * * from West ledge, a saving- by your concentrator of 94J^ per cent: from East ledge, * * * a saving of 92 per cent. The concentrator runs very easy and requires but slight attention. One man attends to rock breaker, crusher and concentrator.
You have a (rood concentrator, and it can be relied upon to handle any ore that will concentrate. I most heartily recommend it to the mining public. Yours respectfully, E. L. BALLOU. Propr. Ballon Reduction Works.
THE @ PELTON ©WATER ©WHEEL!
EMBRACING IN ITS VARIATIONS OP CONSTRUCTION AND APPLICATION
^ — THE PELTON SYSTEM OE POWER.^-»^^«»<-
The mum simple and efficient water power appliance for mining, electric or other service. Pull and reliable information given regarding any proposed application upon receipt of the necessary data
The F»elton Water W/heel Co., 1:21 Main St., San Francisco, Cal.
> THE GATES ORE AND ROCK CRUSHER!
SUPERIOR TO ALL OTHERS FOR EITHER MINING OR ROAD WORK. SEND FOR CIRCULAR.
THE PELTON WATER WHEEL CO. . . 121 Main St., San Francisco, Cal. . . General Western Agents.
niNE m bell m SIGNALS.
Adopted, Used and In Force in Accordance with State Law.
ROR THE CONVENIENCE OF OUR READERS IN THE MINING COUNTIES WE PRINT IN LEGAL SIZE. 12 X 36 INCHES, THE MINE BELL SIGNALS AND RULES PROVIDED FOR IN Ihe Voorhles Act, passed by the State Legislature ana approved March 8, 1893. The law is entitled " An Act to Establish a Uniform System of Mine Bell Signals to Be Used in All Mines Operated in the State of California, for the Protection of Miners." We can furnish these Signals and Rules, printed on cloth so as to withstand dampness, for SO cents a copy. MINING AND SCIENTIFIC PRESS, 2*20 Market Street. San Francisco. Cal.
IMPROVED FORM OF HYDRAULIC GIANTS.
The above cut illustrates the IMPROVED FORM OF DOUBLE-JOINTED HYDRAULIC GIANTS which we manufacture, and which are pronounced far superior to the SINGLE-JOINTED style. The latter, however, we furnish when requested. Prices, Discounts and Catalogues of our specialties of Hydraulic Mining Machinery sent upon application.
JOSHUA HENDY MACHINE WORKS, 42 Fremont St., San Francisco.
03~ Send for Price List.
THE JUDSON
Dynamite and Powder Co.
MANUFACTURERS OF
Dynamite and Blasting Powders,
300 Market Street, San Francisco.
DIRECTORS— AlvinzaHayward, Jos. Knowland.Bartlett Doe, C.S. Benedict, Ed. G. Lukens (President),
DEWEY & CO., PATENT SOLICITORS
2.2.0 Market St., San Francisco, Cal.
16
Mining and Scientific Press.
January o.
1895.
OVER 4000 IN ACTUAL USE.
Manufactured under Patents of April 2f, 1880; September 18, 1883; July 24, 1888; March 31, 1891.
Price of 4-foot wide Plain Frue Tanner $500, f. o. u.
" « " Improved Belt Frue Tanner 600, f. o. l>.
" 6-foot " Plain Belt Frue Tanner 600, f. o. b.